Therapeutic effects of anthocyanin-rich Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract on body mass index, lipid profile and fatty liver in obese-hypercholesterolaemic rat model (original) (raw)
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Background: Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Hs; Malvaceae) is commonly known as roselle or red sorrel in English or karkadè in Arabic. It is a tropical plant native to India and Malaysia. Roselle extracts have been widely reported to have beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effective dose of Hs aqueous extract, which is a possible reducing agent in diet-induced obese rats, and monitoring any toxicological effect. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (n= 24) aged 6-7 weeks and weighing 210 ± 3.5 g (mean ± S.E.M) were used. The rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 8 consecutive weeks to induce obesity. The animals were then randomly assigned to one of five groups based on the concentration of Hs aqueous extract. The normal group (NG) received a normal diet (commercial chow) throughout the study. The obese group (ObG) included obese rats administered with tap water ad libitum. Groups 1 (150 mg/kg), 2 (200 mg/kg), 3 (250 mg/kg), and 4 (300 mg/kg) were obese rats continuously fed with HFD in combination with the Hs extract for 10 weeks. The effect of Hs on some haematological and blood biochemical parameters were also evaluated. Results: Hs aqueous extract is a rich source of anthocyanins. The main compounds detected are delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside. The extract also possesses high antioxidant properties which may be caused by these anthocyanins. The anti-obesity effect of Hs aqueous extract was demonstrated by the significant reduction in the weight gain and abdominal weight (p < 0.05) between treated and non-treated groups, which was dose-dependent. Overall, our study demonstrated that oral administration of Hs at doses of 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg for ten weeks did not cause any toxicity effect within the obese rats. Conclusions: The results of the study implied Hs aqueous extract at 300 mg/kg is the dose which can the most weight reduction effect with no severe haematological and biochemical changes in all experimental animals. Keywords: Hibiscus sabdariffa, obese rats, roselle, aqueous extract, and body weight
Effect ofHibiscus sabdariffaextract on high fat diet–induced obesity and liver damage in hamsters
Food & Nutrition Research, 2015
Background: Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with an increase in adipogenesis and often accompanied with fatty liver disease. Objective: In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa water extract (HSE) in vivo. Method: Eight-weeks-old male mice were divided into six groups (n 08 per group) and were fed either normal feed, a high fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with different concentrations of HSE, or HFD supplemented with anthocyanin. After 10 weeks of feeding, all the blood and livers were collected for further analysis. Results: Mesocricetus auratus hamster fed with a high-fat diet developed symptoms of obesity, as determined from their body weight change and from their plasma lipid levels. Meanwhile, HSE treatment reduced fat accumulation in the livers of hamsters fed with HFD in a concentration-dependent manner. Administration of HSE reduced the levels of liver cholesterol and triglycerides, which were elevated by HFD. Analysis of the effect of HSE on paraoxonase 1, an antioxidant liver enzyme, revealed that HSE potentially regulates lipid peroxides and protects organs from oxidation-associated damage. The markers of liver damage such as serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels that were elevated by HFD were also reduced on HSE treatment. The effects of HSE were as effective as treatment with anthocyanin; therefore the anthocyanins present in the HSE may play a crucial role in the protection established against HFD-induced obesity. Conclusions: In conclusion HSE administration constitutes an effective and viable treatment strategy against the development and consequences of obesity.
Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on obesity in MSG mice
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007
The aim of the present investigation was determine whether a standardized Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces aqueous extract has an effect on body weight in an obese animal model induced by the administration of monosodium glutamate. Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous extract, containing 33.64 mg of total anthocyanins per each 120 mg of extract, was orally administered (120 mg/kg/day) for 60 days to healthy and obese mice, and body weight gain, food and liquid intake, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, and triglycerides levels were measured. Hibiscus sabdariffa administration significantly reduced body weight gain in obese mice and increased liquid intake in healthy and obese mice. ALT levels were significantly increased on the 15th and 45th days in obese mice, but AST levels did not show significant changes. Mortality was not observed in the Hibiscus sabdariffa treated groups. Triglycerides and cholesterol levels showed non-significant reductions in animals treated with Hibiscus sabdariffa. Our data confirm the anti-obesity effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa reported by the Mexican population.
Previously, we demonstrated that Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf contains various secondary metabolites including saponins, tannins and oxalates, which are known to possess documented pharmacological activities. In this present study, we investigated the effects of the leaf products on haematological indices, lipid profile and hepatic parameters using Wistar albino rat bioassay. Data suggested that though the haemoglobin counts, packed cell volume and red blood count were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by the leaf products, lipid profile tests results showed that the blood total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) of rats increased on feeding with high fatty diet (HFD). Administration of the leaf products dose-dependently resulted in significant decreases (P < 0.05) in the TC and LDL levels while the high-density lipoprotein level was further increased. Liver function test (LFT) showed no evidence of hepatotoxicity on the administration of the products as assayed liver enzymes and proteins did not vary between HFD administered animals, treated with or without leaf products. Comparatively, dried leaf products had more potent biological activities than the extracted leaf products. These findings suggested that H. rosa-sinensis leaves possess pharmacological potentials for treatment of metabolic syndrome related disease conditions.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2013
Objective: Even with the growing awareness, about 3% of Indian population are obese and worldwide around 1.2 billion people suffer with obesity and those suffer with the related complications might be much higher. Preventing the occurrence of obesity by including certain food substances with antiobesity effect in our regular diet would always be a welcome move. In this context, the ethanolic extracts of Hibiscus cannabinus leaves were examined by in vivo study on high cholesterol diet induced obese female albino rats, since female obesity is prevalent among Indian women. Hibiscus cannabinus is a plant of Malvaceae family, native to southern Asia. Methods: Female wistar rats were divided into five groups. Clinical condition was induced by giving high cholesterol diet and treated with the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus cannabinus leaf. a very common green used in Indian diet. Results: In cholesterol diet induced animals treated with the extracts of H. cannabinus and lovastatin demonstrated a significant decrease in the serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C and also significant decrease in the levels of SGOT and SGPT activities when compared to cholesterol diet induced group. The groups treated with the extracts of H .cannabinus also showed decrease in body weights when compared to cholesterol induced group. The histopathological studies of liver sections of rats showed reversal of changes, and prevent the fat accumulation in the liver of hyperlipidemic group after treatment with H. cannabinus. Conclusion: Results suggested that the ethanolic extracts of H. cannabinus possess significant antiobesity effect which might me attributed by its rich phytochemical presence.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2018
Eighty male albino rats were used to investigate the effects of methanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on body weight, blood cholesterol and liver enzymes markers. Twenty-eight days oral administration of 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of the extract showed a significant (p<0.05) time-dependent decrease in the body weights of all the treated groups when compared with the control, with 100 mg/kg causing significant (p<0.05) decrease at weeks 2 and 4, respectively when compared with other treatment doses. The extract significantly (p>0.05) decreased the serum cholesterol and increased the liver marker enzymes (ALP, ALT and AST) in dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, when compared with the control. However, on day 21, the group treated with 400 mg/kg showed a significant (p<0.05) increase the serum cholesterol, and decrease in liver marker enzymes when compared with the rest of the treatment groups. Histopathology from all the treatment groups revealed graded degrees of vacuolar degeneration of the hepatocytes and peri-portal infiltration of mononuclear leucocytes. The results of this present study suggests that the methanolic calyx extract of H. sabdariffa possesses anti-obesity and hypocholesterolemic potentials which should be harnessed with caution due to its tendency to adversely affect the liver.
International Journal of Indigenous Medicinal Plants, ISSN:2051-4263, Vol.46, Issue.4, 1405 - 1411, 2013
The present study investigated the effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract on the serum cholesterol, body weight and liver marker enzymes activities of normal albino rats. The aqueous extract was orally administered (100 – 800 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days to normal male albino rats. Total cholesterol, body weight, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured. Hibiscus sabdariffa administration significantly reduced serum cholesterol and body weight in a dose and duration dependent pattern. AST, ALP and ALT levels were significantly elevated in a dose and duration dependent pattern. The significant increase in the levels of the liver enzymes tends to suggest dysfunction in the coordinating of the liver activity. The extract ability to lower the total cholesterol level and body weight suggests its usefulness as a hypocholesterolemic and anti-obesity agent.
Eighty male albino rats were used to investigate the effects of methanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on body weight, blood cholesterol and liver enzymes markers. Twenty-eight days oral administration of 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of the extract showed a significant (p<0.05) time-dependent decrease in the body weights of all the treated groups when compared to the control, with 100 mg/kg causing significant (p < 0.05) decrease at week 2 and 4 respectively when compared to other treatment doses. The extract significantly (p>0.05) decreased the serum cholesterol and increased the liver marker enzymes (ALP, ALT & AST) in dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, when compared to the control. However, on day 21, the group treated with 400 mg/kg showed a significant (p<0.05) increase the serum cholesterol, and decrease in liver marker enzymes when compared to the rest of the treatment groups. Histopathology from all the treatment groups revealed graded degrees of vacuolar degeneration of the hepatocytes and peri-portal infiltration of mononuclear leucocytes. The results of this present study suggests that the methanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa possesses anti-obesity and hypocholesterolemic potentials which should be harnessed with caution due to its tendency to adversely affect the liver.
Scientific Reports
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major world-wide health problem and is characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver induced by high fat diet (HFD) consumption. It is usually associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. Roselle extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is an herb which is used in traditional medicine. However, further study is necessary to represent the mechanism of NAFLD and find new preventive strategies. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of roselle extract on NAFLD rat models. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 35) were divided into 5 groups, control, HFD, HFD + Simvastatin (HFD + SIM), HFD + 250 mg/kg BW, and HFD + 500 mg/kg BW of roselle extract (HFD + R250 and HFD + R500, respectively). The results showed that roselle extract reduced hepatic lipid contents, de novo lipogenesis enzymes, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, inflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde, and increased antioxidant properties, ...
The consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa dried calyx ethanolic extract reduced lipid profile in rats
Plant Foods for Human …, 2005
The scientific basis for the statement that plants and their active constituents play an important role in the prevention of chronic and degenerative diseases is continously advancing. The object of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. dried calyx ethanolic extract on the serum lipid profile of Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were fed during 4 weeks with either a basal diet, containing high cholesterol (1%), cholic acid (0.25%), lard oil (10%), or a supplemental diet with H. sabdariffa extract at 5%, 10%, and 15% levels (SD 5 , SD 10 , SD 15 ). Weight gain and faeces dry weight were both very significantly less ( p ≤ 0.01) in SD 10 and SD 15 groups as compared to the control group, as was food efficiency in SD 15 . In the case of SD 10 , food efficiency was only significantly lower ( p ≤ 0.05). Faeces dry weight in SD 5 however, was the only one found to be significantly higher ( p ≤ 0.05). Triacylglycerols and LDL levels were both significantly less ( p ≤ 0.05) in all groups (SD 5 , SD 10 , and SD 15 ) as compared to the control. For total lipids, SD 10 and SD 15 showed significantly lower levels ( p ≤ 0.05), whereas very significant differences ( p ≤ 0.01) were observed in the case of SD 5 . All groups had lower cholesterol levels compared to controls; however, only the SD 5 group was statistically significant ( p ≤ 0.05). No significant results were found in any group in the cases of either phospholipid or HDL levels. A hypothesis of hibiscus acid racemization, (+)-HCA to (−)-HCA, mediated by intestinal flora enzymes possibly explains the significant triacylglycerol decrease in all experimental groups. VLDL, the precursor of LDL, is composed predominantly of triacylglycerols, suggesting that the significant decrease in LDL is related to observed triacylglycerol synthesis inhibition. Five percent H. sabdariffa extract addition showed the best results in the reduction of serum lipids under study conditions.