The vernacular press and the emergence of modern Indonesian consciousness (1855-1913) (original) (raw)
1996, The Journal of Asian Studies
This thesis is based on three main assumptions: that the press in Indonesia was an agent for intellectual development; that the growth of the vernacular press was pioneered by Dutch scholars, Eurasian editors and peranakan Chinese and Indonesian journalists; and that the development of the vernacular press before 1914 ran parallel to the growth of social, economic and political conscious ness of the colonial society in the Dutch East Indies. The first I also wish to record my debt to the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia for supporting me financially during my studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies and I want also to thank the Ford Foundation for granting me a fellowship which enabled me to visit Cornell University and to carry out my research in Indonesia in 1973. Lastly I should like to thank my wife, Aysha, for her constant encouragement, patience and understanding during my long years of studies. 3 A Note on Orthography Both the old Dutch spelling system and the new Indonesian-Malaysian common spelling system inaugurated in 1972 are employed in this study. The spelling of names of persons, journals and organizations follow the old Dutch system. Names of towns and cities have been spelt according to the post-1972 Indonesian orthography. 4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BB Binnenlandsch Bestuur, Interior Administration, European Civil Service BKI Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde, Contributions to Linguistics, Geography and Ethnography, journal published by the Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde Exh Exhibitum, incoming correspondence of the Colonial Office fl florin, Dutch guilder
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The Vernacular Press and the Emergence of Modern Indonesian Consciousness
1995
This thesis is based on three main assumptions: that the press in Indonesia was an agent for intellectual development; that the growth of the vernacular press was pioneered by Dutch scholars, Eurasian editors and peranakan Chinese and Indonesian journalists; and that the development of the vernacular press before 1914 ran parallel to the growth of social, economic and political conscious ness of the colonial society in the Dutch East Indies. The first I also wish to record my debt to the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia for supporting me financially during my studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies and I want also to thank the Ford Foundation for granting me a fellowship which enabled me to visit Cornell University and to carry out my research in Indonesia in 1973. Lastly I should like to thank my wife, Aysha, for her constant encouragement, patience and understanding during my long years of studies. 3 A Note on Orthography Both the old Dutch spelling system and the new Indonesian-Malaysian common spelling system inaugurated in 1972 are employed in this study. The spelling of names of persons, journals and organizations follow the old Dutch system. Names of towns and cities have been spelt according to the post-1972 Indonesian orthography. 4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BB Binnenlandsch Bestuur, Interior Administration, European Civil Service BKI Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde, Contributions to Linguistics, Geography and Ethnography, journal published by the Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde Exh Exhibitum, incoming correspondence of the Colonial Office fl florin, Dutch guilder
The research attenots to analysis the historical genealogy and press movement and Javanese public sphere in the colonial age, 1915-1950. By focusing the site of Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) in Kediri-East Java during the colonial period, this research is specifically to explore the roles of TKS and Tan Khoen Swie's ideas (as a person) in the press movement in East Java over 35 years. The research used qualitative research with historical-discourse perspectives. It combines the archeology/genealogy methods proposed by Michel Foucault, historical and archives study. Through a historical archive investigation, both of material and ego documents, the study mapped on how the production of the public sphere in colonial age happened. The result of this study shows that the works and ideas published by through Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) are full meaning of spiritual and culture values. TKS has encouraged the transformation of Javanese values to the wider community. We argue that the idea and efforts of the public sphere in Javanese community during the colonial era, especially through it controversial publications. As an individual, Tan Khoen Swie established himself as the cosmopolitan elite in the fight against the colonialism. In other words, the study is success to showed the importance roles of Tan Khoen Swie inspiring the emergence of press movement in East Java and it also supports for creating the alternative public sphere for Javanese. Abstrak Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk memetakan studi genealogi sejarah dan pergerakan pers dalam membentuk ruang publik orang Jawa di masa kolonial 1915-1950. Dengan mengambil situs pada usaha penerbitan Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie di Kediri Jawa Timur pada periode tersebut, secara spesifik penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie dan gagasan Tan Khoen Swie (sebagai individu) dalam pergerakan pers di Jawa Timur masa kolonial kurun waktu 35 tahun. Melalui penelusuran arsip sejarah baik dokumen tertulis maupun secara lisan, penelitian ini berupaya menguraikan nilai-nilai lokal yang membentuk ruang publik pada masa kolonial yang luput dari kajian komunikasi, sosiologi maupun sejarah pada masa itu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan historical-discourse yaitu menggabungkan metode genealogi/arkeologi Foucault, pendekatan historis dan studi arsip. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karya dan gagasan yang diterbitkan melalui usaha penerbitan Tan Khoen Swie sarat akan nilai-nilai spiritual. Usaha penerbitan Tan Khoen Swie telah mendorong transformasi nilai-nilai kesusastraan Jawa kepada masyarakat luas. Penelitian ini juga memperlihatkan bahwa gagasan dan usaha penerbitan TKS berperan membentuk ruang dikursus pada orang Jawa khususnya melalui karya kontroversial. Sebagai individu, Tan Khoen Swie membuktikan dirinya sebagai salah satu elite kosmopolit dalam melakukan perlawanan terhadap penjajah kolonial. Dengan kata lain, hasil penelitian ini berhasil menunjukkan pentingnya peran Tan Khoen Swie menginspirasi kemunculan pers di Jawa Timur dan sekaligus memunculkan ruang publik alternatif bagi orang Jawa.
Language Press and Indonesian Nationalism.rtf
This paper will discuss relationship between language, the development of the press, and the emergence of Indonesian nationalism in the early twentieth century. Nationalism is a common consciousness of every individual in a community to achieve a common goal. Nationalism is the idea formed through a historical process. Therefore, the emergence of nationalism is influenced by various factors in a particular historical context. One of the factors influencing the emergence of Indonesian nationalism is the similarity of language. Language, especially the print language makes everyone who uses it has a similarity of shadows that make it connected to each other. The print language that encourages the emergence of Indonesian nationalism was “bahasa Melayu Pasar” (Bazaar Malay language or Malay language). This language is widely used in various newspapers in Indonesia in the early twentieth century. The development of Malay language in Indonesia was related to the development of the press. The development of the press was supported by the development of print capitalism in the Dutch East Indies. Print capitalism enabled a variety of printing products including press to spread to various regions of Dutch East Indies. The press changed Malay language from a mere lingua franca to a language with ideological and political meaning. The used of Malay language in various press made it as a common identity that united the diversity of various ethnic groups in Indonesia. This is the important role of language and the press as a lighter in the emergence of Indonesia's national consciousness in the early twentieth century. Keyword: Language; Press; Nationalism; Indonesia
A Hidden Language – Dutch in Indonesia
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This paper discusses the impact of Indonesian language politics on the formation and consolidation of Indonesian national identity. Maier’s central argument is that Indonesia’s claim to have completely eradicated colonist language from that of the independent state is a myth. He contends rather, that the revolutionary fervor that drove the creation of a new language and national culture in Indonesia
Imagining Indonesia: An Historical Perspective, 1785-1942
Indonesia Sebagai Ruang Imajinasi, 2018
This was a presentation I gave at the one-day Conference on 'Indonesia sebagai Ruang Imajinasi [Imagining Indonesia]' at Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, on 7 November 2018. The paper was subsequently published in the conference proceedings - Indonesia sebagai Ruang Imajinasi. Ed.Ary Budhiyanto dkk. (Malang: Program Studi Antropologi, Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Brawijaya, 2018), pp.1-7. There is also a PowerPoint presentation which will help to bring this paper alive visually. The main theme I was asked to address by the conference organisers related to concepts of political space in 19th century Java (in particular during the era of Diponegoro [1785-1855] and the Java War [1825-30]) and the subsequent emergence of the concept of Indonesia through the publications of George Windsor Earl (1813-1865) and his younger contemporary, James Richardson Logan (1819-1869), founder of the Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia (Singapore, 1847-63). I also looked at the period of the early 20th century Indonesian nationalist movement or pergerakan nasional (1908-1942).
Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie, press movement, and Javanese public sphere in the colonial age 1915-1950
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
The research attenots to analysis the historical genealogy and press movement and Javanese public sphere in the colonial age, 1915-1950. By focusing the site of Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) in Kediri - East Java during the colonial period, this research is specifically to explore the roles of TKS and Tan Khoen Swie’s ideas (as a person) in the press movement in East Java over 35 years. The research used qualitative research with historical-discourse perspectives. It combines the archeology/genealogy methods proposed by Michel Foucault, historical and archives study. Through a historical archive investigation, both of material and ego documents, the study mapped on how the production of the public sphere in colonial age happened. The result of this study shows that the works and ideas published by through Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) are full meaning of spiritual and culture values. TKS has encouraged the transformation of Javanese values to the wider community. We argue that t...
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