Effects of Fe3O4 Nanoparticle Stress on the Growth and Development of Rocket Eruca sativa (original) (raw)
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Molecules, 2021
Sustainable agricultural practices are still essential due to soil degradation and crop losses. Recently, the relationship between plants and nanoparticles (NPs) attracted scientists’ attention, especially for applications in agricultural production as nanonutrition. Therefore, the present research was carried out to investigate the effect of Fe3O4 NPs at low concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 20 mg/L) on three genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings grown in hydroponic conditions. Significant increases in seedling growth, enhanced chlorophyll quality and quantity, and two miRNA expression levels were observed. Additionally, increased genotoxicity was observed in seedlings grown with NPs. Generally, Fe3O4 NPs at low concentrations could be successfully used as nanonutrition for increasing barley photosynthetic efficiency with consequently enhanced yield. These results are important for a better understanding of the potential impact of Fe3O4 NPs at low concentrations in agricul...
Scientific Reports
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) on the germination of sunflower seeds, early growth of seedlings and the concentration of selected elements in seedlings. The influence of constant magnetic fields in systems with and without Fe-NPs was investigated. Experiments were done on seeds subjected to germination under constant magnetic field (0 (control), 5, 25 and 120 mT) for 7 days in the presence of solution containing 0, 50 or 500 ppm Fe-NPs. No significant effect of Fe-NPs and the magnetic field on germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings has been demonstrated. In most cases, a decrease in germination parameters was observed. For the majority of samples the relative decrease in the concentrations of elements was demonstrated mainly for samples without Fe-NPs. Interestingly, a significant decrease in the concentrations of trivalent (including iron - Fe) and toxic elements in samples containing Fe-NPs in relation to control sa...
Physio-biochemical and ultrastructural impact of (Fe3O4) nanoparticles on tobacco
BMC Plant Biology
Background: Because of their broad applications in our life, nanoparticles are expected to be present in the environment raising many concerns about their possible adverse effects on the ecosystem of plants. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different sizes and concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles [(Fe 3 O 4) NPs] on morphological, physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural parameters in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum var.2 Turkish). Results: Lengths of shoots and roots of 5 nm-treated plants were significantly decreased in all nanoparticle-treated plants compared to control plants or plants treated with any concentration of 10 or 20 nm nanoparticles. The photosynthetic rate and leaf area were drastically reduced in 5 nm (Fe 3 O 4) NP-treated plants of all concentrations compared to control plants and plants treated with 10 or 20 nm (Fe 3 O 4) NPs. Accumulation of sugars in leaves showed no significant differences between the control plants and plants treated with iron oxide of all sizes and concentrations. In contrast, protein accumulation in plants treated with 5 nm iron oxide dramatically increased compared to control plants. Moreover, light and transmission electron micrographs of roots and leaves revealed that roots and chloroplasts of 5 nm (Fe 3 O 4) NPs-treated plants of all concentrations were drastically affected. Conclusions: The size and concentration of nanoparticles are key factors affecting plant growth and development. The results of this study demonstrated that the toxicity of (Fe 3 O 4) NPs was clearly influenced by size and concentration. Further investigations are needed to elucidate more about NP toxicity in plants, especially at the molecular level.
Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2016
We have studied the genotoxic and apoptotic potential of ferric oxide nanoparticles (Fe 2 O 3-NPs) in Raphanus sativus (radish). Fe 2 O 3-NPs retarded the root length and seed germination in radish. Ultrathin sections of treated roots showed subcellular localization of Fe 2 O 3-NPs, along with the appearance of damaged mitochondria and excessive vacuolization. Flow cytometric analysis of Fe 2 O 3-NP (1.0 mg/mL) treated groups exhibited 219.5%, 161%, 120.4% and 161.4% increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), nitric oxide (NO) and Ca 2+ influx in radish protoplasts. A concentration dependent increase in the antioxidative enzymes glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) has been recorded. Comet assay showed a concentration dependent increase in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stand breaks in Fe 2 O 3-NP treated groups. Cell cycle analysis revealed 88.4% of cells in sub-G1 phase apoptotic phase, suggesting cell death in Fe 2 O 3-NP (2.0 mg/mL) treated group. Taking together, the genotoxicity induced by Fe 2 O 3-NPs highlights the importance of environmental risk associated with improper disposal of nanoparticles (NPs) and radish can serve as a good indicator for measuring the phytotoxicity of NPs grown in NP-polluted environment.
BJSTR, 2021
Rapid developments and advancements in the field of nanotechnology by every passing day continuously add up engineered nanoparticles in our existing system which itself has a remarkable contribution in the pharmaceutical sciences, biofuel industry, plant biotechnology, electronics, nanomedicine, cosmetics, and various other domains. In this review article, we pronounce on the importance of nanoparticles in the development and growth of plants, highlighting their advantageous and detrimental side impacts. These impacts have been evaluated utilizing cytogenic studies on plants, by researching the influence of carbon nanotubes on plant growth and by studying the gene delivery procedure deploying mesoporous silica nanoparticles as transporter or as biomolecule delivery vehicles. On the other hand, when the concentration of nanomaterials remains unchecked, then nanomaterials would undoubtedly produce toxicity up to a dangerous level. It may show negative effects like decreased plant growth, adverse effects on human health and environment, reduced chlorophyll synthesis etc. Nanoparticles may pose harmful and beneficial effects on plant health which may vary from specie to specie along with the NPs concentration and its type used.
A Comprehensive Review of Nanoparticles Induced Stress and Toxicity in Plants
Universal Journal of Green Chemistry
Increasing demand for engineered Nanomaterial (ENMs) that have been widely applied in plant systems, for the improvement of quality, development, growth, nutritive value, and gene preservation. The uptake, translocation, biotransformation, and the associated perils of application of Nanomaterial in the crops demand a much deeper understanding of the biochemical, physiological, and molecular mechanisms of the florae in relation to nanoparticles (NPs). Interaction between different plant parts and NPs resulted in various changes in physiology, morphology, and genotoxicity, indicating positive as well as negative feedback by NMs over the various mechanisms of the plants and their species. NMs may open new and safer opportunities for smart delivery of biomolecules and new strategies in plant genetic engineering, with the final aim to enhance plant defense and/or stimulate plant growth and development and, ultimately, crop production. This review summarizes the current understanding and ...
Ecotoxicology, 2019
We investigated the effects of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) that has been widely used for groundwater remediation on a terrestrial crop, Medicago sativa (Alfalfa), and comprehensively addressed its development and growth in soil culture. Root lengths, chlorophyll, carbohydrate and lignin contents were compared, and no physiological phytotoxicity was observed in the plants. In the roots, using an omics-based analytical, we found evidence of OH radical-induced cell wall loosening from exposure to nZVI, resulting in increased root lengths that were approximately 1.5 times greater than those of the control. Moreover, germination index (GI) was employed to physiologically evaluate the impact of nZVI on germination and root length. In regard to chlorophyll concentration, nZVI-treated alfalfa exhibited a higher value in 20-day-old seedlings, whereas the carbohydrate and lignin contents were slightly decreased in nZVI-treated alfalfa. Additionally, evidence for translocation of nZVI into plant tissues was also found. Vibrating sample magnetometry on shoots revealed the translocation of nZVI from the root to shoot. In this study, using an edible crop as a representative model, the potential impact of reactive engineered nanomaterials that can be exposed to the ecosystem on plant is discussed.
3 Biotech, 2019
Contamination of agricultural land by chromium (Cr) can inhibit physiological and biochemical processes in plants, leading to reduced crop productivity and food/feed safety. Owing to their fine size, large surface area, and high adsorption affinity for metals, nanomaterials have shown a potential for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. Nanomaterials enhance fitness of plants under metal stress through their modifying effects on plant physiology and biochemistry. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) plants grown in soil spiked with hexavalent chromium (Cr IV; 0, 75 and 150 ppm) and the potential role of nano-zerovalent iron (Fe 0 nanoparticles; 0, 1 and 2%) to ameliorate Cr toxicity. Results revealed that the Cr uptake decreased by increasing the concentration of Fe 0 nanoparticles, causing a significant enhancement in plant morphological and physiological attributes. Treatment with Fe 0 nanoparticles reduced bioaccumulation factor (BAF) (in both root and shoot tissues) and translocation factor (TF); however, the magnitude of BAF and TF decreased significantly by increasing the level of Cr(VI). Chromium stress increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, which further increased by Fe 0 nanoparticle application, resulting in improved growth traits. A significant positive correlation was found between growth, BAF and TF of seedlings treated with Fe 0 nanoparticles (both 1 and 2%) upon Cr exposure (75 and 150 ppm). The results demonstrated the potential of Fe 0 nanoparticles to improve performance of sunflower plants under Cr toxicity through reducing their Cr uptake, which was accompanied by enhanced activity of detoxification enzymes (SOD, CAT, POX, and APX) in cells.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the phototoxic effects of sunlight pre-irradiated/nonirradiated TiO2, TiSiO4 nanoparticles and TiO2 bulk powder to Vigna radiata seedlings. Methods: Different concentrations (0.05, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 g/l) of nano/bulk particles were applied to the germinated seedlings for 24 h and various biochemical end points were assessed. The end points were superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content. Results: The irradiated nano TiO2 was more phototoxic to the seedlings as compared to both the non-irradiated nano TiO2 as well as the irradiated/nonirradiated TiO2 bulk powder, as revealed by the increased level of antioxidant enzymes activity in irradiated TiO2 nanoparticles treated group. Toxicity in nano TiO2 group was more confined to the lowest concentration (0.05 g/l). Proline, a well-recognized stress biomarker, was found to increase in all the irradiated as well as the non-irradiated groups in a dose dependent manner (0.20 to 1.0 g/l), offering a different mechanism of toxicity from that of antioxidative enzymes. TiSiO4 nanoparticles were not found to be phototoxic significantly under either exposure conditions. Conclusion: The seedlings of the three treatment groups responded variably to the stress biomarkers, indicating that the mode of action of the nanoparticles to the plant was different from that of the bulk particles in irradiated and non-irradiated conditions and was governed by more than a single factor.
2016
Biotechnology and nanobiotechnology combined may result in rapid and significant progress in the area of agricultural industry for their efficient delivery and production of abundant nutritious food. Nanotechnology, the vast field of 21 century, has a very significant impact on world’s economy, industry, and people’s life. It deals with the physical, chemical, and biological properties of matter considered at nanoscale and their implications for the welfare of world population. The continual use of engineered metal oxide nanoparticles in agriculture, including in various consumer applications, will undoubtedly contaminate the environment, potentially impacting the agriculture and food/feed quality, and may pose unknown risk to human health and safety. The world agriculture is facing many challenges like climate change, urbanization, sustainable use of natural resources, and environmental issues like runoff, and accumulation of pesticides, inorganic fertilizers, etc. These problems a...