Phytochemical evaluation and anti-tuberculosis activity of selected nine ethnomedicinal plants (original) (raw)
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Potential of plant extracts against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: an integrative review
Peer Review, 2023
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the main cause of tuberculosis. For decades, new forms of treatment and new ways of dealing with the growing resistance acquired by this bacterium to first-line drugs have been studied. Medicinal plants are a source of new bioactive compounds with antimicrobial potential. Objective: to investigate which plant species have already been tested and which main secondary metabolites are active against MTB. Methodology: an integrative review that included in vitro experimental studies, carried out around the world, that used medicinal plant extracts to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity by microdilution, with identification of major compounds, against MTB, between 2011 and 2021, the Web of Science and PubMed were used and the descriptors "medicinal plants AND against AND MTB". Results: 20 species of plants with antimycobacterial activities were found. Four stood out with MIC<10 µg/mL. The variety of secondary metabolites was determinant for antimycobacterial activity, highlighting alkaloids, terpenes and phenolic compounds. Conclusion: the number of secondary metabolites obtained in the extraction is decisive in the antimycobacterial activity.
against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, its antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity. Methods: Acacia catechu (L.) Willd (Root extract) and Ailanthus excelsa Roxb., leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos Corr., Andrographis paniculata Nees. and Datura metel L. were sequentially extracted in water, ethanol, chloroform and hexane and evaluated for their anti-tuberculosis (TB) activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using agar diffusion assay. The zone of inhibition ( at 20 and 40 mg/ml) was measured and MIC were calculated. The results were compared with Rifampicin as a standard anti TB drug. The extracts were also evaluated for DPPH and OH radical scavenging activities to understand their antioxidant potential. MTT based cytotoxicity assay was used for evaluating cytotoxicity of the selected samples against Chang liver cells. Results: The selected botanicals were sequentially extracted in water, ethanol, chloroform and hexane and tested for growth inhibition of M. tuberculosi. The hexane extract of A. catechu root and ethanol extract of A. paniculata leaf showed promising activity against M. tuberculosis while remaining extracts showed moderate anti TB activity. The samples were found to possess considerable DPPH and OH radical scavenging activities with no demonstrable cytotoxicity against Chang liver cells. Conclusions: Five traditional medicinal plants were selected for the present study. The selection of medicinal plants was based on their traditional usage for the treatment of tuberculosis, asthma and chronic respiratory diseases. Herein we report for the first time, the anti TB activity of root extracts of Acacia catechu and Ailanthus excelsa while leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata, Aegle marmelos and Datura metel. The study holds importance in the midst of multi drug resistance (MDR) crisis in the TB management, since it unravels the scientific basis of use of these plant species for the management of TB and related disorders which will be usefu
Anti-tuberculosis activity of commonly used medicinal plants of south India
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011
Tuberculosis (TB) has been a major health problem in developing countries including India. Due to increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, there is an urgent need of finding newer anti-mycobacterial agents to combat this problem. Natural sources provide numerous examples of interesting secondary metabolites with anti mycobacterial activity, indicating that natural products could be a rewarding field for the discovery of new anti-TB leads. In the present study, aqueous extracts and ethanolic extracts of selected medicinal plants used as spices (Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Syzygium aromaticum, Cinnamomum verum) were observed to have anti-TB activity against M. tuberculosis H37Ra and (Zingiber officinale, Camellia sinensis, Curcuma longa, Elettaria cardamomum) had poor/no activity against M. tuberculosis H37Ra. The growth and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (µg/ml) in which the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of medicinal plants inhibits M. tuberculosis H37Ra by microplate Alamar blue assay (MABA) method after 7 days of incubation at 37°C were reco rded, and according to our results, A. sativum, A. cepa, S. aromaticum, C. verum could be used as adjuvant therapy for TB.
In-Vitro anti-tuberculosis activity of selected ethnomedicinal plants
International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2016
Tuberculosis holds one of the top places on the list of the main cause of death in India. At times, the patients fail to respond to treatment with anti-Tb drugs, drug resistance being one of the reasons. The increasing incidence of MDR and XDR-TB, highlight the urgent need to search for newer anti-Tb drugs. So, the present aim to carry out the evaluation of the anti-Tb activity of selected ethnomedicinal plants. Three different extracts were prepared and evaluated for anti-Tb activity on Mycobacterium smegmatis using cup and bore method. Isoniazid and Rifampicin were used as standard drug. The zone of inhibition was taken to assess antitubercular activity. Among tested all plants Tulsi, Vasaka and Rasna shows potent antituberculosis activity. Thus, its result supports the uses of these plants in traditional medicine and can be further studied using more specific methods for anti-Tb activity.
Antibiotics
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and a significant health concern worldwide. The main threat to the elimination of TB is the development of resistance by MTB to the currently used antibiotics and more extended treatment methods, which is a massive burden on the health care system. As a result, there is an urgent need to identify new, effective therapeutic strategies with fewer adverse effects. The traditional medicines found in South Asia and Africa have a reservoir of medicinal plants and plant-based compounds that are considered another reliable option for human beings to treat various diseases. Abundant research is available for the biotherapeutic potential of naturally occurring compounds in various diseases but has been lagging in the area of TB. Plant-based compounds, or phytoproducts, are being investigated as potential anti-mycobacterial agents by reducing bacterial burden or modulating the immune system, thereby mi...
Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 2011
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a devastating disease worldwide in the 21 st Century and it is believed that one third of the World's populations are infected. 22 Countries are responsible for over 80% of the global TB burden, Nigeria is rank 4 th and have the highest burden in Africa. A number of anti tuberculosis drugs are ineffective against this disease due to the emergence of resistance strains. As part of the effort in developing a new anti tuberculosis agent, we decided to interact with traditional medicine practitioners of the Plateau region on their approach to the management of TB. A total of fourteen (14) plants representing nine families were identified as the most often used plants to manage TB symptoms in the region. The plants materials were extracted using 70% aq. methanol and the extracts obtained after concentration were screened against BCG. The results of the assay showed that 56% of the plants screened had MICs within the range of 800µg/ml to 2000µg/ml and as such had antimycobacterial activity. These plants are potential sources for herbal drugs for exhibiting these strong inhibitory properties and could also provide leads to tuberculosis drug development.
Antitubercular activities of five Medicinal Plants against Two Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2013
Summary The antitubercular properties of aqueous methanol extracts of five plant were evaluated in vitro on Middlebrook 7H11 medium against two strains (clinical and H37Rv) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis simultaneously and observed for 12 weeks. Rifampicin and isoniazid were used as positive controls. Of the five plant extracts screened against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain, Hibiscus sabdariffa (calyx) was the most active with MIC value of 3.125 mg/mL. The M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain was susceptible to rifampicin and isoniazid at MIC value of 0.04 mg/mL and 5.0 x 10 -5 mg/mL, respectively. The aqueous methanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa (calyx), Musa nana (leaf) and Psidium guajava (stembark) had the highest inhibitory activity against M. tuberculosis clinical strain with an MIC of 0.025 mg/mL. An inhibition of growth by these plant extracts was observed in both M. tuberculosis clinical and H37Rv strains. This confirms their ethnomedicinal use of the plants for the management of ...
Archives of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 2014
Background: Medicinal plants have been used traditionally in Golestan province (north of Iran), against Mycobacterium tuberculosis or the clinical signs of tuberculosis (TB). Objectives: This study aimed to define the inhibitory effects of ethanolic extracts of six of these medicinal plants against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: Peganum harmala (seed extract), Punica granatum (peel extract), Digitalis sp. (leaf extract), fruit extract of Citrus lemon, Rosa canina and Berberis vulgaris were extracted in ethanol and their activity against M. tuberculosis isolates were determined by the agar diffusion method. The zone of inhibition (at 200 to 1.6 mg/mL) was measured and the results were compared with isoniazid and rifampin as standard positive controls. Also the concentration of vitamin C of each the extracts was evaluated. Results: The ethanolic extract of Peganum harmala seed and Punica granatum peel exhibited potential activity against all M. tuberculosis isolates with mean inhibitory zone of 18.7 and 18.8 mm, at 200 mg/mL concentration. The mean inhibitory zone around isoniazid and rifampinwere 19.2 and 18.8 mm. Ethanolic extract of Citrus lemon showed moderate inhibitory activity only against sensitive (non MDR; non multi drug resistant) strains of M. tuberculosis, and Digitalis sp. showed inhibitory effects on five isolates. Ascorbic acid content was 43.3 mg/dL in Punica granatum and Digitalis sp. and only 9.1 mg/dL in ethanolic extract of Peganum harmala. Conclusions: The highest content of vitamin C was observed in the extract of Punica granatum, which was observed to be highly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, while the P. harmala must have contained other phytochemical constituents that contributed to the anti-tuberculosis effects of this plant. Our findings showed that ethanolic extracts of P. granatum and P. harmala had anti-TB effects comparable to isoniazid and rifampin and can be good candidates for novel and safe natural products against tuberculosis.
International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2021
Global Tuberculosis (TB) control is facing major challenges such as occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR). The current TB drugs are getting less effective and associated with side effects limiting their use, especially with MDR and XDR infected patients. In Mali, many medicinal plants are used against various diseases including bacterial infections. The study aimed at studying the antimycobacterial activities of 60 extracts from 22 Malian medicinal. The antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv was assessed employing micro-broth dilution method. Out of 60 extracts evaluated, eleven from nine different plants were found to be active against H37Rv strain. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranked from 125 μg/mL to 1250 μg/mL. The most active extracts (125 μg/mL) were represented by ethanolic extract of Saba senegalensis and Vitellaria paradoxa leaves, dichloromethane extract of Cola cordifolia leaves, ...
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global burden with one -third of the world's population infected with the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and annually 1.4 million deaths occur due to the disease. This high incidence of infection and the increased rate of multi-drug resistant and extensively-drug resistant strains of the organism further complicated the problem of TB control and have called for an urgent need to develop new anti-TB drugs from plants. In this study, the in vitro activity of root of Calpurnia aurea, seeds of Ocimum basilicum, leaves of Artemisia abyssinica, Croton macrostachyus, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis were evaluated against M. tuberculosis and M. bovis strains.