Optimization and evaluation of reactive dye adsorption on magnetic composite of activated carbon and iron oxide (original) (raw)
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Application of Efficient Magnetic Particles and Activated Carbon for Dye Removal from Wastewater
American Chemical Society, 2020
Since the turn of the 21st century, water pollution has been a major issue, and most of the pollution is generated by dyes. Adsorption is one of the most commonly used dye-removal methods from aqueous solution. Magnetic-particle integration in the water-treatment industry is gaining considerable attention because of its outstanding physical and chemical properties. Magnetic-particle adsorption technology shows promising and effective outcomes for wastewater treatment owing to the presence of magnetic material in the adsorbents that can facilitate separation through the application of an external magnetic field. Meanwhile, the introduction of activated carbon (AC) derived from various materials into a magnetic material can lead to efficient organic-dye removal. Therefore, this combination can provide an economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly water-purification process. Although activated carbon from low-cost and abundant materials has considerable potential in the water-treatment industry, the widespread applications of adsorption technology are limited by adsorbent recovery and separation after treatment. This work specifically and comprehensively describes the use of a combination of a magnetic material and an activated carbon material for dye adsorption in wastewater treatment. The literature survey in this minireview provides evidence of the potential use of these magnetic adsorbents, as well as their magnetic separation and recovery. Future directions and challenges of magnetic activated carbon in wastewater treatment are also discussed in this paper.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009
The combination of magnetic nanoparticles with other adsorbents not only does not affect their magnetic properties, but also leads to the formation of adsorbents that improve the refining process. The aim of this study was synthesis of magnetic activated carbon by Fe 3 O 4 and investigation of its efficiency in adsorption of Lead from aqueous solutions. Magnetic adsorbent prepared by the method of sequestration and physical characteristics and structure of synthesized absorbent were determined by XRD and TEM. To remove the Lead from aqueous solutions, the Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for optimizing all parameters affecting the adsorption process. The studied parameters were pH (5-9), temperature (25-45 ⁰C) and the amount of adsorbent (0.5-2 g). 15 experimental runs were calculated by using BBD. The optimal condition for removal of Lead by synthesis of magnetic activated carbon by Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles was pH=7, 450 ⁰C temperature and 2 g of adsorbent. Kinetic studies of the adsorption process specified the efficiency of the pseudo second-order kinetic model and showed the optimal time was 15 min, respectively. The maximum percentage of Lead removed after 90 min was 86.87%. The adsorption isotherm was well-fitted to Longmire model. The study showed that magnetic activated carbon has a high potential for Lead removal. Therefore, it is believed that magnetized active carbon by keeping its physical and surface properties could be a suitable method to solve some related problems including separation and filtration.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Dye is one of the dangerous contaminants because it can interfere with the health of living things and the environment. This research aims to study the comparison of adsorption capacity between activated carbon and its magnetic composite on methylene blue and eriochrome black T, as azo dyes, an organic compound contains a functional group of –N=N-, that are hardly to be degraded in the environment. The activated carbon used in this study was obtained commercially while the composite material was synthesized using activated carbon which was carried by iron species from a solution of Fe2+ and Fe3+ salts. The variables studied in this research were contact periodic time and dye concentration. The adsorption process was evaluated using a kinetics and isotherm model. Furthermore, the characterization of the two adsorbents was conducted using Fourier-transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The results of FTIR characterization show a functional group that indicates of the proper of magneti...
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2020
Reactive blue-13 (RB-13) dye was removed using magnetic activated carbon (MAC) in the batch mode. The effect of the initial mass of the adsorbent (1−25 g/L), initial RB-13 concentration (10−50 mg/L), solution pH (2−12), temperature (298−333 K), and contact period (0−120 min) on the removal of RB-13 dye was explored. The isoelectric point study was also performed for determining the pH at which the net charge on the surface of MAC was equivalent to zero. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm showed the best correlation at all temperatures. The adsorption kinetics was best described by a pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic study concluded that the adsorption of RB-13 dye onto MAC took place exothermically and the process was spontaneous.
Activated carbon/iron oxide magnetic composites for the adsorption of contaminants in water
Carbon, 2002
In this work the adsorption features of activated carbon and the magnetic properties of iron oxides were combined in a composite to produce magnetic adsorbents. These magnetic particles can be used as adsorbent for a wide range of contaminants in water and can subsequently be removed from the medium by a simple magnetic procedure. Activated carbon / iron oxide magnetic composites were prepared with weight ratios of 2:1, 1.5:1 and 1:1 and characterized by powder XRD, TG, magnetization measurements, chemical analyses, TPR, N adsorption-desorption isotherms, Mossbauer 2 spectroscopy and SEM. The results suggest that the main magnetic phase present is maghemite (g-Fe O ) with small 2 3 amounts of magnetite (Fe O ). Magnetization enhancement can be produced by treatment with H at 600 8C to reduce 3 4 2 maghemite to magnetite. N adsorption measurements showed that the presence of iron oxides did not significantly affect the 2 surface area or the pore structure of the activated carbon. The adsorption isotherms of volatile organic compounds such as chloroform, phenol, chlorobenzene and drimaren red dye from aqueous solution onto the composites also showed that the presence of iron oxide did not affect the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon.
Algal Research, 2019
The activated carbon of Sargassum oligocystum (ACSO) was composited with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle (=ACSO/Fe 3 O 4) by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV) from aqueous solutions. ACSO/Fe 3 O 4 was characterized using different physicochemical methods. The value of saturation magnetization and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area for ACSO/ Fe 3 O 4 was obtained 26.57 emu/g and 126.77 m 2 /g, respectively. The optimal adsorption conditions, including initial pH (7), the amount of ACSO/Fe 3 O 4 (0.15 g/100 mL), and contact time (50 min) were determined. At optimized conditions and the ultrasonic wave of 45 kHz more than 98% of the cationic dyes were removed. The adsorption process data matched well with pseudo-second-order and Freundlich isotherm models. Intra-particle diffusion model showed that the adsorption of cationic dyes onto ACSO/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic composite is two-stage and the speed of the first stage is faster than the second one. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the ACSO/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic composite toward MB and MV reached as high as 60.60 mg/g and 59.88 mg/g, respectively. Finally, seven times reusing of ACSO/Fe 3 O 4 and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Journal of environmental health science & engineering, 2015
Magnetically modified activated carbon, which synthesized by nanomagnetic iron oxide, was used for fast and effective removal of Crystal Violet from aqueous solutions. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of nano-adsorbent showed that the average sizes of adsorbent are less than 100 nm. The various parameters, affecting on adsorption process, were examined including pH and temperature of dye solution, dose of adsorbent, and contact time. Then, thermodynamic parameters of sorption were calculated. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to fit the resulting data. Adsorption kinetics was consistent with a pseudo second order equation. Thermodynamic parameters of adsorption, ∆H(0), and ∆S(0) were calculated. Also, for further investigations, nano magnetic iron oxides was synthesized and used as adsorbent. Sorption capacities were depending on the temperature varied from 44.7 to 67.1 mg/g and from 12.7 to 16.5 mg/g for magnetically modified activated carbon and nanomagnetic...
Molecules
Activated carbon prepared from lemon (Citrus limon) wood (ACL) and ACL/Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposite were effectively used to remove the cationic dye of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solutions. The results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully placed in the structure of ACL and the produced nanocomposites showed superior magnetic properties. It was found that pH was the most effective parameter in the CV dye adsorption and pH of 9 gave the maximum adsorption efficiency of 93.5% and 98.3% for ACL and ACL/Fe3O4, respectively. The Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) and Langmuir models were selected to investigate the CV dye adsorption equilibrium behavior for ACL and ACL/Fe3O4, respectively. A maximum adsorption capacity of 23.6 and 35.3 mg/g was obtained for ACL and ACL/Fe3O4, respectively indicating superior adsorption capacity of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The kinetic data of the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second order (PSO) kinetic model, indicating that chemical mechan...
Synthesis and properties of magnetic Fe3O4-activated carbon nanocomposite particles for dye removal
Materials Letters, 2008
Magnetic Fe 3 O 4-activated carbon nanocomposite was synthesized for the first time from rice husk based activated carbon. It was interesting to find the obtained composite still held a relatively large pore diameter of 3.1 nm, high surface area of 770 m 2 /g with 23 wt.% Fe 3 O 4 coated, and a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 2.78 emu/g. The system demonstrated perfect magnetic separation performance and a high adsorption capacity of 321 mg/g for Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution, both of which are significant for activated carbon' s use as adsorbent.
Journal of Chemistry, 2018
This work develops a methodology for selective removal of industrial dyes from wastewaters using adsorption technology based on magnetic adsorbents. The magnetic nanoparticles embedded within a matrix of activated carbon were tested as adsorbents for removal of industrial dyes from aqueous solutions. The effects of four independent variables, solution pH, initial concentration of pollutant, adsorbent dose, contact time, and their interactions on the adsorption capacity of the nanocomposite were investigated in order to optimize the process. The removal efficiency of pollutants depends on solution pH and increases with increasing the carbon content, with initial concentration of the pollutants, the temperature, and the dose of magnetite/carbon nanocomposites. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model was fitted to the kinetic data, and adsorption isotherm analysis and thermodynamics were used to elucidate the adsorption mechanism. The maximum adsorption capacities were 223.82 mg g−1 for Nylo...