CHS Priority Planning Tool (CPPT)—A GIS Model for Defining Hydrographic Survey and Charting Priorities (original) (raw)
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Oceans Management Internet Mapping Application (OMIMA): A GIS Web-Based Tool for Oceans Management
2002
The Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), Central and Arctic Region in partnership with GeoArctic International Services Ltd. have successfully cooperated in a GeoInnovations 2001 project entitled "Oceans Management Internet Mapping Application (OMIMA)". OMIMA is designed to provide coastal and ocean resource managers within DFO access to regional geographic data and mapping technologies as an aid to coordinated decision making and integrated ocean management. Oceans Programs Division has undertaken the collection of geospatial data for selected locations in the Canadian Arctic. The Mackenzie Delta and Beaufort Sea are an initial focus of the work, with significant oil and gas exploration and development taking place in the areas. OMIMA provides access to the Oceans Programs Division spatial data warehouse and will maintain compliance with OpenGIS Web mapping protocols and FGDC metadata standards. The user interface is designed to facilitate maximum use by a variety of users including senior management, policy makers, scientists and GIS staff. It provides the user with the ability to browse and search the spatial data warehouse; create custom maps from diverse sources; query data attributes and access images, videos, audios, or documents in various formats; and search and retrieve metadata. In addition OMIMA allows users to access other Web-based mapping applications such as DFO's Oceans Program Activity Tracking (OPAT) system, developed by a different team with different Web tools, proving that interoperability among Internet mapping systems is achievable. The result is an elegant Web-based solution integrating an understanding of oceans management, web-based discovery and access of spatial data, databases, and several Web mapping applications. Marta Wojnarowska received an M.Sc.E. in Surveying from the University of New Brunswick and has 10 years experience in geomatics. Marta is currently a Geomatics Project Manager/Coordinator at GeoArctic. Dianne Michalak received an M.Sc from the University of Manitoba and has 4 years experience in geomatics. Dianne is currently a contractor providing geomatics support to Fisheries and Oceans, Central and Arctic Region, Oceans Programs Division.
2012
IHO Publication C-55 (Status of Hydrographic Surveying and Nautical Charting Worldwide) contains information about the progress of hydrographic surveying and nautical charting for a country with navigable waters under its jurisdiction. Listed primarily as percent coverage, it is difficult to use this information to determine: 1) if the current level of surveying or charting is adequate or in need of action, or 2) can be used to compare different locations. An analysis and assessment methodology has been developed to assess the adequacy hydrographic surveying and nautical charting coverage. Indications of chart adequacy and completeness as depicted on current charts or sailing directions are spatially correlated with significant maritime sites/areas associated with social, environmental and economic factors. The procedure was developed in a GIS environment for Belize and Nigeria. Areas within the charts were prioritized based on zone of confidence, source diagrams, chart quality symbols/indicators, doubtful danger markings, survey completeness, navigationally-significant depths, and areas of significant maritime importance.
sta.uwi.edu
The rationale for the effective management of natural resources in SIDS has been a subject of discussion in many fora in the last decade. The relatively fixed quantity and exposure of these resources to natural and human degradation are major concerns to the population at large. In an attempt to manage these resources in rational and sustainable ways, efforts have rightly been focussed on the development of legislative and policy instruments. These instruments have shown little-known results and their impact is sometimes difficult to assess. Improvements in information technology, in the last decade, have tremendously improved the capability of geoinformatics as a data acquisition, data analysis and data management tool. The introduction of high-resolution satellite imagery and high-precision Global Positioning Systems along with increased data processing power of GIS has provided efficient tools for resource management. This paper will review technological advancements that could improve the management of natural resources. Particular attention would be paid to the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a data analysis and modelling tool for a variety of spatial analyses and management. The paper concludes by proposing a strategic development plan for the effective use of GIS in land and marine management in SIDS.
2011
In order to evaluate the ecological significance of marine receiving environments and determine their vulnerability to predominantly land-use (i.e. sedimentation), but also stormwater and wastewater contaminants for the entire Auckland Region, a GIS was developed that integrates ecological significance, hydrodynamic modelling and sediment load modelling. The first stage was evaluating and classifying the ecological significance of marine receiving environments for the open coasts, harbours and estuaries of the region. This included the development of a novel tiered classification scheme, a review of marine data, and the development of discrete maps (shape files) for input into a GIS layer. The second stage then used a sediment load model to determine the potential sediment run-off from catchments associated with any marine receiving environment identified as regionally significant. In order to link the potential sediment loads from catchments with the areas identified with regionall...
SEA's Use of Computer Based Tools: GIS to Spatial Decision Support Systems
This paper is for those who are consideriilg putting a GIs facility in their agency. It is along the lines of a how-to do it. The Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA) Division has evolved an elaborate GIs network by which it carries out digital mapping and produces a range of products. It interacts with other divisions within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as well as with other agencies to bring together digital data which are published in a variety of formats. SEA developed its present GIs related network by a trial and error process. It did not evolve from a predetermined plan. The present paper presents information, which may be usefbl to your agency. This is for automechanics on how to create a GIs network. What did NOAA do? The agency is fairly typical. The GIs did not evolve because a group of wise men sat down three or four year ago and decided that this is the way it was going to be. In fact, that is not the way to do it. A GIs is loaded with pitfalls. SEA's GIs network developed through a process of evolution, in which we made mistakes, back-tracked a little bit, and looked a little ahead. This paper in introductory automechanics will describe SEA's use of GIs, technically and by example. While we want to describe SEA's use of GIs, that is not the priority right now. We want to emphasize that institutions are not hardware configured computers. Institutions are primarily people doing jobs. This is such a technical area that often this common sense principle is lost. We want to get beyond the technological jargon. The paper will focus on people doing projects, and projects that require certain spatial analytical skills. The GIs network should be viewed in that context.
Satellite-Derived Bathymetry for Improving Canadian Hydrographic Service Charts
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Approximately 1000 Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS) charts cover Canada’s oceans and navigable waters. Many charts use information collected with techniques that predate the more advanced technologies available to Hydrographic Offices (HOs) today. Furthermore, gaps in survey data, particularly in the Canadian Arctic where only 6% of waters are surveyed to modern standards, are also problematic. Through a Canadian Space Agency (CSA) Government Related Initiatives Program (GRIP) project, CHS is exploring remote sensing techniques to assist with the improvement of Canadian navigational charts. Projects exploring optical/Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) shoreline extraction and change detection, as well as optical Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB), are currently underway. This paper focuses on SDB extracted from high-resolution optical imagery, highlighting current results as well as the challenges and opportunities CHS will encounter when implementing SDB within its operational chart...
Canada's Pacific coast is one region where there is a renewed commitment to pursue marine spatial planning (MSP). The British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis (BCMCA) project aimed to set the stage for MSP, and was designed to provide resource managers, scientists, decision-makers, and stakeholders with a new set of resources to inform coast-wide integrated marine planning and management initiatives. Geographic Information Systems and the decision support tool Marxan were used to develop two main products: (1) an atlas of known marine ecological values and human uses; and (2) analyses of areas of conservation value and human use value. 110 biophysical datasets and 78 human use datasets were collated and refined where applicable, as identified through five ecological expert workshops, one expert review of physical marine classification and representation, and guidance from the human use data working group. Ecological data richness maps and Marxan results show the importance of nearshore and continental shelf regions. Data richness maps for the six categories of human uses show that all, except shipping and transport, are also closely linked to the shoreline and continental shelf. An example ecological Marxan solution identifying areas of conservation value overlapped human use sector footprints by percentages ranging from 92% (i.e., 92% of planning units selected by Marxan also contain commercial fisheries) to 3%. The experience of the BCMCA project has the potential to provide valuable guidance to regions seeking to jump-start planning processes by collating spatial information and carrying out exploratory analyses.
2003
This paper attempts to position the GEBCO organization in time, that is, in the flow of events impacting the partnering organizations and the changes in technology that will influence GEBCO in the next few years. Against this backdrop, the paper explores the concept of producing a new edition of GEBCO and concludes that there will not be a “sixth edition” with the same meaning that earlier editions had. Rather, sounding data from navigational hydrography, contours from the IOCs regional bathymetric maps, multibeam data from the deep ocean, and altimetry –derived bathymetric information will be contributed to a digital data base from which all marine science can draw seafloor morphologic information.