Socio-demographic determinants of tuberculosis patients attending directly observed treatment short course centre in urban Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health , 2022
Tuberculosis is a communicable disease, which can be transmitted from person to person by droplet infection, and it usually affects lungs. 1 It is caused by the bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 2 Tuberculosis (TB) generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body, which is characterized by chronic cough with blood-containing mucus, fever, night sweats and weight loss. TB occurs in every part of the world. In 2019, the highest number of new TB cases occurred in the SouthEast Asian region, with 44% of new cases, followed by the African region, with 25% of new cases and the Western Pacific with 18%. 3 In the same year, 87% of new TB cases occurred in 30 high TB burden countries. Eight countries,
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2020
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria spread by droplet infection.According to global TB report 2017, there were approximately 28 lakhs cases of TB in India accounting a quarter of the world TB cases. Today, it is the fastest-expanding and the largest program in the world in terms of patients initiated on treatment and the second largest in terms of population coverage. The objective of this study is to assess the socio-demographic profile of the patients attending revised national TB control programme (RNTCP) clinic, to determine the nature of disease, its co-morbidities, seasonal variability and treatment profile of the patients attending the RNTCP clinic during this study period.Methods: This was a retrospective record-based study conducted in RNTCP clinic of KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. Details of all the 684 patients who were enrolled under RNTCP from the year 2014 to 2018 were collected from RNTCP rec...
2018
Tuberculosis is one of the most globally serious public health problems, despite its causative organism was discovered more than 100 years and highly effective drugs and vaccines are available making tuberculosis a preventable and curable disease. A clinic based, descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted in a rural block of Burdwan district among 180 adult new pulmonary TB patients for duration of 10 months with the objectives of 1. To study the socio-demographic characteristics of the Tuberculosis patients receiving Directly Observed Treatment Short course chemotherapy. 2. To look for the treatment outcome of those patients and the factors that might influence the outcome. Complete enumeration method was used. Results revealed that 72.3 % were males and 27.7% were females; 82.7 % were economically productive age groups (15 – 54 ) years. General caste and Scheduled Caste were 40.2% and 32.5% respectively. 43.3 % have primary level of education, 35.0% were illiterate or just l...
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2016
Background: Tuberculosis is a social disease with medical aspect. It has also been described as barometer of social welfare. India is the second-most populous country in the world. One fourth of the global incident TB cases occur in India annually. Various social and demographic factors are variably related to poor adherence. Methods: A longitudinal study was designed and all category II TB patients registered for DOTS treatment during period from July 2014 to December 2014 (2 Quarter), of corporation area in tuberculosis register of district TB centre were included in present study. Considering exclusion criteria total 89 patients were studied in present study. Results: Out of 89 patients mean age (+SD) of the patients were 38±16.1 years , 75.28% were male, 40.45% were labourers, 29.31% patients were illiterate, over all treatment success is 59 (66.29%). Out of 63 literate patients, 79.36% patients were successfully treated, while Among 26 illiterate patients, only 34.61% patients were successfully treated. Treatment outcome lower class (Modified B.G. Prasad classification class IV and class V) having only 53.70% treatment success rate. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that improvement in quality of life is necessary for better outcome. Future programme or research should focus on improvement of quality of life as well as reducing the duration of treatment for better compliance with.
Socio-Demographic Profile of Tuberculosis Patient: A Hospital Based Study at Dehradun
National journal of community medicine, 2014
Background: In healthy people infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis often causes no symptoms since the person's immune system acts to "wall off" the bacteria. The common symptoms of active TB of the lung are coughing, sometimes with sputum or blood, chest pain, weakness, weight loss, fever and night sweats. If left untreated, each person with active TB disease will infect on an average between 10 and 15 people every year and this continues the transmission of Tuberculosis. So to understand these factors study was carried out about socio-demographic profile of patients attending DOTS Microscopy Centre (DMC). Methodology: Present study was done at DOTS Microscopy Centre (DMC) of HIMS Hospital Dehradun and 362 patients of age 18 years and above with cough that has persisted for more than 2 weeks was taken for study purpose. Results: Sputum positivity was maximum in age group 20-39 years i.e.(39.0 %)more among males i.e. 39.8% Specially Hindus i.e. (40.1%). Majority of the study subjects i.e. 52.5% belong to joint family, with family size more than 10 members (44.5%). Sputum positivity was more amongst subjects who were in Government job i.e. 41.1%. Sputum positivity was maximum in lower socioeconomic class (B.G.Prasad).i.e. 37.3%. The sputum positive results were observed maximum in subjects with presenting complaints of cough with anorexia and weight loss i.e. 41% Conclusion:An improvement in living conditions, education, socioeconomic status and sanitation is desirable to curtail down the prevalence of tuberculosis.
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2015
Abdominal Tuberculosis includes tuberculosis infection of gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, lymph nodes and omentum, the peritoneum and related solid organs such as liver and spleen. This study aims to document the trend of different types of presentation and treatment approach in Abdominal Tuberculosis according to involved sites and surgical pathology over a period of six years. 786 patients of abdominal tuberculosis admitted in emergency as well as in outdoors of various department of J. N. Medical College, Aligarh during the period of July 2004 to June 2010 were analyzed. Abdominal pain and altered bowel habit were two most common presenting complaints. A clear trend towards conservative approach for management of abdominal tuberculosis was found. Irrespective of surgery, all patients of abdominal tuberculosis require a full ATT
JMS SKIMS, 2018
Background: India accounts for one-fourth of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Since the countrywide implementation of RNTCP, tuberculosis care has received renewed focus. Directly observed treatment short-term (DOTS) is a cornerstone of RNTCP program. Objective: To evaluate demographic profile, clinical presentation and outcome of TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Methods: A prospective study over a period of seven years in patients diagnosed with TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Results: This study was conducted prospectively over seven years from March 2011 to February 2017. A total of 802 patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, there were a total of 638 adult patients and 164 paediatric patients with a male: female ratio of 1:0.99. Majority of patients belonged to rural areas of north Kashmir and had received no or elementary education. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 530 (66 %) patients and 272 (34%) patients were diagnosed as extrapulmon...
A profile study of tuberculosis patients in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
Innovative Publication, 2017
Background: Substantial progress has been made in reducing tuberculosis incidence over the past two decades. However, Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the most devastating and widespread infections in the world, if left untreated, each person with active TB disease will infect on an average between 10 and 15 people every year. So to understand these factors study was carried out about socio-demographic profile of patients attending DOTS center. Methodology: The study was conducted in 3 Tuberculosis units of Gwalior city from July 2016 to Oct 2016. Patients diagnosed as having TB and registered under RNTCP were included in the study. Total patients 550 were included in the study. Results: Most of the patients coming to the RNTCP centers belong to the underprivileged group in the age group of 16 to 30 years, (40.2%), male to female ratio was observed to be 1:0.5. Majority of the patients lived in nuclear families (68.3%), belonged to low socioeconomic status (77.2%) and dwelled in overcrowded houses (71.6%). 6.9% reported history of contact with tuberculosis patients. More than half of the patients (58.5%) were undernourished. In the study, 55.5% had pulmonary TB and 44.5% had extra-pulmonary TB. HIV co-infection was prevailing in 15 patients and smoking and alcohol intake was present in 72.5% and 2% respectively and it was found statistically significant.(P<0.05). Conclusion: An improvement in living conditions, education, socioeconomic status and sanitation is desirable to curtail down the prevalence of tuberculosis.
2018
Context: Worldwide socio-demographic factors like age, sex, education, occupation, income, life styles etc play a crucial role in etiology, spread and status of tuberculosis. It is a chronic stigmatized social and public health challenge in almost all communities of developing countries. Objective: This study was undertaken to examine some socio-demographic factors of TB patients in an urban area and their relation with current tuberculosis epidemiological situation. Materials and methods: It’s an observational, cohort study carried on 210 patients. Data was collected by trained personnel in structured and pretested formats from a Tuberculosis Unit and Directly Observed Treatment centers’ records and through direct visits and interviews with the patients. The statistical analysis was done by subjecting data to ‘EPI INFO’ and WIN PEPI software. Results: Of all 210 patients, 125 were male, 131 had pulmonary TB, 133 in 0-34 year age group, 144 married, 44 illiterate, 96 kaccha house dw...
African Health Sciences
Aim: To study and analyse the socio-demographic profile and basic risk factors of tuberculosis(TB) patients and their relationwith the current epidemiological status of TB registered under the RNTEP program in the study area. Subjects and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 1743 newly registered tuberculosis patients at TB-DOT centerof South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India from 2011-2014. Socio-demographic variables and baseline characteristics of theparticipants were noted by a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Our study results indicate that more than 95% of the TB patients were from lower socioeconomic class, and hadpoor literacy status and tuberculosis was observed highest in non-agricultural labour and cultivators. Among the young adult’smajority of the affected population were females from the lower/upper-lower socioeconomic class. Our analysis revealed that,in successful tuberculosis therapy, men were more defaulters than women. Conclusion: Our study provid...