Closed form solution for dynamic of sustainable tourism (original) (raw)

Closed Form Solution for Dynamics of Sustainable Tourism

The attention to environmental conditions of the planet drives many scientists to study and to analyze the externalities of the economic activities and their relapses on nature. The issue is quite complex because of the non-linear in- teractions between human and natural phenomena. Our intention is to study the particular case of tourist activities. Starting from the specication of the concept of sustainable development, using a simple model we characterize the conditions for which there exists an optimal equilibrium between nature and tourism. Then, trough several simulations we study which policies are able to guarantee the better synergies between economy and environmental quality.

Dynamic implications of tourism and environmental quality

Journal of Public Economic Theory

Many studies draw attention to the rising number of tourists seeking destinations in environmental hotspots. However, it is also recognized that tourism activities significantly deteriorate the environment. Our paper investigates the dynamic interaction between tourism and environmental quality, focusing on its effect on the development of tourism-driven economies. We use a theoretical model in order to study the dynamic implications of this interaction. In this respect, we point out the role played by environmental maintenance activities and ecotourism. Ecotourism allows the economy to improve welfare in the long-term, but we identify a social cost in terms of current generations' welfare. Finally, the existence of imbalance effects between tourism infrastructures and environmental quality provides new insights about the transitional dynamics of tourism destinations.

The Environment, Tourist Transport and the Sustainable Development of Tourism

The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, 2016

The article explores the complex relationships between the natural environment , tourist transport and sustainable tourism development. In order to research the impact of natural resources on tourism activity, on the one hand, and the influences of tourism on the environment, on the other hand, statistical and mathematical methods of analysis and forecast were used, namely, the analysis of the dynamics of significant indicators of the natural environment and of tourist activity, the correlation method, the Markov chains method. The analyses made lead us to the conclusion of the existence of a positive evolution of significant indicators of the natural environment, with an impact on tourist activity, such as natural parks. It has been emphasized; also, that this positive evolution has a direct influence on the attraction of visitors, specifically, foreign ones, but the intensity of this influence is average. The intensification of the actions of promotion of natural parks and, genera...

Dynamics in a environmental model with tourism taxation

2012

The purpose of this work is to analyze the dynamics of a model describing the interaction between tourists (T) and environmental resource (E) in the presence or absence of a tourist tax , used to protect the environmental resource. The model highlights how the introduction of tourist tax complicates the dynamics of the system, thus giving origin a new internal equilibrium that is a saddle point, which the stable manifold separates the basin attraction of the locally attractive internal positive point from the one equilibrium point (K; 0), which is also locally stable. Moreover, starting from a system with beta= 0, which has an unstable internal equilibrium, a suitable combination of tourist tax and defensive expenditures leads to a stabilization the protect system.

Tourism specialization and environmental sustainability in a dynamic economy

Tourism economics, 2007

This study focuses on the dynamic behaviour of a small open economy specialized in tourism based on natural resources. The author analyses the steady-state properties in two scenarios, with and without public abatement expenditures, and a unique local saddle-point equilibrium is found for both cases. The analysis of the dynamics provides an alternative explanation for the observed positive growth performance of small open tourism-based economies and for the worldwide increases in tourist inflows, which are seen as transitional phenomena towards the path to the steady state. Moreover, in defining the conditions under which tourism development, improvements in environmental quality and economic growth can simultaneously occur, the model provides theoretical microfoundations for sustainable tourism. Finally, in both scenarios, the author analyses the issue of market failures, taking into account two different kinds of externality and finding the respective optimal tax rates that will induce private agents to replicate the social optimum.

Economic welfare, the environment and the tourist product life cycle

Tourism Economics, 2007

The tourist product life cycle model predicts different stages of the evolution of the industry in a particular region, focusing on the number of tourists visiting over a period of time. In this paper, we consider the role of environmental degradation and the decline in natural capital as determinants of the tourist product life cycle and the implications for economic welfare. It is shown that the optimal trajectory of tourist consumption increases when the stock of natural capital is high and environmental attributes are preserved, and tend to decline when the tourist product has reached a low level of natural capital, which is defined as the stock of natural resources giving value to the tourist product. The main implication is that the evolution of demand as represented by the number of tourists does not need to match economic welfare. In addition, the evolution of the tourist product life cycle converges to a stationary solution characterized by positive levels of tourist consumption and natural capital. The results have implications for the optimal management of the number of tourists and the environmental attributes of tourist destinations. Optimal taxation can play a role in financing the maintenance of the optimal level of natural capital in the stationary state.

Modelling socio-ecological tourism-based systems for sustainability

Ecological Modelling, 2007

The analysis of socio-ecological systems requires new, qualitatively distinct, evaluation schemes and appropriate investigation tools that enable an integrated assessment of ecological, social, and economic factors since human land use is a major force driving landscape change, landscape dynamics can be better understood in the context of complex social-ecological systems (SESs). Tourist resorts are deemed as socio-ecological systems, and tourism is a tool for development but could affect the quality of ecosystem goods and services since it could degrade natural renewable and non-renewable resources. In this paper we develop a minimal descriptive model of socio-ecological systems based on tourism, starting from the work of Casagrandi and Rinaldi [Casagrandi, R., Rinaldi, S., 2002. A theoretical approach to tourism sustainability. Conserv. Ecol. 6 (1), 13 (Online). URL: http://www.consecol.org/vol6/iss1/art33\], and based on data from a real tourist destination in southern Italy. We develop the model focusing on the interplay among tourists (T), quality of ecosystem goods and services (E), and capital (C), intended as accommodation and entertainment facilities, to make the model more realistic, and to provide a tool for scenario building to support more effectively sustainable management of tourist destination. In particular, we focus on the interplay between tourism and ecosystem quality, distinguishing two main tourist typologies – mass and eco-tourists – and taking into account ecosystem quality in terms of ecosystem goods and services, with a time dependent function, and defining a degradation coefficient of tourist site to be used as a bifurcation parameter. We explore different scenarios, with regards to coexistence of tourist classes and equilibria stability, as generated by variation of the bifurcation parameter. Finally, we discuss the overall results in terms of basins of attraction and stability landscape, and system resilience together with their implications for sustainable tourist destination management.

Environmental effects of tourism industry investments: an inter-temporal trade-off

Optimal Control Applications and Methods, 2002

Efficient investment programs in touristic infrastructure have to take into consideration that any kind of tourism reduces the environmental quality. Since pollution shows negative repercussions as concerns the attractiveness of a touristic region, tourism planners have to determine a trade-off between adequate services for tourists and a clean environment. To deal with this problem in a dynamic context, a three-state optimal control model is formulated. It turns out that, even if pollution reduction is not a goal in itself, the profit-maximizing tourism industry should care for ecological conservation. The paper further shows that persistent periodic investment policies are optimal for realistic parameter sets, and provides an economic intuition for such behavior. From an economic point of view, this result implies that expansionary periods with high investment are followed by periods of stagnation with low investment.

On the Optimality of Limit Cycles in Nature Based-Tourism

International journal of pure and applied mathematics, 2012

Virgin nature, as well as historical and cultural monuments located in National Parks, all form part of our national heritage. Tourism and recre- ation allow visitors to National Parks to enjoy nature, to reinstate, recover and broaden their personal outlook, to experience local history, culture, ora and fauna and to interact with the environment harmoniously. One of the ob- jectives of the administration of a Governmental Institution 'National Park' is to maximize prots from tourism and recreation, where prot is dened as the difference between the revenues from visitors and the sum of expenditures on recreation investments and defensive expenditures for ensuring the preserva- tion of natural and cultural heritage. This paper is an attempt to model some relevant aspects of these prey-predator relations. The model is formulated in terms of optimal control theory, and then is transformed into an `augmented' dynamic system by meas of the optimal choice of control variables ...