Overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults living with HIV (original) (raw)
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The Lancet HIV, 2021
Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. Articles
Description of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a single-centre, prospective cohort
The Lancet HIV, 2020
Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
World Journal of Public Health
Introduction: Appearig at the end of 2019, an acute respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread from China to all parts of the world. Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, respiratory tract diseases, and cancer, among others, are poor predictive factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, it is not yet well established to date that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) increases mortality from COVID-19. We decided to describe aspectsof COVID-19 in HIV infected patients, followed up at the Outpatient Treatment Centre (CTA) in Dakar-Fann. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study of PLHIV over 15 years of age followed at the Outpatient Treatment Centre in Fann in whom the diagnosis of COVID-19 was made between July 2020 and September March 2021 by the polymerase chain reaction method in time real (RT-PCR). Results: A total of 22 PLWHA had COVID-19 with a predominance of women (15/22 or 68%). The median age was 47 years (33-85). The majority (91%) were infected with HIV-1. The mean last LTCD4 count in patients before COVID-19 diagnosis was 582 cells/mm 3 [51-1415]. The last viral load before SARS-CoV2 infection was undetectable in 19 patients or 86%. One patient was in virological rebound with 353.158copies/ml. Two had no available viral load, one was profile 2 (HIV-2) and one double profile (HIV1+2). One among the patients was an active smoker. Comorbidities were found in 14 patients (64%) dominated by hypertension (7/14) and obesity/overweight (6/14). One case of hepatic cytolysis due to auto-immune disease was noted. The most frequent symptoms were headache, severe asthenia, fever, anosmia, breath shortness and cough. Anti-COVID-19 therapy was initiated following to the national protocol in addition to ART (8 on ATRIPLA, 4 TLD and 2 on ATZ/r and LPV/r). Half of the patients were treated in hospital (11/22, i.e., 50%), including one in intensive care, namely the one with a virological rebound. The case lethality rate was 9% (02/22). The two deaths involved patients over 65 years of age who did not receive any vaccine, one of whom suffered from an auto-immune disease with poor treatment observance. Conclusion: Most patients were virologically controlled with a good LTCD4 level > 582 cells/mm 3. The comorbidities found were identical to those already described, proving once again that HIV is probably not a separate factor. However, good monitoring of co-morbidities, support for therapeutic compliance and vaccination should enable effective control of this pandemic in HIV patients.
HIV and SARS‐Cov‐2 Co-Infection: A Local Perspective
Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology
Objective: As the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spread globally, more human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients began to appear infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to evaluate the clinical course of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients from a local perspective. Methods: HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients diagnosed between March 2020 to June 2021 at a tertiary hospital in Turkey were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Thirty HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients were included. Five patients were female, 25 were male, and the mean age was 44.5 ±10.2 years. Twenty-three (76.7%) patients were known to be HIV-positive before their admission to the hospital, and seven (23.7%) patients, were detected by screening after the diagnosis of COVID-19. All patients were known to be HIV-positive; they were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and virologically suppressed. Twenty-seven patients had a mild course. Three patients were hospitalized, and of them, two patients had died. All hospitalized patients were male and were ART-naïve. Conclusion: HIV infection alone did not increase the severity of the course of COVID-19 and did not increase the mortality in COVID-19.
Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 2021
The HIV pandemic has led to close to 40 million people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide. To date, SARS-CoV2 has affected [ 220 million people, and unprecedented global efforts have resulted in almost 6000 million doses of SARS-CoV2 vaccines being administered. Although several specific COVID-19 antiviral and antiinflammatory treatments and SARS-CoV2 vaccines have been approved, the data available to support their use in specific populations such as PLWH remain limited. PLWH includes a range of individuals from practically unaffected immunity to severely immunocompromised individuals, and preventive and therapeutic interventions should be tailored for these subgroups. However, in most randomized clinical trials regarding antivirals, immunomodulators and vaccines for COVID-19, PLWH have been excluded or only enrolled in small numbers leading to a paucity of data. We briefly discuss the current evidence for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in PLWH and identify key areas where more information is required.
Journal of Infection
Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
Could HIV infection alter the clinical course of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection? When less is better
Recently, the first case of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported in the literature. With this letter, we proposed a hypothesis that could explain the interaction between HIV infection and the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dear editor We read with real interest the article of Zhu et al. 1. Here, the authors reported the first case of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a 61-years-old male. After detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection by a real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, anti-HIV drug (lopinavir/ritonavir, 400/100 mg per dose, twice daily for 12 days), was started. The patient also received moxifloxacin (400 mg once daily for 7 days), γ-globulin (400 mg/kg once daily for 3 days), and methylprednisolone (0.8 mg/kg once daily for 3 days). Despite the patient's comorbidities such as type II diabetes and mild lymphopenia (lymphocyte count of 1.1 × 10 9 /L), that worsened during the acute phase of the disease (0.56 × 10 9 /L), the patient had a good outcome, and he was discharged at home. As noted by Joob et al. 2 , the patient did not receive antiviral therapy for HIV infection before. Presently, antiretroviral drugs are widely used for the treatment of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infections 3. However, the clinical efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection needs to be
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Iranian People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 2022
Background: A novel Coronavirus first emerging in Wuhan, China, was named severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). The disease caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 is known as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). HIV-1 infected individuals may be at risk of COVID-19. Objectives: This cross-sectional study evaluated the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate and COVID-19 prevalence among Iranian HIV-1-infected people. Methods: The study was conducted on 155 HIV-1-infected patients from June 2020 to October 2020. COVID-19 Ab (IgG) was detected using an enzyme immunoassay in serum specimens. Furthermore, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens were collected. Then, the genomic RNA of SARS‐CoV‐2 was detected using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical symptoms of the studied participants with and without COVID-19 were examined. Results: Of 155 HIV-1-infected individuals, 12 (7.7%) had positive real-time PCR results for SARS-CoV-2. Out of 12 (7.7%) patients with COVID‐19, f...
2021
BackgroundAn outbreak of novel coronavirus (SARS- CoV-2) was observed on December 2019 in Wuhan, China which led to a global pandemic declared in March 2020. As a consequence, it imposed delirious consequences in patients with underlying co – morbid conditions that make them immunocompromised. The purpose of this paper is to provide an in - depth review of influence of COVID – 19 in patients with underlying HIV in terms of mortality and hospitalization.Authors also aim to provide a thorough risk analysis of hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality of PLWH and COVID-19. The secondary objective was to analyze the CD4+ count variations and outcome of COVID - 19 and to correlate if ART provided a protective role. Authors also aim to provide an evaluation of typical clinical presentation of COVID-19 in PLWH. ART is found to show activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, and there is some similarity in the structure of HIV-1 gp41 and S2 proteins of SARS-CoV since they both belong to +ssRN...
Viruses
The main aim of this study was to describe the clinical and immunological outcomes, as well as the inflammatory profile, of patients with advanced HIV in an assisted-living facility in which an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 occurred. SARS-CoV-2 humoral and specific T-cell response were analyzed in patients with HIV infection and COVID-19; as a secondary objective of the analysis, levels of the inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα) were tested in the HIV/COVID-19 group, in HIV-positive patients without COVID-19, and in HIV-negative patients with mild/moderate COVID-19. Antibody kinetics and ability to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated by ELISA assay, as well as the inflammatory cytokines; SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response was quantified by ELISpot assay. Mann–Whitney or Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for comparisons. Thirty patients were included with the following demographics: age, 57 years old (IQR, 53–62); 76% male; median HIV duration of infection, 18 years (15–29); n...