Preparation of self-flocculated solid lipid (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
The aim of the current work was to look into the feasibility of planning of solid lipid nanoparticles of Glyceryl mono stearate containing Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide as model drugs. Methods: Solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with three model lipophilic drugs were developed by high shear hot homogenization method. The model drugs used are Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide. Glyceryl monostearate was used as the lipid core; Tween 20 and Tween 80 were employed as surfactants and lecithin asco-surfactant. Many formulation parameters were manipulated to receive high quality nanoparticles. The prepared solid lipid nanoparticles were evaluated by different standardphysical and imaging methods. The efficiency of drug release form prepared formulaewas studied using In vitro technique to utilize of dialysis bag technique. The stability of prepared formulae was studied by thermal procedures and infrared spectrum analysis. The physicochemical properties of the prepared formulae like particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, drug loading capacity, yield content and In vitro drug release behavior were too assessed. Results: The average particle diameter measured by a laser diffraction technique was (194.6±5.03 to 406.6±15.2 NM) for Dibenzoyl peroxide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles, (220±6.2 to 328.34±2.5) NM for Erythromycin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and (227.3±2.5 to 480.6±24) NM for Triamcinolone acetonide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. The entrapment efficiency and drug loading capacity, determined with ultravioletspectroscopy, were 80.5±9.45% and 0.805±0.093%, for Dibenzoyl peroxide, 96±11.5 and0.96±0.012 for Triamcinolone acetonide and 94.6±14.9 and 0.946±0.012 for Erythromycinbase respectively. It was found that model drugs showed significant faster release patterns when compared with commercially available formulations and pure drugs(p˂0. 05). Thermal analysis of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles gave indication ofsolubilization of drugs within a lipid matrix. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the absence of new bands for loaded solid lipid nanoparticles indicating nointeraction between drugs and lipid matrix and being only dissolved in it. Electronmicroscope of scanning and transmission techniques indicated sphere form of preparedsolid lipid nanoparticles with smooth surface with size below 100 nm. Conclusion: In conclusion, it may be concluded that solid lipid nanoparticles with small particle size have high encapsulation efficiency, and relatively high loading capacity for Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide as model drugs can be obtained by this method.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
The aim of the current work was to look into the feasibility of planning of solid lipid nanoparticles of Glyceryl mono stearate containing Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide as model drugs. Methods: Solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with three model lipophilic drugs were developed by high shear hot homogenization method. The model drugs used are Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide. Glyceryl monostearate was used as the lipid core; Tween 20 and Tween 80 were employed as surfactants and lecithin asco-surfactant. Many formulation parameters were manipulated to receive high quality nanoparticles. The prepared solid lipid nanoparticles were evaluated by different standardphysical and imaging methods. The efficiency of drug release form prepared formulaewas studied using In vitro technique to utilize of dialysis bag technique. The stability of prepared formulae was studied by thermal procedures and infrared spectrum analysis. The physicochemical properties of the prepared formulae like particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, drug loading capacity, yield content and In vitro drug release behavior were too assessed. Results: The average particle diameter measured by a laser diffraction technique was (194.6±5.03 to 406.6±15.2 NM) for Dibenzoyl peroxide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles, (220±6.2 to 328.34±2.5) NM for Erythromycin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and (227.3±2.5 to 480.6±24) NM for Triamcinolone acetonide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. The entrapment efficiency and drug loading capacity, determined with ultravioletspectroscopy, were 80.5±9.45% and 0.805±0.093%, for Dibenzoyl peroxide, 96±11.5 and0.96±0.012 for Triamcinolone acetonide and 94.6±14.9 and 0.946±0.012 for Erythromycinbase respectively. It was found that model drugs showed significant faster release patterns when compared with commercially available formulations and pure drugs(p˂0. 05). Thermal analysis of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles gave indication ofsolubilization of drugs within a lipid matrix. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the absence of new bands for loaded solid lipid nanoparticles indicating nointeraction between drugs and lipid matrix and being only dissolved in it. Electronmicroscope of scanning and transmission techniques indicated sphere form of preparedsolid lipid nanoparticles with smooth surface with size below 100 nm. Conclusion: In conclusion, it may be concluded that solid lipid nanoparticles with small particle size have high encapsulation efficiency, and relatively high loading capacity for Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide as model drugs can be obtained by this method.
International Journal of Drug Delivery, 2016
Solid lipid nanopaticles (SLNs) emerged in early 1990s as a next-generation drug delivery system, an alternative to traditional colloidal carriers like liposomeÊs, polymeric nanoparticles, emulsions etc. Their size range is between 1 to 1000 nm and their biodegradable and inacceptable nature make them less toxic and thus better suited to patients. SLNs have got potential applications in pharmaceutical field, cosmetics, clinical medicine and other allied sciences. Presently, formulation scientists have been focusing on SLNs as colloidal drug carriers for incorporating hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drugs. The ability to incorporate drugs into nanocarriers offers a new prototype in drug delivery which can be used for drug targeting. They hold great promise for reaching the goal of controlled and site specific drug delivery. Furthermore, SLNs have got advantage of being introduced in the body by oral, parenteral and topical routes. So the present review attempts to enlighten various lipids used in SLNs, manufacturing techniques as well as the potential applications through various routes for a variety of disorders. Furthermore, the manuscript also focuses on the fate of these lipids (constituents of SLNs) in the body and their way out (i.e. elimination).
LIPID BASED NANOPARTICLES: SLN/NLCS - FORMULATION TECHNIQUES, ITS EVALUATION AND APPLICATIONS
IJCIRAS`, 2019
This review represents the usage of SLN and NLCs regarding their advantages, formulation methodology, characterization and applications. If suitably investigated, SLNs/NLCS may open new prospects in therapy of complex diseases. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) were formulated at the emergence of the 1990s as a replaced carrier system to emulsions, liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles. SLN are aqueous colloidal dispersions, the matrix of which consists of solid biodegradable lipids. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are drug-delivery systems consists of both solid and liquid lipids as a core matrix. It was shown that NLCs has some advantages for drug therapy over conventional carriers, including higher solubility, the ability to enhance storage stability, improved permeability and bioavailability, reduced adverse effect, prolonged half-life, and tissue-targeted delivery. SLN and NLCs are manufactured by techniques like high pressure homogenization, solvent diffusion method ultrasonication, solvent emulsification etc. Both SLN/NLCs have applications in for parenteral, nasal, respiratory, ocular, rectal, and topical, in chemotherapy, etc.
Formulation of solid lipid nanoparticles and their applications.
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) introduced in 1991 represent an alternative carrier system to traditional colloidal carriers, such as emulsions, liposomes and polymeric micro-and nanoparticles. SLN are aqueous colloidal dispersions, the matrix of which comprises of solid biodegradable lipids. SLN are manufactured by techniques like high pressure homogenization, solvent diffusion method etc. SLN combine advantages of the traditional systems but avoid some of their major disadvantages. They exhibit major advantages such as modulated release, improved bioavailability, protection of chemically labile molecules like retinol, peptides from degradation, cost effective excipients, improved drug incorporation and wide application spectrum. However there are certain limitations associated with SLN, like limited drug loading capacity and drug expulsion during storage, which can be minimized by the next generation of solid lipids, Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). NLC are lipid particles with a controlled nanostructure that improves drug loading and firmly incorporates the drug during storage. Due to their unique size-dependent properties, lipid nanoparticles offer the possibility to develop new therapeutics. Owing to their properties and advantages, SLN and NLC may find extensive application in topical drug delivery, oral and parenteral administration of cosmetic and pharmaceutical actives. Cosmeceuticals is emerging as the biggest application target of these carriers. Carrier systems like SLN and NLC were developed with a perspective to meet industrial needs like scale up, qualification and validation, simple technology, low cost etc. The ability to incorporate drugs into nanocarriers offers a new prototype in drug delivery that could be used for secondary and tertiary levels of drug targeting. This review mainly focuses on the advantages and limitations of the solid lipid nanoparticles over other colloidal carriers and different techniques available for the formulation of SLNs and their applications in therapeutics.
British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
The aim of this study was to explore the practicability of preparation of solid lipid nanoparticles of Glyceryl monostearate containing Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide as model drugs. The physicochemical properties of the prepared formulae like particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, drug loading capacity, yield content and in-vitro drug release behavior were also measured. Methodology: Solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with three model lipophilic drugs were prepared by high shear hot homogenization method. The model drugs used are Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide. Glyceryl monostearate was used as lipid core; Tween 20 and Tween 80 were employed as surfactants and lecithin as co-surfactant. Many formulation parameters were controlled to obtain high quality nanoparticles. The prepared solid lipid nanoparticles were evaluated by different standard physical and imaging methods. The efficiency of drug release form prepared formulae was studied using in vitro technique with utilize of dialysis bag technique. The stability of prepared formulae was studied by thermal procedures and infrared spectroscopy. Results: The mean particle diameter measured by laser diffraction technique was (194.6±5.03 to 406.6±15.2 nm) for Dibenzoyl peroxide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles, (220±6.2 to 328.34±2.5) nm for Erythromycin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and (227.3±2.5 to 480.6±24) nm for Triamcinolone acetonide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. The entrapment efficiency and drug loading capacity, determined with ultraviolet spectroscopy, were 80.5±9.45% and 0.805±0.093%, for Dibenzoyl peroxide, 96±11.5 and 0.96±0.012 for Triamcinolone acetonide and 94.6±14.9 and 0.946±0.012 for Erythromycin base respectively. It was found that model drugs showed significant faster release patterns when compared with commercially available formulations and pure drugs (p˂ 0.05). Thermal analysis of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles gave indication of solubilization of drugs within lipid matrix. Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the absence of new bands for loaded solid lipid nanoparticles indicating no interaction between drugs and lipid matrix and being only dissolved in it. Electron microscope of scanning and transmission techniques indicated sphere form of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles with smooth surface with size below 100 nm. Conclusions: Solid lipid nanoparticles with small particle size have high encapsulation efficiency, and relatively high loading capacity for Dibenzoyl peroxide, Erythromycin base, and Triamcinolone acetonide as model drugs can be obtained by this method.
A Technical Review: Solid- Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN), Their Characteristics and Their Preparation
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development
Solid lipid nanoparticles are at the forefront of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology with several potential applications in drug delivery, clinical medicine and research as well as in other varied sciences. Due to their unique size-dependent properties, lipid nanoparticles offer the possibility to develop new therapeutics. The ability to incorporate drugs into nanocarriers offers a new prototype in drug delivery that could be used for secondary and tertiary levels of drug targeting. Hence, solid lipid nanoparticles hold great promise for reaching the goal of controlled and site specific drug delivery and hence have attracted wide attention of researchers. This review presents a broad treatment of solid lipid nanoparticles discussing their advantages, limitations and their possible remedies. The different types of nanocarriers which were based on solid lipid like solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, lipid drug conjugates are discussed with their struc...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate the Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) of Ropinirole Hydrochloride (ROP). Methods: ROP-loaded SLNs were prepared by a double emulsion method using glyceryl monostearate (GMS) as lipid and soya lecithin as a stabilizer. All formulated ROP-loaded SLNs were characterized for its particle size and size distribution, zeta potential, % Entrapment Efficiency (EE) and drug loading. The formulations were optimized in terms of GMS to soya lecithin ratio and sonication time of primary emulsion. Shape and surface morphology of the optimized formulation was studied using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In vitro and ex vivo Study of optimized formulation was also performed and compared with a pure drug solution. Results: The particle size and polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential and EE of optimized formulation were found to be 320±5.15 nm, 0.260±0.012,-37.9±1.43, 56.13±2.33% respectively. In vitro and ex vivo permeation study revealed that percentage cumulative drug release of optimized formulation was found to be 58.45±1.75% and 53.75±1.34 % respectively in 24 h and more than 90% drug release from pure drug solution was found to be within 6 h. Drug release from the formulation is sustained as compared to the plain drug solution which release 97.74 % (in vitro) and 88.15 % (ex vivo) of the drug within 6 h. Conclusion: From the results, it concludes that drug released from SLNs follows sustained release pattern and it will enhance the overall activity of the drug.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: A Review
Journal of Current Pharma Research, 2011
Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) dispersions have been proposed as a new type of colloidal drug carrier system suitable for intravenous administration. The system consists of spherical solid lipid particles in the nanometer ranges, which are dispersed in water or in aqueous surfactant solution. It is identical to an oil-in-water emulsion for parenteral nutrition (e.g., Intralipid, Lipofundin), but the liquid lipid (oil) of the emulsion has been replaced by a solid lipid, i.e., yielding Solid Lipid Nanoparticles. SLN are particles made from solid lipid or lipid blends produced by high pressure homogenization. SLN introduced in 1991 represent an alternative carrier system to traditional colloidal carriers, such as emulsions, liposomes and polymeric micro-and nanoparticles. SLN combine advantages of the traditional systems but avoid some of their major disadvantages. This article reviews the present state of the art regarding production techniques for SLN, drug incorporation, loading capacity and drug release, especially focusing on drug release mechanisms. Relevant issues for the introduction of SLN to the pharmaceutical market, such as status of excipients, toxicity/tolerability aspects and sterilization and long-term stability including industrial large scale production are also discussed. The potential of SLN to be exploited for the different administration routes is highlighted.
Comparative study between the viscoelastic behaviors of different lipid nanoparticle formulations
International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2005
Application of drug substances to the skin for systemic absorption or action in a particular layer of the skin is a rather old approach. However, over the last years it has received much more attention, as a consequence of the development of new membrane-moderated and matrix reservoir devices. As new reservoir systems, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN TM) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC TM) have been successfully tested for derreal application of different physicochemical substances. The knowledge obtained from theological investigations of these systems may be highly useful for the characterization of the newly developed topical formulation. In the present study, an oscillation frequency sweep test was used for the evaluation of storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G"), and complex viscosity ('q*) of twelve different SLN and NLC formulations, over a frequency range from 0 to 10 Hz. The lipidic aqueous dispersions were prepared using three different solid lipids (Softisan©138, Compritol©888, and stearyl alcohol) as matrix material. Miglyol©812, tocopherol, sunflower oil, and long-chain triacylglycerols were the chosen liquid lipids for NLC preparation. The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of these different liquid lipids on the rheological properties of aqueous dispersions of NLC as model systems. It was found that the liquid oil component of the formulation has a strong influence on the viscoelastic parameters, which are dependent on the particle size, zeta potential, and crystallinity of the lipid particles, as well as on the solid lipid used.