Blood Groups Distribution and Gene Diversity of the ABO and Rh (D)Lociin the Mexican Population (original) (raw)
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BioMed research international, 2018
To determine the frequency and distribution of ABO and Rh (D) antigens and, additionally, investigate gene diversity and the structure of Mexican populations. Blood groups were tested in 271,164 subjects from 2014 to 2016. The ABO blood group was determined by agglutination using the antibodies anti-A, Anti-B, and Anti-D for the Rh factor, respectively. The overall distribution of ABO and Rh (D) groups in the population studied was as follows: O: 61.82%; A: 27.44%; B: 8.93%; and AB: 1.81%. For the Rh group, 95.58% of people were Rh (D), and 4.42% were Rh (d). Different distributions of blood groups across regions were found; additionally, genetic analysis revealed that the and allele showed an increasing trend from the north to the center, while the and allele tended to increase from the center to the north. Also, we found more gene diversity in both in the north compared with the center, suggesting population structure in Mexico. This work could help health institutions to identify...
International Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2020
The search for understanding the population dynamics of genes and blood group genotypes in the ABO / Rh system is an important field of Population Genetics. Thus, this study aimed to identify genetic variability; phenotypic, allelic and genotypic frequencies of the ABO and Rh blood group systems and compare de number of blood donations performed in the south Brazil region. In order to determine and analyze the occurrence of the main phenotypic, genotypic and allele classes related to the ABO / Rh blood system, data collection was performed, referring to 64,066 blood donors who donated during the period from over 10 years. The population genetic profile analysis was performed based on the principles of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium theorem the distribution of ABO blood group system observed was: O> A> B> AB. O represents 50.15% of donors, A represents 36, 11%, B represents 10.14% and AB only 3.58%. The phenotypic frequency for each one of these groups is: O = 0.5015, A = 0.3611, B = 0.1014 and AB = 0.0358. Regarding genotypic frequency, the homozygous genotype (ii) for type O prevailed, with 0.5016 (50.16%). For blood types A and B, heterozygous genotypes are more frequent, IA i and IBi frequencies were 0.1582 (15.82%) and 0.0503 (5.03%), respectively. A and B Homozygotes have a reduced frequency, with IA IA 0.0499 (4.99%) and IB IB 0.0051 (0.51%). The genotype for type AB (IA IB) has the frequency 0.0158 (1.25%). Among donors, Rh positive blood type predominated with a total of 55,551 people, with a phenotypic frequency of 0.8670 (86.70%), while Rh negative blood group was present in 8,515 donors only, with a phenotypic frequency of 0,1329 (13.29%). The analysis of interaction between the two studied blood group systems (ABO and Rh) made possible to verify the percentage of each type of heterozygote present in the data. In this way, 68% were IAi/Dd, 21.6% were IBi/Dd. and 6.86% were IAIB/Dd. These data analyses together are helpful in understanding the differentiation of blood group loci and for designing prospective studies for establishing the associations of these loci with health variables in the populations studied.
Frequency of RHD variants in Brazilian blood donors from Parana State, Southern Brazil
Transfusion and Apheresis Science, 2016
The Rh blood group system is one of the most complex, polymorphic and immunogenic blood group systems in humans. Some individuals produce a weak or a partial D as a result of RHD and RHCE gene conversion events and RHD point mutations. Because the incidence of RHD variants differs considerably among ethnic groups, the objective of this study was to establish the frequency of blood donors carrying some weak and partial RHD, at the molecular level, in 400 blood donors from the North/Northwest of the state of Parana, Southern Brazil. Another 30 blood donors whose RhD typing results in serology were inconclusive were also included. In this mixed Brazilian population, the most frequent weak D types were 1, 4, 3 and 2 (frequencies of 4.35%, 2.32%, 1.46% and 0.29%, respectively; total of 8.41%) and partial D was found in 2.90% of samples carrying the RHD gene. For samples with inconclusive RhD typing, 53.33% of them presented weak and partial RHD, and 43.75% had concomitantly more than one RHD variant. Our results demonstrate the presence of Caucasian and African D variants. This knowledge can contribute to the safety of transfusion strategies in this ethnic admixture population.
Transfusion and Apheresis Science, 2016
The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of alleles and genotypes of the blood group systems Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and Diego in 251 regular blood donors registered in the hemotherapy unit of the Southwestern region of Parana, Southern Brazil. The frequencies were obtained by direct counting on a spreadsheet program and statistical analyses were conducted in order to compare them with other Brazilian populations using Chi-square with Yates correction on OpenEpi software. The frequencies of RHD* negative, RHCE*c/c and RHCE*e/e were higher than expected for the Caucasian population. A difference was also observed for FY alleles, FY*01/FY*01 genotype and FY*02N.01-67T/C (GATA Box mutation). Two homozygous individuals were defined as a low frequency phenotype K+k-(KEL*01.01/KEL*01.01) and, for Diego blood group system the rare DI*01 allele was found in ten blood donors, of which one was DI*01/DI* 01 (0.4%). The allele and genotype frequencies of Kidd blood group system were similar to expected to Caucasians. The results showed the direction in which to choose donors, the importance of extended genotyping in adequate blood screening and the existence of rare genotypes in Brazilian regular blood donors.
Distribution of blood antigens A, B, and D in the population of bogotá (analysis of 30,000 samples)
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 1966
As tested by anti‐A and anti‐B sera, blood drawn from 30,000 inhabitans of Bogotá, Colombia, showed the following phenotype percentages: A — 26.5, B — 8.0, AB — 1.1, and O — 64.4. The allele frequencies were: A — 0.150, B — 0.048, and O — 0.802.In the same samples anti‐D (Rh0) was used: 94.6% of the individuals carried the D antigen. All bloods were typed with fresh commercial sera. No back‐typing was performed.Hemolytic disease of the newborn, caused by Rh‐Hr isoimmunization, is more frequent (0.40%) in Bogotá than should be expected for a population having only (5.4%) or less “Rh negative” individuals. This paradoxical fact was observed in the analysis of 12,672 deliveries in an obstetrical hospital of Bogotá. A possible explanation could be the multiparity of Colombian women since the possibility of isoimmunization and hemolytic disease increases with each succeeding pregnancy in a given woman. Also it is well established that when Rh‐Hr incompatibility is combined with ABO incom...
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2005
Three hundred and ninety-five individuals from two populations from the State of Tlaxcala, Mexico, were studied in relation to the ABO, Rh, MNS, P, Kell, Lewis, Diego, Kidd, Duffy, Haptoglobin, Transferrin, Group specific component, Albumin, Acid Phosphatase and Phosphoglucomutase systems. One of the populations (San Pablo del Monte) is Indian, while the other (City of Tlaxcala) is Mestizo. The alleles which show variation in the Mestizo population are intermediate between the Spanish and the Indian gene frequencies.
Genetic variability of blood groups in southern Brazil
Genetics and Molecular Biology
We evaluated genetic variability among the blood groups Kell (c.578C > T and c.1790T > C), Kidd (c.838A > G), Duffy (c.125A > G, c.265C > T and c.1-67T > C), Diego (c.2561C > T), MNS (c.143T > C) and Rh (c.676G > C) in Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. Genetic profiling from 382 volunteer blood donors was performed through allelic discrimination assays using a hydrolysis probe (TaqMan®) with a real-time PCR system. The sample was divided into two groups: Euro-Brazilian and Afro-Brazilian. A comparison with studies from other regions of Brazil and the 1000 Genomes Database showed significant differences for almost all polymorphisms evaluated in our population. Population differentiation between the Euro-and Afro-Brazilian groups was low (F ST value 0.055). However, when each locus was evaluated individually, KEL*06 and FY*02N.01 allele frequencies were significantly higher in the Afro-Brazilian group than in the Euro-Brazilian group. Ethnic classification that uses phenotypic criteria to find blood units with rare antigens may be important when there is a need to detect blood units with an absence of Duffy antigens. There is also a greater probability of finding donors in the Afro-Brazilian group. Taken together, the data indicate strong European and African contributions to the gene pool, with intense admixture.
Despite identifying more than 400 red cell antigens, ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important clinically. Besides the significance as major blood groups, these are most important transfusion of blood, disease susceptibility, forensic pathology and studying population genetics. The present study was aimed to determine the distribution and frequency of ABO and Rh group systems in the population of District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. The data of 13,758 subjects were collected from Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International, attended Emergency of District Headquarter Hospital at Timergara District Dir Lower. The acquired data were analysed through percentage method. Blood group A (31.945%) was the most prevalent, followed by O (28.66%), B (27.998%) and AB (11.397%). Distribution of blood groups among various months (November 2013 through August 2014) revealed the incidence of blood group A, 28.947% to 34.004%; O, 22.267% to 30.649%; B, 26.025% to 31.381% and AB, 9.321% to 19.636%. In Rh blood group system Rh positive (92.455%) was more prevalent than Rh negative (7.545%). Allelic frequency for A, B and O observed was 0.361, 0.316 and 0.323 respectively while for D and d was 0.925 and 0.075 respectively. This study concludes that blood group A of ABO blood group system was the commonest while blood group AB was the rarest. Blood group Rh positive of Rh blood group system is more common than Rh negative.
International Journal of Immunogenetics, 2012
This study assessed the phenotypic and allelic profiles of ABO and Rhesus D blood group system among first time blood donors at the National Centre of Blood Supply of Antananarivo. We collected through this retrospective study all data registered during 7 years of practice (from 2003 to 2009). Age and sex were analysed with the result of ABO and RhD screening. They were tested both with Beth Vincent and Simonin tests which were performed in a plate, by using commercial monoclonal antibody (Diaclone Ò et Eryclone Ò), and home-made red cells tests. The Rh D was performed with the same commercial kits. The frequencies of alleles were calculated by using Bernstein method. Data about 45 857 donors were obtained. A male predominance (80.46%) was found and most of our donors were aged <40 (74.92%). 98.90% of the donors were Rh D positive. Phenotypic distribution of each ABO antigen was, respectively, 22.61, 29.66, 6.13 and 41.60% for A, B, AB and O antigen. Allelic frequencies of A, B and O were 0.1559, 0.1987 and 0.6454. These results confirmed the fact that Madagascan population had admixed ethnic origin.
Gene Frequencies of ABO and Rh (D) Blood Group Alleles in Minna, North - Central Nigeria
Due to its genetic and medical importance, information on distribution and prevalence of ABO and Rhesus blood type is germane in a society. There is dearth of information in Minna North-central Nigeria, it was thus imperative to study its prevalence and allelic frequencies of ABO and Rhesus blood types in the state. This investigation examined the prevalence and gene frequencies for the ABO and Rh (D) alleles in Minna North-central Nigeria, from January 2008 to December 2012 (5 years). Retrospective data for 13937 individuals were extracted over this period for prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups. This was employed to evaluate the genotypic and allelic frequencies based on Hardy–Weinberg (H-W) equations. Chi-square goodness-of-fit test was also calculated to compare observed and expected frequencies. This study recorded prevalence rate of 44.457%, 25.544%, 19.294%, and 10.705% for O, A, B and AB blood group respectively while 96.721% and 3.279% were Rhesus D positive and negative respectively. Allelic frequencies of the ABO blood groups include O (0.667), A (0.170), B (0.163), and D (0.818) and d (0.182) for Rhesus D positive and Rhesus d negative respectively. On the other hand genotypic frequencies reported were 0.445, 0.029, 0.227, 0.027, 0.217 and 0.055 for OO, AA, AO, BB, BO and AB respectively. All frequencies reported in this study differ significantly from H-W equilibrium (goodness-of-fit X 2 for ABO =819.58, df=3, P≤0.05 and goodness-of-fit X 2 for Rh= 0.091, df =1, P≤0.05). This pioneering study on ABO and Rhesus blood types in Minna strengthens and corroborates the fact that there is genetic variation in ABO and Rhesus blood types. In future results from this study can act as baseline information for geneticist, clinicians and allied professional on the distribution of these germane blood types in Minna.