Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii from aborted fetuses of sheep, goats and cattle in Bangladesh (original) (raw)
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Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in aborted fetuses of goats in Chattogram, Bangladesh
Veterinary World, 2021
Background and Aim: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that is responsible for the major cause of congenital diseases, abortion, and stillbirth in humans and farm animals. Primary infection in pregnant goats due to T. gondii leads to abortion and significant economic losses in the livestock industry. Moreover, very few studies have been performed for the identification of T. gondii from aborted fetuses of goats. The study was conducted for the molecular identification of Toxoplasma gondii from aborted fetuses of goats in Chattogram, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: Twenty aborted fetuses of goats were collected from 52 farms in the study area. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the B1 gene was performed, and a positive sample yield of 197 bp amplified DNA products consistent with T. gondii. Results: The overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in the aborted fetus of goats was 35.0%. Heart muscle, liver, brain, and placenta showed positive PCR results. The risk factors related to the does age, presence of cats in farms, and aborted fetus age were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Our results showed that T. gondii is a major possible causal factor for abortion and reproductive failure in goats. The high prevalence of T. gondii infection in aborted fetuses of goats revealed that T. gondii could be imperative in causing reproductive failure in goats. Conclusion: Active or congenital toxoplasmosis was shown by the presence of T. gondii in fetal tissues, which is a matter of concern as this parasite has zoonotic significance and causes economic hazards to the livestock industry by causing various reproductive problems. Therefore, proper control measures and strategies are needed to reduce the rate of abortion in goats, ultimately saving the livestock industry.
Veterinary Medicine International
Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that infects warm-blooded animals as well as humans worldwide. The purpose of this study was to delineate the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in aborted fetuses of sheep in North Khorasan province, Iran. Three hundred and ninety-nine samples of the liver (133 samples), placenta (133 samples), and brain (133 samples) from 133 aborted fetuses of sheep were collected from 2015 to 2017. The ages of aborted fetuses were higher than 120 days’ gestational age in this study. According to the samples, sixteen out of 133 aborted fetuses of sheep were infected with T. gondii. Toxoplasma DNA was found in the placenta (68.75%) and liver (31.25%) samples of infected fetuses using the PCR method. The highest and lowest rates of Toxoplasma infection were observed during 2016 and 2017, respectively. Shirvan and Faruj provinces were recognized as the two most infected districts among others. There was a significant differenc...
Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in the slaughter sheep and goats from North India
Veterinary parasitology, 2017
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that infects almost all the warm blooded animals, including human beings. The disease usually remains asymptomatic but is a serious concern for pregnant women, developing foetus and immuno-compromised individuals. We collected 400 cardiac/skeletal muscle tissue samples from slaughter sheep (177) and goat (223) intended for human consumption from Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Chandigarh states/union territory in North India. The samples were pepsin-HCl digested and DNA was extracted from all the digested samples. Nested-PCR was carried out to amplify 580bp and 531bp bands with external and internal sets of primers specific for B1 gene of T. gondii. Molecularly, six (1.5%) isolates of T. gondii were detected. In PCR, T. gondii DNA were detected from 1.69% and 1.34% of the sheep and goat samples, respectively. Three PCR amplified products were sequenced in both the directions and readable sequences were obtained. Due to a low level of...
Journal of Wasit for Science and Medicine, 2023
Toxoplasma gondii is one of the obligatory intracellular protozoan parasites that are important and widespread in all developing or developed countries. It infects all nucleated cells of warm-blooded animals. This study used the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), real-time quantitative polymerases chain reactions (RT-qPCR) for detecting the T. gondii in blood and placental tissues, in addition to the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique to determine the genotypes/strains of T. gondii in Maysan province. The study included 40 participating women, distributed as 22 aborted women and 18 without abortion. The LFIA detected that the seropositive rate of anti-T. gondii IgG is 38.9 % and with the using RT-qPCR technique, the infection rate is 10 % and 0.0 % among placenta and sera. it also, showed that 85.7 % of all T. gondii infections are found in aborted women, compared with 14.3 % without abortion. In contrast, it showed that 63.6 % of T. gondii seronegative are women without abortion, compared to 36.4 % among aborted women. The PCR-RFLP technique has identified the main three genotypes "I, II, and III" of T. gondii in Ammara city, and showed that genotype "I" is the most frequent at 50% (6/12) than genotypes II, 4/12 (33.33 %), and III, 2/12 (16.67 %).
Veterinary Parasitology, 2010
A real-time PCR (rt-PCR) targeting the 529-bp repeat element (RE) of Toxoplasma gondii was used to detect and quantify the parasite burden in maternal and foetal tissues in 18 seronegative ewes infected with 3000 toxoplasma oocysts on day 90 of pregnancy. The infected ewes were sacrificed in groups of 4-6 at 21, 25, 33 and 35 days post-challenge. Ten sham inoculated pregnant ewes were used as controls. T. gondii was not detected in the control ewes or their foeti. The parasite was only detected in the maternal tissues in a few of the challenged ewes on a small number of occasions where it was identified in spleen and uterine lymph nodes. T. gondii was detected in the foetal spleen and liver at the early sacrifice times but only sporadically thereafter. In the case of amniotic, allantoic and foetal aqueous humor samples T. gondii was only detected on a small number of occasions. However, it was found in the majority of the foetal lung and placentome samples throughout the study period, while placentomes and foetal brains contained high levels of the parasite during the later stages. Histopathological examination of placentome and brain tissue from the foeti in the present study revealed a strong correlation between histopathological lesions and quantities of the parasite DNA detected. These results indicate that the cotyledonary component of the foetal membranes is the sample of choice for the diagnosis of T. gondii by rt-PCR, followed by foetal lung and brain.
Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2022
The present study aimed to assess enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nested-polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR) methods based on B1 gene for the detection of Toxoplasma (T.) gondii in the blood and milk of local Iraqi goats. The SAG3 gene was also used to identify the genotyping of T. gondii in goats and aborted women in Iraq. A total of 240 (80 blood, 80 sera, 80 milk) lactating goats and 30 blood samples from aborted women were included in this study. A total of 17 (21.2%) infected goats were found in blood samples and 23 (28.7%) in milk samples when using n-PCR, while the numbers were 23 (28.7%) and 17 (21.2%) when using ELISA. Aborted women had an overall infection rate of 50% when using ELISA and 33% when using n-PCR. The degree of agreement between n-PCR in milk and blood was almost perfect (Kappa=0.801), with a sensitivity of 100 and a specificity of 90.5, while there was a slight degree of agreement (Kappa=0.14) between n-PCR and ELISA in blood, with 58.8 sensitivity and 74.6 specificity. The results of the comparison between n- PCR in blood and ELISA in milk showed positive samples of 17 (21.2%) for each, with 82.4 sensitivity and 22.2 specificity, and no agreement (Kappa=–0.046). Sequencing of the SAG3 gene of T. gondii from goat and human isolates showed that the similarity ranged from 98.65–99.90% for genotypes I and III. In conclusion, n-PCR may be more accurate than ELISA for detecting T. gondii in blood and milk. In addition, the phylogenetic tree's evidence of a high degree of similarity between human and goat isolates provides further evidence that goats are an important reservoir of T. gondii and that public awareness is necessary
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2017
BACKGROUND: The parasitic protozoa Toxoplasma gondii is widely prevalent in humans and warm-blooded animals. Humans are usually infected with T. gondii by ingesting oocysts shed by cats or by ingesting viable tissue cysts present in raw or undercooked meat. OBJECTIVES: This preliminary study was conducted to assess the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection in tissue samples of ewes slaughtered in Khorramabad, west of Iran. METHODS: We examined the brain tissue, diaphragm, tongue and masseter muscles of 30 ewes. A nested-PCR which targets the 25–50 copies of B1 sequence has been used for tissue samples. RESULTS: The parasite was identified in 21 brain samples (70%) and 8 muscle samples (26.6%). Twenty-three sheep (76.6%) were infected with T. gondii. CONCLUSION: T. gondii is might be considered as one of the major causes of ovine abortion in this region. According to the result, edible parts of sheep may play a greater role as a source of infection for individuals living in this a...
Abstract A total of 193 sera samples, along with tissues (lung, heart, and brain) collected from 136 sheep and 57 goats from the Corporation slaughter house, Madras Veterinary College teaching hospital, and private mutton shops from Chennai were tested for Toxoplasma gondii. All the sera samples were tested using modified direct agglutination test. Of the 193 sera samples, 57 (29.5 %) had a minimum titre of 1:20, with 30.14 % (41/136) of sheep and 28.07 % (16/57) of goats being seropositive. Tissue samples from all 193 animals, when subjected to B1 based PCR to detect T. gondii DNA, showed 3.67 and 3.50 % to be positive in sheep and goats, respectively. In the present investigation B1 based PCR detected T. gondii in low numbers, possibly due to limitation of the sample size. The presence of T. gondii in tissues of sheep and goats slaughtered for human consumption in Chennai indicates the role of these food animals as potential sources of infection to human.
Detection of Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii from Iranian Native Cattle
iicbe, 2014
Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent worldwide in animals and humans. T. gondii is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, one of the most prevalent parasitic infections to humans and domestic animals. The disease occurs throughout the world and also in Iran. The present study aimed to determine of T. gondii isolates from native cattle in south west Iran by molecular methods. In this study, 155 blood samples were collected and genomic DNA was extracted using DNA extraction Kit (Cinna Gen, Iran) according to the manufacturer protocol and PCR was performed using specific primers (ITS-F and ITS-R). Sixteen (6.95%) cattle were positive to T. gondii infection. The positive control samples showed the excepted amplification product specific for T. gondii (171 bp).The results present showed low prevalence of T.gondii infection in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari native cattle. In our opinion control and eradication programs for prevent of prevalence this infection factor and also economic losses are necessary.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in goats and sheep of district Mardan, Pakistan
This study was carried out in order to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats and sheep of District Mardan, Pakistan. Indirect Haemagglutination Test (IHA) was used for detection of T. gondii antibodies in sera. Out of 350 goats 148 (42.28%) were detected positive for T.gondii antibodies. The prevalence in male and female goats were 39 (26%) and 109 (54.5%) respectively. Goats of age ≥ 2 years had the highest seroprevalence (54.44%) followed by those of 1-2 years old (33.33%) and those ≤ 1 year old (20%). Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 128 out of 290 examined sheep (44.13%). A total of 55 (45.83%) out of 10 male sheep were detected seropositive for T. gondii infection and 73 (42.94%) out of 170 female sheep were detected seropositive. High prevalence of T. gondii was seen in female as compared to male sheep. Among the examined sheep, those which were ≥ 2 year old had the highest infection (66.66%) followed by 1-2 year old (36.36%) and ≤ 1 year old (13.33%). The seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies was higher in all goats and sheep with titer ranging from 1:80 to 1:160. The infection rate in sheep was higher as compared to goats. The results of the present study indicate that T. gondii infection is very common in goats and sheep of District Mardan, Pakistan, which may be a risk factor for public health in this area because goats and sheep are the intermediate hosts of T. gondii. Proper control strategies and suitable measures should be carried out in this region, in order to minimize the risk of exposure of human population to T. gondii infection.