In vitro activity of Hyssopus officinalis, Tussilage farfara, Carum copticum extracts against Leishmania major in Iran (original) (raw)
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Leishmania is transmitted by sandflies that ingest the parasite in the amastigote phase resident within macrophages, then inoculate the promastigote phase into body hosts. The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro effects of alcoholic extracts of plants on L. major. The extract of aerial parts of plants were obtained by maceration. The in vitro experiments were performed on promastigotes to assess anti Leishmanial activity of the extracts using glucantime as a reference. The extract of plants and glucantime solutions for biological testing were prepared in PBS atseveral concentration, respectively. All experiments were repeated at least three times in duplicate. For the extract of plants and glucantime, the concentration-response curve was plotted, from which IC50 values were determined also MTT assay was done. The different concentrations resulted in different optical densities or inhibitory percentages (P<0.05) so that extract of plants were effective against L. ...
In Vitro Activity of Hyssopus Officinalis, Tussilage Farfara, Carum Copticum Extracts Against
2015
Asadi, Mehri Noori and Fatemeh Maleki. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Leishmania is transmitted by sandflies that ingest the parasite in the amastigote phase resident within macrophages, then inoculate the promastigote phase into body hosts. The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro effects of alcoholic extract of Plants on L.major. The extract of aerial parts of plants were obtained by maceration. The in vitro experiments were performed on promastigotes to assess antileishmanial activity of the extracts using glucantime as 194 Fatemeh Tabatabaie et al. a reference. The extract of plants and glucantime solutions for biological testing were prepared in PBS at 0.05-0.1-0.2-0.4 μg/mL and 1μg/mL, respectively. All experiments were repeated at least three times in duplicate. For the extract o...
Advanced Studies in Biology, 2014
Leishmaniasis are transferred by sand flies belonging to the genus Phlebotomus. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Hyssopus officinalis, Tussilage farfara, Carum copticum plants and compared with systemic glucantime against cutaneous leishmaniasis in vivo. The studies were carried out on cutaneous leishmaniasis in inbread mice to evaluate the effects of topical application of the ointment-based extracts two times daily for maximum of 20 days. A total of 45 mice were randomised into five groups (placebo group received the ointment base without the extract, systemic Glucantime as a reference group, Test groups: Hyssopus officinalis, Tussilage farfara, Carum copticum ointments) each including nine mice. NO production in macrophages was assayed.The result was suggestive that plants ointments were effective in production of nitrite but was not significantly more effective as compared with glucantime hence these plants are effective for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Balb/c mice.
Anti-leishmanial and toxicity activities of some selected Iranian medicinal plants
Parasitology Research, 2012
Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis in Iran. As there is not any vaccine for leishmaniasis, treatment is important to prevent the spreading of parasites. There is, therefore, a need to develop newer drugs from different sources. The aim of this study was to assess anti-leishmanial activity of the ethanolic extracts of 17 different medicinal plants against Leishmania major promastigotes and macrophage cell line J774. The selection of the hereby studied 17 plants was based on the existing information on their local ethnobotanic history. Plants were dried, powdered, and macerated in a hydroalcoholic solution. Resulting extracts have been assessed for in vitro anti-leishmanial and brine shrimp toxicity activities. Four plants, Caesalpinia gilliesii, Satureia hortensis, Carum copticum heirm, and Thymus migricus, displayed high antileishmanial activity (IC50, 9.76±1.27, 15.625±3.76, 15.625 ±5.46, and 31.25±15.44 μM, respectively) and were toxic against the J774 macrophage cell line at higher concentrations than those needed to inhibit the parasite cell growth (IC50, 45.13 ± 3.17, 100.44 ± 17.48, 43.76 ± 0.78, and 39.67 ± 3.29 μM, respectively). Glucantime as positive control inhibited the growth of L. major promastigotes with IC500 254 μg/ml on promastigotes (1×10 6 /100 μ/well) of a log phase culture, without affecting the growth of J774 macrophages. These data revealed that C. gilliesii, S. hortensis, C. copticum heirm, and T. migricus extracts contain active compounds, which could serve as alternative agents in the control of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The activity of these herbs against L. major promastigotes and macrophage cell line J774 was reported for the first time in our study.
Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one form of leishmaniasis that chiefly infected the poor sections of the society. The prototypical therapeutic interventions in vogue are handicapped due to toxicity and an alarming increase in drug resistance. Furthermore, the absence of vaccines has raised the quest for alternative therapies. So, the aim of our study was to assess the anti-leishmanial activity of Euphorbia cactus Ehrenb, Euphorbia ammak Forssk, Euphorbia inarticulate Schweinf, and Pergularia tomentosa L. The extracts of plants were prepared by maceration method and by Soxhlet extractor. The extracts were dried and re-dissolved in 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 1% solvent. Leishmania spp. cells were then tested with serial concentrations (15.6 μgml-1 to 500 μg ml-1 ) of the extracts, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthazolk-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. All experiments were performed in triplicate and analyzed by ANOVA test. The optical density values as measured by Enzyme-Li...
Anti-leishmanial Activity of Hyssopus officinalis : A Review
2017
Through this work shed light on the importance of medicinal plants and natural products, which are important sources of biologically active substances of medical interest? And especially shed light on Hyssopous officinalis. Nevertheless, several experimental studies are required to confirm the therapeutic potential of this plant and determine whether biological differences reflect the different isolation procedures, different types of plant material used, phytochemical constituents or different chemotypes.
Screening of In Vitro Antileishmanial Activity of Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants
National Academy Science Letters, 2015
The chemotherapeutic intervention for discovering drugs against leishmaniasis suffers from limitations as toxicity, high cost and development of resistant strains of Leishmania. As a result of unprecedented increase in the number of newly diagnosed cases against leishmaniasis, development of drugs from medicinal plants is gaining widespread interest. Different solvent extracts from ten plants were colorimetrically tested against the promastigotes. In the present study, aqueous extract of all the plants gave some level of activity against the promastigotes. The aqueous extract of Solanum xanthocarpum gave IC 50 value of 110 lg ml-1 followed by ethanolic extract of Tephrosia purpurea with IC 50 value of 141 lg ml-1. Moderate antipromastigote activity with inhibition of parasite growth in the range of 30-40 % was witnessed in the extracts of Asparagus racemosus, Boerhaavia diffusa, Citrullus colocynthis, Spilanthes acmella and Thuja occidentalis. For quality determination and reproducibility of results the aqueous extract of S. xanthocarpum and ethanolic extract of T. purpurea were analyzed through HPLC and general profile of the extract was recorded. The aqueous extract of S. xanthocarpum was also subjected to UV-Vis spectrophotometry and FTIR analysis. The results of this study advocate the promotion of medicinal plant products for the isolation of new natural molecules for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
In vitro and in vivo susceptibility of Leishmania major to some medicinal plants
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of some medicinal plants and systemic glucantime in a comparative manner against the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis both in vitro and in BALB/c mice. Methods: For in vivo testing, inbred mice were challenged with Leishmania major parasites and the resultant ulcers were treated with extract based-ointments applied topically two times per day for a period of 20 days. A group of 56 mice were randomly divided into 7 subgroups. The control group received the ointment void of extracts, whereas the reference group received glucantime only. The efficacy of treatments was evaluated by measuring ulcer diameter, parasite burden and NO production. Results: Our results indicated that plant extract based-ointments were effective in reducing ulcer size and parasite burden in spleens, but their effects did not differ significantly from that of glucantime. The plant extracts tested in this study were able to increase NO production that helped parasite suppression. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the tested plant extracts are effective against Leishmania major both during in vitro and in vivo experiments, but further researches are required to recommend a potential plant extract as an alternative drug.
The Efficacy of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Prosopis farcta Against Leishmania major
Turkish Journal of Parasitology
Objective: Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major (L. major) is an endemic disease in Iran. The current reference drugs, including Glucantime, possess high toxicity in addition to some side-effects. Therefore, there is a growing interest in exploring biomedical plants. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the anti-leishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of hydroalcoholic extracts from Prosopis farcta (P. farcta) over promastigote and amastigote forms. Methods: This study was performed at the Iran Birjand University of Medical Sciences, during the year 2019. In this study, the hydroalcoholic extracts of the stems, leaves (LE) and fruits (FE) of P. farcta were obtained. The anti-leishmanial activity was assessed against leptomonad promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. major. The cytotoxicity of these extracts was determined in murine macrophages. Results: The FE and LE of P. farcta demonstrated a significant leishmanicidal effect against L. major promastigotes with an IC50 of 0.9 mg/mL and 1.1 mg/mL, respectively. The FE showed the most anti-leishmanial activity and presented with the highest index of selectivity (SI=14.6) as an anti-leishmanial product. Infected macrophages treated using the FE showed a reduction in parasite burden by 97.3%. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated the leishmanicidal activity of P. farcta on both promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. There is a need for performing comprehensive studies on relevant animal models and to access the effects of active components of P. farcta extract on the growth of L. major.
Anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activities of extracts from three Pakistani plants
Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activities of extracts of different parts of Lawsonia Inermis, Morus nigra and Ziziphus mauritiana. Methods: The methanol extracts of all three plant materials at concentrations of 10-100 µg/mL were tested for their in vitro anti-leishmanial effects on L. tropica KWH23 promastigotes for 24-48 h, relative to negative control and amphotericin-B (standard drug). For in vivo anti-leishmanial activity, the extracts were tested against L. tropica-infected albino mice, while cytotoxicity was investigated against mammalian cells (lymphocytes). Results: For Lawsonia Inermis leaves, mean inhibition of extracellular promastigotes at 10, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL after 48 h were 98.2 ± 0.06, 98.75 ± 1.09, 99.31 ± 0.00 and 100.00 ± 0.00 %, respectively. After 8 weeks, mean lesion size decreased from 0.8 ± 0.2 mm to 0.3 ± 0.1 mm (p < 0.01), and cure at 150 mg/kg against intracellular amastigotes in albino mice was 97.02 % (95 % CI = 96.14-98.10). IC50 for Lawsonia inermis leaf extract was 12.22 µg/mL (95 % CI = 11.54-13.84) against lymphocytes. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study show that Lawsonia Inermis leaf is safe and possesses potent anti-leishmanial activity.