Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) Gene Family in Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Rootstock under Drought Stress Suggested the Potential Role of these Chaperones in Stress Tolerance (original) (raw)
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Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Improving Heat Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants
Heat Shock Proteins, 2016
High temperature response (HTR) or heat stress response (HSR) is a highly conserved phenomenon, which involves complex networks among different crop species. Heat stress usually results in protein dysfunction by improper folding of its linear amino acid chains to non-native proteins. This leads to unfavourable interactions and subsequent protein aggregation. To tackle this, plants have developed molecular chaperone machinery to maintain high quality proteins in the cell. This is governed by increasing the level of pre-existing molecular chaperones and by expressing additional chaperones through signalling mechanism. Dissecting the molecular mechanism by which plants counter heat stress and identifi cation of important molecules involved are of high priority. This could help in the development of plants with improved heat stress tolerance through advanced genomics and genetic engineering approaches. Owing to this reason molecular chaperones/Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are considered as potential candidates to address the issue of heat stress. In this chapter, recent progress on systematic analyses of heat shock proteins, their classifi cation and role in plant response to heat stress along with an overview of genomic and transgenic approaches to overcome the issue, are summarized.
Scientific Reports, 2016
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) perform significant roles in conferring abiotic stress tolerance to crop plants. In view of this, HSPs and their encoding genes were extensively characterized in several plant species; however, understanding their structure, organization, evolution and expression profiling in a naturally stress tolerant crop is necessary to delineate their precise roles in stress-responsive molecular machinery. In this context, the present study has been performed in C 4 panicoid model, foxtail millet, which resulted in identification of 20, 9, 27, 20 and 37 genes belonging to SiHSP100, SiHSP90, SiHSP70, SiHSP60 and SisHSP families, respectively. Comprehensive in silico characterization of these genes followed by their expression profiling in response to dehydration, heat, salinity and cold stresses in foxtail millet cultivars contrastingly differing in stress tolerance revealed significant upregulation of several genes in tolerant cultivar. SisHSP-27 showed substantial higher expression in response to heat stress in tolerant cultivar, and its over-expression in yeast system conferred tolerance to several abiotic stresses. Methylation analysis of SiHSP genes suggested that, in susceptible cultivar, higher levels of methylation might be the reason for reduced expression of these genes during stress. Altogether, the study provides novel clues on the role of HSPs in conferring stress tolerance. Plants in the environment are exposed to several abiotic and biotic stresses which pose serious threat to their survival and productivity; however, plants are evolved with sophisticated molecular machinery to sense and circumvent the stresses. In response to abiotic stresses, plants produce several biomolecules called molecular chaperones, which function in protecting the cells from the adverse impact of stresses. A class of such molecular chaperones are called heat shock proteins (HSP), which are synthesized in response to several stresses including low temperature, osmotic, salinity, oxidative, desiccation, high intensity irradiations, wounding, and heavy metals stresses 1-3. The role of HSPs during stress and unstressed conditions is regulation of protein folding and accumulation along with their localization and degradation 4-7. Nevertheless, the precise role of HSPs in regulating the molecular mechanisms responsible for normal growth and development, and stress response remains elusive 1. In plants, HSPs are classified into five principal classes, namely, HSP100, HSP90, HSP70/DnaK, HSP60/GroE and small heat shock proteins (sHSP) based on their molecular weight 8. In order to delineate the molecular roles of these HSPs, several studies on identification and characterization of HSPs and their corresponding genes were performed in plant species such as Arabidopsis, tomato and rice 6,9-11. In rice, 10, 9, 26 and 29 HSPs were identified belonging to HSP100, HSP90, HSP70, and sHSPs, respectively. Expression profiling of these HSP encoding genes in response to heat, cold, drought and salt stresses showed their differential expression with significant upregulation of sHSP genes during heat stress 6. Identification and expression profiling of sHSP genes in barley during drought stress was reported by Reddy et al. 12. The study identified 20 sHSPs, which are shown to be differentially regulated in response to drought stress. A candidate sHSP protein, Hsp17.5-CI was expressed in E. coli, which
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2018
The roles of three different classes of HSP genes were investigated over control and salt stress conditions. Methodologically, the endogenous HSP genes of N. benthamiana transiently silenced by corresponding heterologous sequences isolated from Capparis spinosa L. using a virus system of gene silencing. Silencing of HSP70, compared to other two HSPs, resulted in stronger negative effects on growth and physiological parameters especially under salinity conditions. Loss of function of molecular chaperones following gene silencing might be partially compensated with a higher accumulation of proline to protect membranes and proteins from stress-related damages. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have vital roles during plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as stress-free conditions. In the present study, we used a heterologous strategy of virus induced gene silencing to investigate the role of different classes of HSPs in Nicotiana benthamiana. Different growth and physiological parameters in silenced plants were evaluated under both control and salt stress conditions. Among the treatments, silencing of HSP70, especially under salinity regime, was found to have stronger impacts on growth, protein concentration, the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, proline and total soluble carbohydrates content, malondialdehyde, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, performance index, relative water content and the ratio of K + /Na + , suggesting a more prominent role for HSP70 in both stressful and stress-free life cycle of the plants. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering indicated that HSP70 gene was silenced, the plants might effectively respond to stress by a higher accumulation of compatible solutes, like proline to protect the cell membranes and proteins from damage.
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET), 2024
ABSTRACT: Due to the present scenario of climate change, plants have to evolve strategies to survive and perform under a plethora of biotic and abiotic stresses, which restrict plant productivity. Maintenance of plant protein functional conformation and preventing non-native proteins from aggregation, which leads to metabolic disruption, are of prime importance. Plant heat shock proteins (HSPs), as chaperones, play a pivotal role in conferring biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Moreover, HSP also enhances membrane stability and detoxifies the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by positively regulating the antioxidant enzymes system. Additionally, it uses ROS as a signal to molecules to induce HSP production. HSP also enhances plant immunity by the accumulation and stability of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins under various biotic stresses.
Journal of Biosciences, 2004
Compared to the overall multiplicity of more than 20 plant Hsfs, detailed analyses are mainly restricted to tomato and Arabidopsis and to three important representatives of the family (Hsfs A1, A2 and B1). The three Hsfs represent examples of striking functional diversification specialized for the three phases of the heat stress (hs) response (triggering, maintenance and recovery). This is best illustrated for the tomato Hsf system: (i) HsfA1a is the master regulator responsible for hs-induced gene expression including synthesis of HsfA2 and HsfB1. It is indispensible for the development of thermotolerance. (ii) Although functionally equivalent to HsfA1a, HsfA2 is exclusively found after hs induction and represents the dominant Hsf, the “working horse” of the hs response in plants subjected to repeated cycles of hs and recovery in a hot summer period. Tomato HsfA2 is tightly integrated into a network of interacting proteins (HsfA1a, Hsp17-CII, Hsp17-CI) influencing its activity and intracellular distribution. (iii) Because of structural peculiarities, HsfB1 acts as coregulator enhancing the activity of HsfA1a and/or HsfA2. But in addition, it cooperates with yet to be identified other transcription factors in maintaining and/or restoring housekeeping gene expression.
Journal of Bioresource Management, 2021
Heat shock proteins assist in folding proteins that is a basic cellular constituent responsible for various crucial functions including protein assembly, transportation, folding in normal conditions and denaturation of proteins in stress and in other cellular function. Abiotic factors like increased temperature, drought and salinity negatively affect reproduction and survival of plants. Plants (HSPs), as chaperones, have crucial part in conversing biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Plants react towards critical changes through biochemical, growth, and physiological mechanisms included expression of stress-reactive proteins, which are regulated by interconnected signaling cascades of transcription factors including heat stress TFs.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2011
Drought and heat stress are among the abiotic factors causing the most severe damage on plant crops. Their combination is quite common in dry and semi-dry regions worldwide and little is known about its effect on heat shock protein (HSP) profile in wheat plants. The expression of four HSP genes (Hsp 17.8, Hsp 26.3, Hsp 70 and Hsp 101b) in Triticum aestivum L. plants subjected to individually applied water deprivation or high temperature and their combination was monitored via one-step RT-PCR analysis. Changes in the expression levels of small HSPs (smHSPs), HSP70 and HSP100 were established also by SDS-PAGE. The combination of drought and heat induced HSP expression more effectively than the individually applied stresses. The induction of HSPs displayed greater rate in the drought-tolerant wheat variety Katya than in the drought-sensitive cv. Sadovo. The results obtained in wheat plants suggested that the effect of separately applied drought and heat shock cannot be extrapolated to their combination.
Role of plant heat-shock proteins and molecular chaperones in the abiotic stress response
Trends in Plant Science, 2004
Abiotic stresses usually cause protein dysfunction. Maintaining proteins in their functional conformations and preventing the aggregation of non-native proteins are particularly important for cell survival under stress. Heat-shock proteins (Hsps)/chaperones are responsible for protein folding, assembly, translocation and degradation in many normal cellular processes, stabilize proteins and membranes, and can assist in protein refolding under stress conditions. They can play a crucial role in protecting plants against stress by reestablishing normal protein conformation and thus cellular homeostasis. Here, we summarize the significance of Hsps and chaperones in abiotic stress responses in plants, and discuss the co-operation among their different classes and their interactions with other stressinduced components.
Pakistan Journal of Botany
Abiotic stresses are the key hazard limitation to plant development and sustainable agriculture throughout the world. The investigation of stress tolerant genes by genome scale transcriptome analysis will provide opportunities for the development of stress tolerant crop varieties. Here, we report a potential stress tolerance gene HSP17.6B (AT2G29500) in Arabidopsis thaliana that can confer tolerance to Arabidopsis plants upon overexpression. HSP17.6B overexpression resulted in higher root elongation, increased plants survival rate, reduced electrolyte leakage and retention of chlorophyll contents under heat stress condition in comparison to wild-type plants. Overall, we showed AtHSP17.6B as a potential heat stress tolerance candidate in Arabidopsis thaliana.