Eventual voluntary motivation in sports: The F1 case (original) (raw)
Related papers
Volunteers Motivations in Brazillian´s Mega Sporting Events: Similar or Different?
Revista Organizações em Contexto, 2023
Identifying volunteer motivation is fundamental to the management of this segment in sporting events. Therefore, this present article aimed to identify if there are differences among volunteer motivation between two mega sporting events held in Brazil. The empiric part of this article had the lócus of Formula 1 Grand Prix held in Interlagos in the city of São Paulo in the year 2018 and the Olympic Games held in Rio de Janeiro in 2016. Data for this research have been collected using a questionnaire based upon the theoretical model of Bang and Chelladurai (2009) and Bang et al. (2009). It used the quantitative research method, encompassing the application of 600 forms to the volunteers involved in the events, with 400 in the Olympics and 200 in the Formula 1. The research showed that motivations are different, depending upon the type of sporting event held in Brazil. The more specific the sporting event, in the case of Formula 1, the more is the affinity shown by the volunteer with the event, contributing, above all in the withholding of these volunteers.
Analyzing Motivation Factors for NASCAR Spectators with Self-Determination Theory
American Journal of Sports Science, 2019
Research in consumer motivation might ignore auto racing sport that features the number one of fan attendance for single sport event in America. What would be the explicit motives to push individuals themselves or the incentives to pull the spectators with attractive benefits of NASCAR events? If motives exist among the NASCAR fans, would there be a need to discover them with an appropriate measurement tool? This study was conducted to explore specific motives of NASCAR spectators, and develop valid and reliable instrument underlying motivational theories. Participants (N = 650) voluntarily responded to Inventory of Motivation for Auto Racing Spectators (IMARS) in a NASCAR event. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses were utilized to explore and confirm the 5-factor (Affiliation, Experience, Gratification, Socialization, and Substance) model with 15 indicators. The statistical analyses revealed acceptable goodness fit indexes of IMARS by the observed data (X 2 /df = 3/63, GFI = .95, CFI = .92, IFI = .91, RMSR = .036). The validities and internal consistency reliability were examined with satisfactory results. The essential motives were explored in this study and a reliable instrument for utility of NASCAR marketing professionals was produced. The study provided quantitative evidences to support the motivation theories and enriched spectator motivation in sport motivation literatures.
Eventual Voluntary Motivation in Sports in Youth School Games in Brazil
HOLOS
This article aims to identify motivational factors in possible volunteers who are involved in sporting events here in Brazil. The empirical data was collected based on the theoretical model of Bang and Chelladurai (2009) that began the development of the theoretical basis in the Olympic Games of Athens 2004. One quantitative research method was used by applying 167 question forms filled out by volunteers involved in the Youth Games. The research showed that the main motivational factors for sports in Paraíba are related to the following variables, in this order: expression of values, love of sports and interpersonal contacts. It was observed that the motivational, extrinsic variable was less relevant for the volunteers.
Sport fans ’ motivations : an investigation of Romanian soccer spectators
2011
The purpose of the present study was to add to the existing spectator motivations literature (e.g. Kim, Greenwell, Andrew, Lee & Mahony, 2008; Won and Kitamura 2007; Trail and James 2001; Funk, Mahony, Nakazawa, and Hirakawa 2001) by investigating the buyer motivations of Romanian sport fans. In response to the suggestions of earlier researchers concerning new research that spans across different countries and cultures, the present study seeks to explore sports fans’ motivations in Romania. To respond to sport consumers and develop effective communication strategies requires marketers to investigate spectator motivations to better understand this type of buyer behavior. The present study investigated the motivations of Romanian sport fans toward soccer by adopting and reinterpreting scales of earlier studies. The investigative procedures were very similar to those reported in earlier research (e.g. Kim, Greenwell, Andrew, Lee & Mahony, 2008; Won and Kitamura, 2007; Trail and James, ...
Sport Participation Motives of Young Brazilian Athletes 1
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2013
The objective of this study was to identify the motives for sport participation in a sample of young Brazilian athletes according to sex, age, and training history. A total of 1,517 participants (714 girls, 803 boys) ages 12 to 18 years were included in the study. The Portuguese version of the Participation Motivation Questionnaire was used to identify motives for sport participation. The most important motives were Skill Development and Fitness, whereas the least important were Fun and Achievement/Status. Sex, age, type of sport, onset of training, duration of training, training volume, and competitive experience signifi cantly infl uenced the motives for sport participation reported by the athletes. These results will contribute to establish intervention programs designed to reduce sport dropout rates among young athletes.
This study tested the applicability of the Sport Fan Motivation Scale (SFMS) developed by Wann (1995) in the Israeli soccer setting. The study examined whether the scale can be applied to soccer specifically, not just to sport in general. It also tested the predictive validity of the SFMS by developing a scale of participation in soccer activities and examined several hypotheses regarding its relationship to the SFMS. The sample consisted of 327 high school students in the north of Israel (an 86% response rate). The findings showed that the SFMS predicted a significant amount of variance of participation in soccer activities. Results of regression analyses showed that eustress (positive stress), self-esteem, group, and aesthetic motivations were strongly related to active participation in soccer activities. Entertainment, self-esteem, and economic motivations were strongly related to passive participation in soccer activities. The findings are discussed in terms of their conceptual and practical contributions. Sport has become a major attraction within the leisure and tourism industries. Hence, studies of the motivation behind participation in sport and leisure activities are of increasing interest to both sport professionals and members of the tourist and leisure industries who are interested in sport and leisure planning and marketing development (Recours, Souville, & Griffet, 2004). Social science research on sport distinguishes three dimensions of sport involvement: the behavioral dimension, the cognitive dimension, and the tendency dimension (Snyder & Spreitzer, 1973). Each of these dimensions can include more than one type of involvement. For example, the behavioral involvement in sport can take two forms: 1) direct participation in sport activity, and 2) participation as a spectator or a fan by reading about sport and watching games on television or at the stadium. Earlier studies have shown that there are economic, social, and
Sport fan motivation questionnaire A study of validity and reliability
The purpose of this research, Yousof Fan Motivational scale was developed by Turkish adapts and scales to analyze the validity and reliability. The study group was composed that Inonu University studying at different faculty of education between the age of 17-31 494'ü (%54) women and 421'i (%46) male students. Firstly of linguistic equivalence of the scale were examined. Secondly after linguistic equivalence was performed reliability analysis. The total scale internal consistency coefficients for sizes .85 and subscale range of .70-.78, the re-test reliability coefficients were between .79-.89. at the same time, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis is carried out with the scale and found to comply with the data. As a result of scale to measure the status of individuals to participate in sporting activities was found to have an appropriate structure.
The current investigation examined sport type differences in eight fan motives: escape, economic (i.e., gambling), eustress (i.e., positive arousal), self-esteem, group affiliation, entertainment, family, and aesthetics. Participants (final sample N-886) completed a questionnaire packet assessing their level of fandom and motivation for consuming one of 13 target sports: professional baseball, college football, professional football,
The Study of Effective Factors on the Motivation of Tourists Participating in Sport Events
2010
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effective factors on tourist participators' motivation in sport events. Method: The research method was descriptive and survey. The sample of the study includes 638 tourists (529 from national team and 109 from super league) participating in the national and super league football teams. The data was collected using the Wimbledon questionnaire. Which the validity of this questionnaire approved by 10 professors of Guilan university and Allame Tabatabaei university and 10 experts tourist and had a previously proven reliability of 86% using the Chronbach's Alpha. Results: the research data were analyzed by Binomial tests (P �0.05). the findings of this study indicate that from the tourist of the view of fans, socialization, entertainment, relaxation(push factors); fan motives, destination, (pull factors) and personal problems, risks (Deterrent factors) are the most effective factors on the motivation of the tourists attendanc...
Preliminary validation of a brazilian version of the sport motivation scale
The Sport Motivation Scale was firstly developed in French and later translated into English and validated by Pelletier et al. (1995). It is based on the principles of self-determination theory. The present study translated the English version into Portuguese to access and validate it with Brazilian athletes using a sample of 419 athletes (127 women and 292 men) from ten sports. The Brazilian version of the scale showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency and temporal stability over a four-week period. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis partially supported the seven-factor structure. Finally, gender differences were found in all subscales. Taken together, these findings support the use of the Brazilian version of the scale for the assessment of motivation in sport.