Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements at 60 GHz in Indoor Environments (original) (raw)
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Angular Measurements and Analysis of the Indoor Propagation Channel at 60 GHz
2019 International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)
In this work, we present a propagation measurements campaign conducted at 60 GHz in a typical indoor office environment. These measurements can be useful in order to exploit multipaths, aiming to maintain the quality of the communication in the case of blocking the direct path due to an obstruction created by people, furniture or other obstacles. The measurements were realized on 2 GHz bandwidth using a vector network analyzer (VNA). At the receiving side being always visible by the transmitter, a rotation by 6 • over 360 • is performed. The obtained results allow to compute different channel parameters such as: path loss, RMS delay spread and coherence bandwidth. In our study, we consider for each receiver position two situations: the direct orientation and the best indirect orientation of the receiving antenna. These results show that the path loss of the best indirect orientation increases up to 18 dB compared to the direct orientation. Indeed, some positions may be more affected than others in the case of blocking the direct orientation. The obtained results will be useful both to design the new broadband communication systems and to deploy wireless local and personal area networks (WLAN/WPAN) operating in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands. Index Terms-60 GHz, indoor radio channel, measurements, VNA, path loss, RMS delay spread, coherence bandwidth, angle of arrival
Spatial and temporal characteristics of 60-GHz indoor channels
2002
This article presents measurement results and models for 60-GHz channels. Multipath components were resolved in time by using a sliding correlator with 10-ns resolution and in space by sweeping a directional antenna with 7 half power beamwidth in the azimuthal direction. Power delay profiles (PDPs) and power angle profiles (PAPs) were measured in various indoor and short-range outdoor environments. Detailed multipath structure was retrieved from PDPs and PAPs and was related to site-specific environments. Results show an excellent correlation between the propagation environments and the multipath channel structures. The measurement results confirm that the majority of the multipath components can be determined from image based ray tracing techniques for line-of-sight (LOS) applications. For non-LOS (NLOS) propagation through walls, the metallic structure of composite walls must be considered. From the recorded PDPs and PAPs, received signal power and statistical parameters of angle-of-arrival and time-of-arrival were also calculated. These parameters accurately describe the spatial and temporal properties of millimeter-wave channels and can be used as empirical values for broadband wireless system design for 60-GHz short-range channels.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008
This paper presents a brief overview of several studies concerning the indoor wireless communications at 60 GHz performed by the IETR. The characterization and the modeling of the radio propagation channel are based on several measurement campaigns realized with the channel sounder developed at IETR. Some typical residential environments were also simulated by ray tracing and Gaussian Beam Tracking. The obtained results show a good agreement with the similar experimental results. Currently, the IETR is developing a high data rate wireless communication system operating at 60 GHz. The single-carrier architecture of this system is also presented.
Coverage and Throughput Analysis at 60 GHz for Indoor WLAN with Indirect Paths
2018
The 60 GHz frequency band enables the combination of high bandwidth free of interference and very high throughput WLANs such as 802.11ad, 802.11ay and maybe 5G. Propagation loss in millimeter-wave band may be a strong limitation to deployment and practical usage, in particular in non-line of sight. For this purpose, this paper presents 60 GHz channel sounding and throughput measurement results in an indoor residential environment. The presented results are focused on nondirect multipath characteristics that could be potentially used by smart antenna solution to extend 60 GHz communications in non-line of sight.
Comparative study of millimeter wave propagation at 30 GHz and 60 GHz in indoor environment
International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 1995
The millimeter wave band appears to be a favourable choice for personal wireless communication systems for indoor environment, as it meets the requirements for sufficient bandwidth, small terminal dimensions and sporadic usage for commercial applications. In this paper measurements of millimeter wave propagation in both 30 GHz and 60 GHz bands, are presented in a comparative way. The topology of measurements covers both a line-of-sight situation and also a case where a direct path between transmitter and receiver does not exist. Although the second case does not seem obvious for outdoor applications in these frequencies, in indoor environment the multipath signals produced by objects like walls, doors, furniture etc., can be utilised in order to overcome the man-made shadowing. Both slow and fast fading characteristics of the received signal are studied and the measurements are modelled by the conventional Rician and Rayleigh distributions. Both frequency bands offer advantages for 1845 0195-927t/95/1000-184557.50 © 1995 Plenum Publishing Corporation 1846 Polydorou a aL usage in in-house wireless communication systems. Although in 30 GHz band the coverage area is bigger than in 60 GHz (with the same transmitting power), frequency reuse is easier in 60 GHz band. because even if millimeter waves 'escape' through 'windows', the specific attenuation due to atmospheric oxygen (15 dB/km) at 60 GHz eliminates the interference between communication channels in neighbouring buildings.
International Journal of Experimental Research and Review, 2024
Due to the recent surge in the proliferation of smart wireless devices that feature higher data speeds, there has been a rise in demand for faster indoor data communication services. Moreover, there is a sharp increase in the amount of mobile data being generated worldwide, and much of this data comes from residential wireless applications like high-definition TV, device-to-device communication, and high data rate indoor networks (i.e., local and cellular). These technologies need large capacity, high data rate indoor wireless networks with huge bandwidth. Consequently, a greater interest exists in implementing an effective and trustworthy indoor propagation model for next-generation wireless systems operating in the massively bandwidth-rich millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency range. The analysis of mm-wave propagation characteristics in an indoor environment using the ray tracing approach is proposed in this paper. Propagation modeling for 60 GHz bands is included. The aspects of wideband propagation characteristics such as angular spread, path loss, delay spread, and power delay profile are modeled in this paper. The position of transceivers, antenna effect, and attenuation, in the hallways, and stairwells will all be considered while determining the propagation parameters. This includes wave propagation characteristics like absorption, reflection, and diffraction by building structures and furniture. The specifications for propagation characteristics are included in the article for developing indoor local and cellular networks. In this paper, the IRT model has been tested at 60 GHz for potential mobile communication and is identified as the best method for predicting signal attenuation caused by objects, barriers, or humans within buildings in internal millimeter wave transmission.
Survey of Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Models in Indoor Environments
MDPI, 2021
The millimeter-wave (mmWave) is expected to deliver a huge bandwidth to address the future demands for higher data rate transmissions. However, one of the major challenges in the mmWave band is the increase in signal loss as the operating frequency increases. This has attracted several research interests both from academia and the industry for indoor and outdoor mmWave operations. This paper focuses on the works that have been carried out in the study of the mmWave channel measurement in indoor environments. A survey of the measurement techniques, prominent path loss models, analysis of path loss and delay spread for mmWave in different indoor environments is presented. This covers the mmWave frequencies from 28 GHz to 100 GHz that have been considered in the last two decades. In addition, the possible future trends for the mmWave indoor propagation studies and measurements have been discussed. These include the critical indoor environment, the roles of artificial intelligence, channel characterization for indoor devices, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, and mmWave for 6G systems. This survey can help engineers and researchers to plan, design, and optimize reliable 5G wireless indoor networks. It will also motivate the researchers and engineering communities towards finding a better outcome in the future trends of the mmWave indoor wireless network for 6G systems and beyond.
Wideband indoor, communication channels at 60 GHz
Proceedings of PIMRC '96 - 7th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Communications, 1996
Design of high quality, high speed wireless networks to connect mobile users requires large bandwidth availability. For this reason and with the aim of implementing new wireless systems, special attention has been paid to millimetre waves networks (e.g. at 60 GHz) based on short range communications. The paper presents some results concerning indoor channel characterisation. A ray tracing method has been applied to a realistic environment, with the view to define proper analytical models for propagation parameters. More precisely, large-scale received power, Rice factor, delay spread as a function of distance and small-scale variations statistics have been investigated in the presence and in the absence of room furnitures: a two-state model has been proposed and checked.
A Feasibility Study of 60 GHz Indoor WLANs
2016 25th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN)
This paper presents a feasibility study of 60 GHz indoor WLANs. We evaluate 60 GHz performance in a typical academic office building under the primary assumption that 60 GHz WLAN APs and clients will be equipped with relatively wide-beam antennas to cope with client mobility. In contrast to previous works which measured performance at a single layer using custom, non-standard compliant hardware, we investigate performance across multiple layers using 802.11ad-compliant wide-beam COTS devices. Our study shows that the large number of reflective surfaces in typical indoor WLAN environments combined with wider beams makes performance highly unpredictable and invalidates several assumptions that hold true in static, narrow-beam, Line-Of-Sight (LOS) scenarios. Additionally, we present the first measurements, to our best knowledge, of power consumption of an 802.11ad NIC and examine the impact of a number of factors on power consumption.