A Study on the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Students of Hail University (original) (raw)
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Background: A sedentary lifestyle and prevalence of obesity are the key factors which lead to an increasing prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus. There is strong evidence that modifiable risk factors such as obesity and physical inactivity are the main non-genetic determinants of the disease and could be modified. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of obesity (≥ 30 BMI - body mass index) among the selected subjects. Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional study was adopted. Around 1000 female subjects aged 30-50 years, with Type II diabetes mellitus were selected randomly from Abha and Khamis Mushayat Diabetic care centers. The data were collected by questionnaire which included background information. Other physiological, biochemical and anthropometric parameters were measured using standard procedures. The statistical analysis was done on SPSS 20 platform. Results: The socioeconomic background did not correlate with BMI and other selected anthropometric (waist and hip circumference) and biochemical parameters such as fasting and random blood sugar levels. With regards to the BMI status of the subjects, a majority of the subjects were in Grade I (31.1%) and Grade II (29.8%) obesity ranges indicating high prevalence rate of obesity in the diabetes mellitus subjects. Around 8.6% of the subjects had morbid obesity (≥ 40 BMI). Totally the prevalence of obesity in the present study in type II diabetes mellitus subjects was 69.5%. Conclusion: Stressing on the importance of a balanced low glycemic diet and adequate physical activity through regular counseling of the diabetes subjects, to treat and prevent obesity is the need of the hour.
DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS RISK FACTORS
EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR), 2018
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus has raised faster in low and middle income countries than in high income country. Diabetes Mellitus is a cardiovascular metabolic condition with characteristics of chronic high blood glucose levels and a high risk of difficulties like, eyes damage, kidneys damage, nervous system damage, hearing deficiency, Alzheimer and cardio vascular diseases. There were 1.16 million cases of diabetes in Sri Lanka in 2016. There are numerous risk factors of diabetes mellitus. But the majority of the humankind is unaware of the factors of the prevalence of this. Therefore the main purpose of this study was to determine the factors effecting for diabetes mellitus. The data were obtained from a cross sectional survey conducted through a structured questionnaire using 100 participants chose from cluster sampling and simple random sampling. Descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation, frequency, proportion, and percentage and inferential statistics comprising χ2 test, factor analysis, and discriminant analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS and Excel. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in females was higher than in males. Higher educated population had a less prevalence of the disease. Diabetes mellitus showed a positive relationship with age, less physical activity, and BMI value. Among these diabetic patientss, 56.9% had family history of diabetes; and 47.10% were performance sedentary work. There was a significant association between diabetic community and BMI χ2 (3) = 31.041, p = .000. Therefore, measures must be taken to implement health policies to aware the society about the diabetes mellitus
Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science, 2018
Diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder. It is estimated that about 2 percent of the general population in Iran and 7.3 percent of people over 30 have diabetes. This disease is associated with multiple short-term and long-term complications, which in many cases is not reversible. This retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and its related factors in diabetic patients hospitalized in Khatam-ol-Anbia Hospital in Shoushtar during 1994-95. In this retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, 1257 patients with diagnosis and history of diabetes were examined from all 19995 patients referring to Khatam-ol-Anbia Hospital in Shoushtar during 2014 to 2015. And the required information was collected through a researcher-made checklist from the records. The inclusion criteria for all diabetic patients were Type One and Two. Pregnant diabetes, cases without diabetes and incomplete cases (213 n =) were excluded. Data were then entered into SPSS software version 17. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Chisquare, T-test, ANOVA and non-parametric tests such as Mann-Whitney and P <0/05 Were analyzed. The sample consisted of 1257 individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with an average age of 58.6 ± 17.6. Of these, 43.2% were male and the rest were female. Of these, 18.6% had type 1 diabetes and the other type 2 diabetes. People with a weaker economic status were more likely to have type 2 diabetes (P <0.0001). Also, people with lower literacy were significantly more likely to have type 2 diabetes than those with more educated ones (P = 0.002). Due to the relatively high prevalence of diabetes in this study and the fact that people with lower literacy are less likely to suffer from type 2 diabetes, there is a need for a higher education class and education through the media and cyberspace to improve the level of education of these patients. It looks like Also, because prevention is always prioritized, it is therefore recommended that training should be provided to diabetic patients in the field of treatment, prevention, and other necessary training through treatment staff, especially nurses, because of the direct and continuous relationship with Patients should be presented.
Evaluation of risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in medical students using Indian diabetes risk score
Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2011
BACKGROUND: According to World Health Organisation, type 2 diabetes mellitus [type 2 D. M] has recently escalated in all age groups and is now being identified in younger age groups. This underscores the need for mass awareness and screening programs to detect diabetes at an early stage. For this purpose we have used a simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) for prediction of diabetes in undergraduate medical students. OBJECTIVES: To screen and to identify 1st MBBS students at risk for developing type 2 D. M using IDRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 261 undergraduates (1st MBBS students) were scored using IDRS which includes age, family history of diabetes, exercise status, and waist circumference. After scoring them, we assessed random capillary blood glucose (RCBG) in students with high IDRS score. Students with RCBG ≥ 113 mg/dl are followed for definitive tests for diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We have assessed 261 students till now. It was observed that 5%, 55%, and 38% students in High, Moderate, and Low risk group, respectively, for developing type 2 D. M. The mean abdominal obesity in high risk students was 101.95 ± 5.76 as compared to 79.17 ± 11.08 in moderate and low risk students (P < 0.0001). 63% students were having sedentary lifestyle. Family history of diabetes in either or both parents was present in 25% students. Mean RCBG in students having score more than 50 was 97.33 ± 9.68 mg/dl. Also, two students were having RCBG > 113 mg/dl in which one student found to have prediabetic. CONCLUSION: This underscores the need for further investigations to detect diabetes at an early stage and to overcome the disease burden of diabetes in future. Prevention of obesity and promotion of physical activity have to be the future plan of action which can be suggested in the form of regular exercise and diet planning for the students as part of an integrated approach.
International Journal of Nutrition, Food science and dietetics, 2017
Background: A sedentary lifestyle and the prevalence of obesity are the key factors that lead to an increasing prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus. There is strong evidence that modifiable risk factors such as obesity and physical inactivity are the main non-genetic determinants of the disease and could be modified. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of obesity (≥ 30 BMI - body mass index) among the selected subjects.Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was adopted. Around 1000 female subjects aged 30-50 years, with Type II diabetes mellitus were selected randomly from Abha and Khamis Mushayat Diabetic care centers. The data were collected by a questionnaire that included background information. Other physiological, biochemical, and anthropometric parameters were measured using standard procedures. The statistical analysis was done on SPSS 20 platform. Results: The socioeconomic background did not correlate with BMI and other selected anthropometric (waist and hip circumference) and biochemical parameters such as fasting and random blood sugar levels. With regards to the BMI status of the subjects, a majority of the subjects were in Grade I (31.1%) and Grade II (29.8%) obesity ranges indicating a high prevalence rate of obesity in the diabetes mellitus subjects. Around 8.6% of the subjects had morbid obesity (≥ 40 BMI). Totally the prevalence of obesity in the present study in type II diabetes mellitus subjects was 69.5%.Conclusion: Stressing on the importance of a balanced low glycemic diet and adequate physical activity through regular counseling of the diabetes subjects, to treat and prevent obesity is the need of the hour.
Diabetes: Prevalence, Incidence and Risk Factor
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, 2018
Diabetes, already one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, is affecting increasing numbers worldwide. This increase cannot be attributed to a single cause, but rather, to a combination of demographic, lifestyle and clinical factors. Reductions in physical activity and greater caloric intake have contributed to a substantial rise in the prevalence for diabetes. Changes in diagnosis criteria could also influence the number of cases that are identified. Finally, growing public and physician awareness could increase testing, and result in detection of more cases. The main objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and incidence of diabetes among patients aged 31 or older and risk factors associated with developing the condition. Our study showed 46% prevalence of diabetes i.e diabetic population was 341 among 732 total population. Diabetes is no longer only disease of the elderly but is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality affecting youth and middle aged people.
Diabetes & its Complications
Background: Body mass index (BMI) criteria are currently the primary focus in obesity treatment recommendations, with different treatment cutoff points based upon the presence or absence of obesity-related comorbid disease. Aim: This project aimed to explore the relationship of body mass index with blood sugar. Patients & methods: Seventy-one adult diabetic patients (36 males+35 females) were subjected to this study. Body mass index was calculated for each patient and random blood sugar was also measured. Results: The highest mean value of BMI was among male & female patients in the age group 60-69 years old, which reached 36.57 & 32.74, respectively while the mean value of random blood sugar in males was among the age group 30-39 years which reached 258.88 mg/dL. But it was 295.0mg/dL among age group >70years in females. Conclusion: It is concluded that obesity is an important risk factor for diabetes and there was a relationship between BMI and increased blood sugar
Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2013
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that either arrives during the early years of growth (juvenile diabetes) or later in life (maturity onset diabetes) [1]. This disorder results from a defect in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Insulin deficiency in turn leads to chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism [2]. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels [3]. Previously, National Diabetes Data Group classified diabetes into major types according to descriptive of their clinical presentation: Noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The new classification system identifies four types of diabetes mellitus: type 1, type 2, "other specific types" and gestational diabetes [4]. The pathogenesis of diabetes includes reduce insulin secretion, decrease glucose usage and increase glucose production. Diabetes is classified into: type 1 diabetes (insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or IDDM) due to islet β-cell destruction, type 2 diabetes (non insulin dependent diabetes or NIDDM) due to varying degree of insulin resistance and/or insulin secretary defects, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes (where the diabetes is diagnosed for the first time in pregnancy) [5] .
DOI: 10.4103/bjem.bjem_2_22, 2022
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common and serious chronic debilitating disease. Until recently, type 2 diabetes has been typically regarded as a disease of the middle-aged and elderly. While this age group still maintains a higher risk than younger adults, evidence is accumulating that onset in those under 30 years is increasingly common. Type 2 diabetes and its complications constitute a major public health hazard affecting people in both developed and developing countries. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been increasing exponentially, across the World. Multiple risk factors of diabetes, delayed diagnosis, life-threatening complications, sub-therapeutic treatment, and higher treatment costs are some crucial barriers to the control of type 2 diabetes. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to assess the risk factors of T2D in 1st-year MBBS and BDS students of North East Medical College (NEMC), Sylhet, Bangladesh. Methods: This was an observational crosssectional study undertaken at the Endocrine Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh, during the period from November 2017 to February 2018. Non-probability purposive sampling was done. Out of 145 MBBS and BDS students who got admitted in session 2017-2018, data of 143 students were included as a part of regular medical checkup after permission of the concerned authority. As applicable, all data were expressed as frequencies and mean ±SD or mean ±SE. Student's t-test and Chi-square test were conducted where the p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Data analysis was done using computer-based SPSS version-22.0. Results: Among the total of 143 participants, 36.8% were female, and the male-female ratio was 1:1.7. Among all of them, 53% belonged to the 17-20-year age group whereas the rest 47% belonged to the 21-22-year age group. In analyzing the association of risk factors among participants we observed that the highest number of participants was associated with a family history of DM which was 19.83%. Then 18.95%,
Pakistan Journal of Public Health
Background: Among the non-communicable diseases diabetes is life-threatening condition whose long-time complication causes heart attack, blindness, stroke and kidney failure. The objective was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding diabetes among the final year students of home economics, university of Peshawar. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among final year university students of home economics, university of Peshawar from June to December 2019. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used for the study. After taking written consent from individual participants a predesigned questionnaire was filled. Data was collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 16. Results: This study included a total of 120 female students of graduate and master level. Among these students 33 (27.5%) were undergraduate and 87 (72.5%) were master level students. It was found that 39 (32.5%) female students were either self-diabetics or on...