Implications for Migration and Social Connections in South-Central New Mexico Through Chemical Characterization of Carbon-Painted Ceramics and Obsidian (original) (raw)
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Magdalena Black-on-white ceramics from two sites (Gallinas Springs and Pinnacle Ruin) in west-central and southwestern New Mexico have been interpreted as evidence of a migration of Northern Pueblo groups from the Four Corners region into southwestern New Mexico during the thirteenth century. They also appear to be linked to sites with similar carbon-painted ceramics on the Rio Puerco of the east and beyond. An additional site (Roadmap Village) reveals import of Magdalena Black-on-white ceramics produced at Gallinas Springs as well as possible local production. Limited quantities of carbon paint ceramics have been found on El Paso Phase sites in south-central New Mexico that have previously been attributed to contemporaneous carbon painted pottery produced at communities in the Galisteo Basin and the upper Rio Grande. Recent compositional analysis of carbon-painted ceramics from the Gallinas Springs, Pinnacle, and Roadmap sites has identified characteristic chemical signatures that suggest local production of carbon paint ceramics at all three sites and distribution of carbon paint ceramics from Gallinas Springs to Pinnacle and Roadmap in the eastern Black Range of southwestern New Mexico. Analysis of carbon paint ceramics from Madera Quemada, an El Paso Phase site in the Tularosa Basin indicates that the carbon paint wares found in El Paso Phase sites were acquired through trade connections from the Black Range rather than from more northern sources. The overall Magdalena Black-on-white production patterns are contrasted with the obsidian procurement data from the same sites to reveal a complex and divergent pattern.
Laboratory of Anthropology, Incorporated. Technical series. Bulletin ; no. 11. | Technical series (Laboratory of Anthropology, Inc.), 1943
Mera, H. P. (Harry Percival), 1875-1951 [author] Ceramic developments in southern and southeastern New Mexico. H.P. Mera author for the Laboratory of Anthropology, Incorporated, published by the Edwards Brothers, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Includes bibliographical references (pages 17-20). Pottery analysis Pottery types Indian pottery New Mexico
American Antiquity
The concept of coalescent communities has been widely used by North American archaeologists as a framework for understanding cultural responses to social upheaval. In this article we explore how the concept of coalescence helps us understand the processes that led to the emergence of aggregated settlements in the Albuquerque district of the central Rio Grande Valley around the turn of the fourteenth century. We argue that such communities emerged as strategic local responses to disruptive social and demographic trends on a macroregional scale. Specifically, we use NAA and petrographic sourcing of Western Pueblo- and Rio Grande-style glaze-painted pottery in conjunction with settlement data from the site of Tijeras Pueblo (LA581) to explore how the amalgamation of immigrant and autochthonous people, technology, knowledge, and ritual creatively and radically transformed local and regional practices of community and identity formation.
2009
by Caitlin Anne Wichlacz Washington State University May 2009 Chair: Andrew I. Duff Cerro Pomo and Cox Ranch Pueblos, in west-central New Mexico, represent some of the southernmost examples of the Chacoan great house pattern, and are located within the northern reaches of the traditional Mogollon culture area. These great houses and the smaller sites around them exhibit a blend of characteristically Puebloan and Mogollon traits, evident in architectural patterns and in the use of both grey and brown ceramic utility wares. Grey corrugated wares are traditionally associated with Ancestral Pueblo peoples, and brown wares with the Mogollon. The coexistence of these suites of material culture traits within individual sites is a pattern that persists into later periods in the region. Settlements within this region of cultural overlap provide a unique opportunity for the study of identity and interaction along both spatial and historical scales. With that potential in mind, this work focus...
Obsidian Evidence of Interaction and Migration from the Mesa Verde Region, Southwest Colorado
have begun to consider prehistoric migration as a social process with several stages, rather than as an event. However, research along these lines has tended to fo-cus on detection of immigrants in the destination area and the impact of migration on destination area societies (e.g., Clark 2001; Stone 2003). In other words, archaeologists have emphasized the late stages of the migration process. We believe it is also worthwhile to examine earlier stages of the migration process and tackle such questions as: how did migrants develop social contacts with people who lived in eventual destination areas; A growing body of evidence demonstrates that ancestral Pueblo people living in the central Mesa Verde region of the U.S. Southwest maintained long-distance contacts with other Pueblo peoples. Questions of Pueblo interactions through time and across space have traditionally been addressed using ceramic sourcing data. This research uses obsidian source data to argue that, from A.D. 600 to 920, residents of the central Mesa Verde region obtained obsidian from throughout the U.S. northern Southwest, but that from A.D. 1060 to 1280 they acquired obsidian almost exclusively from the Jemez Mountains area of north-central New Mexico. In addition, importation of obsidian from the Pajarito Plateau increased during the period of population decline in the Mesa Verde region, and population expansion on the Pajarito. Characteristics of the obsidian assemblage from central Mesa Verde region sites also suggest that Jemez obsidian entered the region primarily in the form of finished arrows, arrow points, and arrow-point preforms. We argue that these patterns reflect return migration by early immigrants from the Mesa Verde region to the northern Rio Grande, an early stage in the development of a migration stream between the two regions. Un creciente acervo de evidencia demuestra que las comunidades ancestrales Pueblo que vivían en la región central del sudoeste de los E.E.U.U. mantenían relaciones a larga distancia con otras comunidades Pueblo. Preguntas sobre las interacciones entre las comunidades Pueblo a través del tiempo y el espacio han sido tradicionalmente investigadas a través de estudios de cerámica. Esta investigación utiliza datos de fuentes de obsidiana para argumentar que a partir del 600 d.C. al 920 d.C. los habitantes de la región central de Mesa Verde adquirieron obsidiana a lo largo del sudoeste de los E.E.U.U, pero a partir del 1060 d.C. al 1280 d.C. esolo adquirían obsidiana casi exclusivamente en la región de las Montañas Jemez, ubicadas en la zona norte-central de Nuevo México. Además, la importación de obsidiana de la Meseta Pajarito aumento durante el periodo de declive poblacional en la región de Mesa Verde, y de crecimiento poblacional en la Meseta Pajarito. Características de las colecciones de obsidiana provenientes de la región central de Mesa Verde sugieren que la obsidiana de Jemez fue introducida primordialmente en forma de flechas, puntas de flechas, y prototipos de puntas de flecha. Nosotros argumentamos que estos patrones reflejan migraciones de regreso de los primeros inmigrantes de la región de Mesa Verde hacia la zona norte del Rio Grande (Bravo), lo cual fue una etapa inicial en el desarrollo de una corriente de migraciones entre estas dos regiones.
This report presents the results of the second season of investigations at the Merchant village site (LA 43414) in southeastern New Mexico. The excavations and analyses were sponsored by the Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) of the Bureau of Land Management and funded under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement. Excavations focused on sections of room blocks in two areas of the main village, the agricultural fields, and midden deposits. vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The 2014-2015 and 2019 investigations of the Merchant site involved a multidisciplinary team of field archaeologists, laboratory analysts, remote sensing specialists, geoarcheologists, and specialists in the analysis of subsistence samples and material culture. The investigations and the results reported herein are also the product of a long-term, cooperative, and dedicated effort among many archaeologists from southern New Mexico. First and foremost, the Carlsbad Field Office deserves credit for developing the project under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement and for its support and encouragement during the course of the project. Martin Stein, Elia Perez, and Bruce Boeke deserve credit, and without their support it would not have been possible to produce this report. I also wish to thank the CFO and the Historic Preservation Division, New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs for their insightful comments, as well as the fast review of the 709 page draft report.
This provenance study of yellow-firing clays in north central New Mexico examines whether clays recovered in the vicinity of Tunque Pueblo (LA 240) may have been used as slip clays at contemporaneous San Marcos Pueblo (LA 98). A sample of 72 ceramic sherds, bricks, and clays were analyzed through chemical characterization using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). We argue that Tunque potters were using a subset of clays available at their village to produce pottery. Although San Marcos potters appear to have possibly been using clay from Tunque Pueblo to slip their vessels, these clays were not the same as those used by Tunque potters. Given San Marcos potters' apparent reliance on this slip clay over time, we argue our findings demonstrate that extremely stable social networks were developed and sustained among Rio Grande Pueblo households and communities across north central New Mexico during the late prehispanic and early colonial periods (1400–1680 CE).