Varieties of knowledge in Plato and Aristotle (original) (raw)
Related papers
Plato and the Classical Theory of Knowledge
Folia Philosophica, 2019
In the paper the notion of the classical theory of knowledge is analyzed with reference to its source – the philosophy of Plato. A point of departure for the analysis is the characteristic of the classical theory of knowledge by Jan Woleński in his book "Epistemologia", (but it can be also found in the works of other researchers devoted to epistemology). His statements about Plato are weighted in the context of Plato's thought. The dialogues "Apology", "Gorgias", "Meno", the fragment, of the "Republic", "Theaetetus", "Timaeus" and the testimonies about the so-called agrapha dogmata are especially taken into consideration.
Oxford Scholarship Online, 2018
Several contemporary epistemologists have been intrigued by the discussion of the distinction between knowledge and correct opinion in Plato’s Meno (97a–98b); a number of them have suggested that Plato is appealing to the idea that to know a proposition one must be ‘safe from error’ regarding that proposition. In fact, although there is evidence that Plato assumes that knowledge requires something like safety, this passage in the Meno imposes a different requirement on knowledge—namely, what Robert Nozick called ‘adherence’, the requirement that knowledge must resiliently ‘adhere’ to the truth. Adherence is much more controversial than safety, but it seems that Plato accepted both, and it is argued that he was right to do so. Both adherence and safety can be understood in a ‘contextualist’ manner, but it seems that Plato rejects contextualism in favor of understanding both conditions in their most demanding form.
Theory of Knowledge According to Plato
Knowledge in its general sense being understood as an ultimate truth in its totality not merely dressed by definition. But then how can we know "Knowledge" or even argue on it without being defined? Philosophy is a surge for truth(Knowledge) and he who clime the ladder to surge he is not only seeker of the truth, but becomes the lover of truth. this paper will aim at critical philosophical investigation on the concept of truth and clarifying it with the notion of Perception according to Plato.
The Epistemic Competencies of Plato's Philosopher-Rulers
Eirene: Graeca et Latina, 2021
It is widely accepted that ruling is the sole prerogative of Plato’s philosopher-rulers because they alone possess knowledge (ἐπιστήμη). This knowledge is knowledge of the Good, taken to be the only knowledge there is in Kallipolis. Let us call this the sufficiency condition thesis (the SCT). In this paper, I challenge this consensus. I cast doubt on the adequacy of the SCT, arguing that part of the training and education of the philosopher-rulers involves their gaining practical wisdom (φρόνησις) and experience (ἐμπειρία). To succeed in this, I have two main aims. First, I argue that the philosopher-rulers must attain optimum cognitive success in these three modes of cognition to function efficiently in ruling. This involves showing that Plato, for his political project, appeals to other senses of cognitive successes besides his strictly metaphysical epistemology. Second, I attempt to demonstrate how these three modes of cognition coalesce or coincide in ruling the perceptible world, especially in the judgement and determination of concrete perceptible matters.
Plato on aporia and self-knowledge
Ancient Models of Mind: Studies in Human and Divine Rationality, 2010
This essay discusses Plato's conception of self-knowledge, technical knowledge, and ethical knowledge in the Charmides. It also analyzes the difference between "expert" and "elenctic" knowledge (deductive vs. aporetic) in the early Platonic dialogues. It argues that Plato also presented a kind of knowledge that differs from these other kinds of knowledge: self-knowledge. This is not elenctic, ethical, or technical knowledge. I also discuss Plato's conception of aporia.
Relation and object in Plato's approach to knowledge
Theoria, 2008
THE aim of this paper is to explain a paradox in Plato's philosophy. On the one hand, Plato reduces virtue to knowledge; on the other, he rejects the possibility of knowledge or at least has serious doubts that it exists.