Comorbidity of Learning Disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Sample of Omani Schoolchildren (original) (raw)
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Saudi medical journal, 2018
To determine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), subtypes of ADHD, and psychiatric, academic, and behavioral comorbidity in public primary school students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A simple random sample of 6 primary government schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, was identified (3 male, 3 female), and a random sample of classes in each of grades 1-6 were selected. Between July and November 2016, teachers in these classes were asked to complete the Vanderbilt ADHD scale on all students in their classes. Results: A total of 929 students were screened. The overall prevalence of ADHD was 5% (5.3% in girls, 4.7% in boys). The most prevalent subtype of ADHD was combined type (2.7%), followed by hyperactive type (1.2%), and inattentive type (1.1%). The highest prevalence of ADHD overall was in grade 3 (7.1%) and the lowest prevalence in grade 6 (3.4%). Among students with ADHD, prevalence of comorbid psychiatric, academ...
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
Despite the rising incidence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there is a dearth of studies examining the rate of school dropout and its correlates in non-Western populations. Medical records were scrutinized to identify Omani children diagnosed with ADHD from 2006 to 2014 in a tertiary care hospital in Oman. The persistence of ADHD symptoms, school performance and dropout, as well as sociodemographic characteristics were examined. Three hundred sixty-seven children fulfilled the diagnosis of ADHD based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) (DSM-IV) criteria and 16.6% of them had dropped out of school. School dropout was associated with poor school performance, comorbid conduct disorder, and parental divorce. This study from Oman concurs with existing literature that school dropout is common among children with ADHD. Concerted efforts are needed to mitigate this trend. Management strategies should incorporate the treatment of com...
Oman medical journal, 2018
Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and specific parental risk factors that may contribute to the development of ADHD in children. Methods The study was conducted in Oman among fourth-grade students (aged nine to 10 years). A standardized Arabic version of the National Initiative for Children's Health Quality Vanderbilt Assessment Scale (Teachers questionnaire) was used to determine the presence of ADHD. Parental factors such as socioeconomic status, education, and occupation were documented. Results The prevalence rate of ADHD was 8.8%. Poor maternal education status, low familial socioeconomic status, and paternal occupation were significantly associated with an increased risk of ADHD. Conclusions This was the first study that examined familial and parental characteristics of children with ADHD as potential risk factors for the condition. Such psychosocial factors could be employed to furth...
Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2016
There is a knowledge gap in primary school teachers that affects their ability to detect attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study measured primary school teachers' knowledge about ADHD, and implemented a training programme to improve early detection of ADHD. The prevalence and risk factors of ADHD were also studied. The training programme was implemented through a 2-day workshop for 39 primary school teachers who completed a validated Arabic version of the ADHD Rating Scale for 873 primary school children. The children's parents completed the questionnaire to explore ADHD risk factors. The teachers' pre-training knowledge scores of ADHD ranged from 17.9 to 46.2%. Post-training, their scores improved significantly to 69.2-94.9%. Prevalence rate of ADHD was 12.60%. On logistic regression, independent predictors of ADHD were female gender, unemployed fathers and rural residence. In conclusion, ADHD is a significant health problem among primary school children in Mansoura, Egypt. Efforts should be made to improve teachers' knowledge about ADHD and control modifiable risk factors.
Cureus, 2023
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired levels of inattention, disorganization and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ADHD among primary school children in Jordan and assess the potential risk factors. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022-2023 on 1563 school children aged six to 12 years. ADHD was assessed using parent and teacher versions of the Conners Rating scale. Risk factors were evaluated through a sociodemographic questionnaire. A p-value set at <.05 was considered statistically significant. Results ADHD prevalence based on parents' and teachers' perspectives was 27.7% and 22.5%, respectively. Males, smoking during pregnancy, low birth weight, low parental education and unemployment, and public schools had increased ADHD rates. Conclusion ADHD presents a major problem among primary school children in Jordan. Early detection, prevention, and management of this disease require parents' and teachers' awareness and risk factor control.
Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2021
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common reasons for visiting psychiatrists and psychologists. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of ADHD and its related risk factors among children at elementary schools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study focused on teachers and parents of 779 elementary students who were selected through stratified cluster random sampling; Conners Parent and Teacher Questionnaires were used to collecting data. The data were analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage), independent samples t-test, Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression. The significant level was set at 0.05. Results: According to teachers’ responses, the prevalence of ADHD among students in elementary schools was 4.4%, whereas parents reported a prevalence of 0.5%. There was a significant relationship between childhood ADHD and marital status of parents, fathers’ smoking habits, previous ex...
Characteristics of ADHD Among Omani Schoolchildren Using DSM-IV: Descriptive Study
Journal of Attention Disorders, 2011
Background: There is a dearth of studies describing the characteristics of ADHD among schoolchildren attending child psychiatry clinics in the Arab world. Most of the previous quests have focused on community surveys or themes that hampered international comparison. Aim: This study screened for the presence of ADHD as well as investigates the psychosocial and educational history relevant for the diagnosis of ADHD among children. Method: Consecutive schoolchildren attending child psychiatric consultations were screened for the presence of ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental disorders (DSM) criteria. Result: A total of 221 schoolchildren suffering from ADHD were identified according to the DSM. The year incidence was 0.16. Males constituted the majority presenting with ADHD. The contribution of consanguinity and a history of acquired brain injury were common features. The majority were attending mainstream education as pharmacotherapy is the only option available for managing ADHD. Conclusion: This study is one of the few from this part of the world using DSM criteria to diagnose ADHD. The implications of the present findings are discussed in the context of the available literature and the specific situation in Oman. (J. of Att. Dis. 2010; XX(X) 1-XX)
Background:- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neglected illness in Arar, Norther area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Objective:- The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of ADHD among primary schools children of Arar city, the capital of the Northern province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods:- A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from the teachers of children who attended 4 randomly selected primary schools in Arar city during the study period. The Conners 10-item Abbreviated Teacher Rating Scale (ATRS) was used. Results:- 85 children fulfilled the stated criteria for ADHD giving a prevalence rate of 27.9%. Conclusion:- The prevalence of ADHD in our setting is 27.9%, which is more than that obtained elsewhere in the world.
European Psychiatry, 2017
The aim of the study was to 1) determine the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among both governmental and private primary Saudi school children, 2) measure the gender difference of ADHD prevalence, and 3) determine any association between the sociodemographic characteristic of the parents of children with ADHD. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study of 1000 primary school children belonging to 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd grade. The selected students were screened by the ADHD rating scale using multistage sampling technique. The first stage was selection of 20 schools from all Riyadh regions by simple randomization. The second stage was choosing children whom serial numbers were multiples of five in each class. The ADHD rating scale was filled by both parents and teachers along with a sociodemographic questionnaire for the parents. Results: The estimated prevalence of ADHD was 3.4%. ADHD manifestations affect boys more than girls. In addition, ADHD was more frequent among children of illiterate mothers. Finally, ADHD was significantly more prevalent among first grade children. Conclusion: This epidemiological study filled the data gap of ADHD prevalence in Riyadh. The study's findings go in line with many nearby and global studies.
This study aimed at identifying the spread of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as its subtypes, in a sample of primary school children in Jeddah, KSA. The implemented tool was the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Scale. This instrument was administered to 2770 students with a range of 6-12 years. The findings of the study reveal that the prevalence of ADHD was estimated to be 11.6%. The subtypes results indicate: a prevalence of 6.3% for ADD, a prevalence of 2.2% for HD. The third type that is the combined hyperactive/ impulsive and inattentive type of ADHD has a prevalence of 3.1%. The results show that there is a difference between ADHD prevalence among elementary school children due to the difference in age. Furthermore, the total prevalence percentage of ADHD for female students was (4.2%). The total prevalence percentage of ADHD for male students was (7.4%). [Moayyad Homidi; Yahia Obaidat and Diala Hamaidi. Prevalence of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder among Primary School Students in Jeddah city, KSA. Life Sci J 2013;10(3):280-285]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 44