Effects of gender-based violence on students’ well-being: A case of Mufulira College (original) (raw)
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EFFECTS OF GENDER BASED VIOLENCE AMONG STUDENTS N MASINDE MULIRO UNIVERSITY, KAKAMEGA, KENYA, 2014
Background: A recent global review of 50 population-based studies carried out in 36 countries indicates that between 10 and 60% of women who have ever been married or partnered have experienced at least one incident of physical violence from a current or former intimate partner (Heise.L, 2009). Kenya‟s Demographic and Health Survey in 2003 found that 44 percent of married, divorced or separated women aged 15–49 report they had been physically or sexually violated at least once by their husbands or partners. Purpose of the study: This research however not only focused on the general overview of GBV but specifically arrowed on the effects of GBV amongst campus students in Masinde Muliro University. No such research had been conducted in Masinde Muliro Univeristy and any other public university in Kenya but there was evidence in written articles of the existence of GBV victims amongst the students courtesy of reports from I Choose Life Africa –Masinde Muliro chapter. Methodology: A cross sectional quantitative explorative study design was employed which combined both quantitative and qualitative enquiries. The study was conducted in Masinde Muliro University main campus as the study site with the target population of this study being both the male and female students of Masinde Muliro University. Results: From the results, it was quiet evident that the Females were the ones who faced Gender Based violence more at 96% as opposed to the male who only had 4% of the cases. Conclusion: From the findings and analysis of these results; this research came to the conclusion that GBV is present in MMUST majorly physical abuse of the students by their partners and psychological abuse from the university staff and their colleagues. It also established that There was a correlation between substance abuse and instances of GBV hence curbing substance abuse would help curb GBV.
Gender based violence is one of the most frequent type of human rights violation against girls and women. Having this background, the major objectives of this research was investigating the types, cause and consequences of this gender based violence against female students in Bahir Dar University. A qualitative study has been used predominantly to have a deep in-sight about the experiences of female students with regard to gender based violence (GBV). A case study design has been used, whereby the researcher investigates the respondents’ perspectives on their experience of GBV. A focus group discussion has also been employed to give depth to the study through analyzing groups’ consensus. Furthermore, in-depth interviews with key informants have been conducted to gather data on the prevailing norms and practices of the University in relation to GBV. Finally, beside the above major techniques, questionnaires have been distributed to female and male students to supplement the qualitative data with quantitative results. The out come of the research confirmed that, different sorts of GBV are committed against female students in Bahir Dar University. Sexual harassment is the most frequent form of sexual violence perpetrated against female students. In addition, attempted rape and rape too were perpetrated against female students mainly outside of the University. Psychological and emotional violence are also inflicted against female students through insult, humiliation and embarrassment. Economic violence, denial of liberty and discrimination in the form of giving priority to male students, are the other types of GBV observed in Bahir Dar University. Female students are also victims of physical violence through slap, battering and kicking. The causes for such types of violence were identified as legal and structural constraints. The legal challenges associated with the University which failed to have a specific policy on the rights of girls and its failure in incorporating the rights of girls within the existing senate legislation. Furthermore, absence of any nationwide law that protects girls against campus based GBV is another challenge. The structural constraints include the discriminatory culture, and poverty which are related to the society. The physical environment, alcoholism and drugs abuses are the other challenges related to the University and the students, respectively. GBV has various consequences on female students’ physical, emotional and psychological health and educational achievements. The study showed that GBV is one the major cause for female students’ lower academic achievements. Finally, the study points out some recommendations.
Students' Role in Managing Gender-Based Violence in Kenyan Universities
International Journal of Advances in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2016
Gender-based violence (GBV) consists of physical acts of force, social and psychological harm meted to an individual or group of individuals for no other reason than that they are male or female. The review of literature provides evidence that the GBV exists hence the objective of this paper, is to assess the role students play in helping to eliminate GBV at universities for greater development of potentialities. The variables that were studied include: Sexual exploitation and harassment; derogatory language; discrimination and class; non-responsive learning environment; stereotypes and negative indoctrination (National Commission on Gender and Development, 2006). This paper was based on a study conducted in three public and three private universities. The study population consisted of the male and female students. The researcher used a sample size of 335 public and 327 private university students from a population of 151,600 and 47,912 respectively (Education Insight, 2010; Republic of Kenya 2010). Simple random sampling was used to choose public and private universities from their clusters based on a minimum of 10% of the population size for small samples (Salkind, 2004).
Violence Against Women (VAW) in Tertiary Institutions: Issues and Challenges
Gender-based violence (GBV) is globally recognized as a public health issue. The specific focus of this research is violence against women (VAW), as statistics continue to show that women are more likely to fall victims of violence by virtue of their gender. This study investigates the prevalence, pattern and causal factors for violence against female undergraduates in Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta, Nigeria. In addition, the study examines the causes and effects of this malaise on victims. Possible ways of reducing occurrence of VAW against female undergraduates are also proffered. The study is cross-sectional, analytical and descriptive, in nature. It made use of secondary data source like; academic papers, newspaper publications, online publications ands so on. Data were collected with a pilot tested, semi-structured questionnaire; self-administered by the respondents. Data were analyzed with the Epi. Info software. Respondents were selected using a 3-level multistage sampling technique. Results and conclusion are based on valid responses only.
International Journal of Gender Studies in Developing Societies
The prevalence and factors influencing GBV in institutions of higher education in Botswana is relatively unknown. We aimed to characterise the perceptions of University of Botswana (UB) students regarding the prevalence and factors that influence GBV at the institution. We conducted a cross-sectional study among UB undergraduate students using a self-administered questionnaire to establish their perceptions on factors that influence GBV among the university students and capture their demographic characteristics as well as their experience with GBV. A total of 196 questionnaires were used for the analysis and the majority (87.8%) of the respondents believe that GBV exists at UB and nearly half (46.4%) consider GBV to be of average prevalence. Low economic status had the highest average agreement score (3.8/5). Lobola or bride price also received a relatively high endorsement (3.1/5). Efforts need to aim to develop and implement strategies for reducing the burden of GBV.
Juniper, Annals of Social Science and Managment studies, 2019
The term gender based violence on women can interchangeable be used as violence against women, as it refers any acts of gender based violence that results in or is likely to result in harm of suffer to the female students including threat, of such act coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty whether its occurring publicity or private. The problem of gender and violence against female student associated with and has its root the structure of the society where the deep-rooted patriarchal system contributing to the problem and inequality between the gender [1]. The general or the main objective of the study is to find out the implication of the gender-based violence on academic achievement of female students who were found in Abba Fransua School. This study may be significant as it will address on remarkable social phenomenon that is global concern and will documented and recorded matter that relate to this study. A both qualitative as well as quantitative research method has been used and to collect the required data, the researcher employed both probability and non-probability sampling technique, particularly snowball sampling and probability sampling simple random.
BMC Women's Health
Background: There is a high prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) victimization among young Ethiopian women, including in universities, where female enrollment is low but growing. Understanding factors contributing to GBV in this context and students' perspectives on gender, relationships, and interpersonal violence is essential to creating effective interventions to prevent GBV and support female students' rights and wellbeing. Methods: In-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with male and female students (male IDI n = 36, female IDI n = 34, male FGD n = 18, female FGD n = 19) and faculty and staff (FGD n = 19) at two Ethiopian universities. Audio recordings were transcribed and translated into English. Transcripts were coded thematically to identify key factors contributing to GBV and provide narratives of students' experiences. Results: GBV against female students was a salient issue, including narrative accounts of harassment, intimidation, and physical and sexual violence on the university campuses and the towns in which they are located. Reported risks for GBV included receiving academic support from male peers, exercising agency in relationship decisionmaking, having a negative self-concept, belief in stereotypical gender expectations, and engaging in transactional sex and/or substance use. While students recognized these risk factors, they also suggested GBV may be the result of females' "improper" behavior, attire, use of males for personal gain, or personal failure to prevent violence. Conclusions: GBV is a serious issue in these two Ethiopian universities, creating a tenuous learning environment for female students. Programs are needed to address areas of vulnerability and negative attitudes toward female students in order to decrease female victimization.
Gender-Based Violence in Tertiary Education Institutions in Kenya: Focus Kakamega County
This study was about gender-based violence in tertiary education institutions in Kenya with special focus on Kakamega County. This follows an upsurge in incidents of reported crimes especially on media of gender based acts of violence within learning institutions. A descriptive design was preferred for this study. The study addressed the question: What is the magnitude of gender violence experienced by students within the tertiary education institutions in Kakamega County? With the view of gaining some insight on the subject, a survey was conducted among students in tertiary institutions in Kakamega County. Specifically the study sought to assess the magnitude of gender violence using acts of violence: Physical, Psychological and Sexual. The study also established the perpetrators of gender based violence in the institutions. A total of 450 students were sampled for the study. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were used. Primary data collection techniques employed structured questionnaires, informal interviews and observation. The study established that in tertiary education institutions and students themselves were the main perpetrators of the acts of violence.
BMC Women's Health
Introduction Violence against girls and young women, mostly those in educational settings, has been gaining increasing attention. School-based gender-based violence represents a serious obstacle. As a result, it would be a threat to the achievement of the sustainable development goals, strive for gender equality in all our programs, right from the planning stages, to make sure we are as equitable as possible. Little was studied to explore reasons, opinions, and perceptions towards gender-based violence. Also, studies that are conducted on private college female students are limited. Important evidence about underlining reasons for gender-based violence against private college students will be explored. Therefore, to assess the prevalence of gender-based violence and associated factors among Private college female students in Dessie City, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods A facility-based mixed method concurrent triangulation study design was conducted among 435 randomly selected Private colle...
Frontiers in reproductive health, 2023
Background: Gender-based violence is an important topic that needs to be taken into account when identifying gender-related gaps and disadvantages that a person might face because of their gender. Violence against women could result in psychological and physical adverse outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and predictors of gender-based violence among female students at Wolkite University, southwest Ethiopia, 2021. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 female students and the students were selected by using a systematic sampling method. Data were checked for completeness and entered into EpiData version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 23 for further analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were employed to determine the prevalence and predictors of gender-based violence. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p-value of ≤0.05 was used to check statistical association. Result: In this study, the overall prevalence of gender-based violence among female students was 46.2%. The prevalence of physical violence and sexual violence was 56.1% and 47.0%, respectively. Factors that were significantly associated with gender-based violence among female university students were: being a 2nd-year student or having a lower educational level [AOR = 2.56 (95% CI, 1.06-6.17)], being married or living with a male partner [AOR = 3.35 (95% CI, 1.07-10.5], having a father with no formal education [AOR = 15.46 (95% CI, 5.204-45.39)], having a drinking habit [AOR = 2.53 (95% CI, 1.21-6.30)] and not being able to freely discuss issues with their families [AOR = 2.48 (95% CI, 1.27-4.84)] Conclusions and recommendations: The result of this study showed that more than one-third of the participants were exposed to gender-based violence. Thus, gender-based violence is an important topic deserving of more consideration; further investigations are important to decrease gender-based violence among university students.