Instrumentos de medición de diversas características psicosociales para niñas y jóvenes mexicanas en situación de desamparo (original) (raw)
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Salud mental, 2021
Introduction. Suffering from psychosocial vulnerability, particularly during adolescence, increases the likelihood of experiencing adverse life circumstances, psychiatric conditions, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Objective. We studied: 1. record-based demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the frequency of NSSI in adolescents, beneficiaries of services for vulnerable population of one of six Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s), we compared by beneficiary type: internal (IB) versus external (EB); 2. predictive relationship of NSSI with depression, difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) and suicidal ideation (administered measures); 3. Comparison of average scores on measures by: quality of attachment (QOA) and presence/absence of NSSI. Method. A convenience sample of 255 adolescents (45.5% women, ages 11-15) answered instruments in institutional facilities (Mexico City and Puebla), where 181 (71%) resided as IB and 74 (29%) resided in family home (EB). The m...
Salud mental
Introduction. Although child maltreatment is related with psychopathologic symptoms, however their clinical prevalence in the general population and more so in specific groups of age and gender, such as female adolescents, has been scarcely documented. Objective. The purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence mental illness symptoms ‒such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety‒ in female adolescent maltreatment victims in Mexico. Method. Fifty-five 12-17-year old female adolescent victims of maltreatment (sexual, physical, and emotional abuse) recruited from four different Mexican institutions were evaluated through clinical scales for post-traumatic stress, depression, and anxiety, in addition to clinical interviews. Results. More than half of the participants presented significant scores of psychopathological symptoms in the three scales evaluated. Discussion and conclusion. The high prevalence of psychopathologic symptoms found in this study su...
Past Child Abuse and Neglect in Adults From Northern Mexico: Development of a Scale and Prevalence
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2020
Child abuse has been present in Mexico but there have been few studies that analyze its effects in adults. There are no Mexican validated scales that measure the relationship between abuse experienced in childhood and its effects into adulthood. The purpose of this study is to develop a past child abuse and neglect scale to measure these phenomena in adults and also to analyze the relationship the effects have with other psychological variables (e.g., anxiety, depression, self-esteem, partner-violence, personality, and fatalism). There were 763 participants from Juarez City, located on the northern border of Mexico. All participants were above the age of 18 years. The scale was developed, and its psychometric properties were analyzed. A first analysis consisted of analyzing the factor structure of the scale items with an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and then a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to corroborate the factor structure. The resulting factors were guilt, rel...
Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2016
The present study examined the validity of a selfreport parenting instrument for use with Mexican adolescents. The 13-item measure was adapted from the Mexican Parenting Questionnaire. The sample included 1123 adolescents (M age = 15.07, SD = 1.52) from Puebla, Mexico. Adolescents self-reported on six subscales of parenting (i.e., affection, verbal guidance, monitoring, communication, physical punishment and verbal punishment), as well as on measures of school grades, life satisfaction, familism, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Using confirmatory factor analyses, the original constructs were found to be a good fit with the data. Most subscales consisted of moderate levels of internal consistency and predicted several measures of adolescent adjustment in expected directions. Girls were more likely to report higher levels of monitoring, affection, and communication than boys. Adolescents who were younger and who reported lower school grades were more likely to report greater levels of physical punishment. Familism was positively associated with five of the six parenting dimensions (i.e., affection, verbal guidance, monitoring, physical punishment, and communication). Findings advance understanding on families and adolescent well-being in Mexico and may inform culturally competent services for clinicians who work with Mexican families.
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 2019
It is estimated that aproximately 4% of the world's population is either living with depression, anxiety, or both. The prevalence of these disorders has been consistently increasing. This widespread and increasing prevalence highlights the importance of having well-validated scales to assess symptoms in different languages. The Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ; Clark and Watson Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(3), 316-336, 1991) is a commonly used self-report questionnaire that assesses both depression and anxiety symptoms. To investigate the psychometric properties of a Spanish translation of two short forms of the MASQ (the MASQ-SF and Mini-MASQ), each item was translated and back translated by bilingual researchers and checked by two additional senior investigators. The sample included 238 graduate and undergraduate students from Northwestern Mexico. Participants also completed questionnaires assessing self-reported perceived stress, well-being, resilience, and personality traits. We examined internal consistency reliability, factor structure, and convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity of both MASQ short forms. The Mini-MASQ and MASQ-SF showed good internal consistency; moreover, consistent with previous studies, a three-factor structure emerged. We additionally found that MASQ measures were negatively associated with well-being and resilience, and positively related to stress and neuroticism. The study findings suggest that these Spanish versions of the the Mini-MASQ and MASQ-SF are valid and reliable instruments to assess dimensional aspects of depression and anxiety and can be implemented in studies in Northwest Mexico.
Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2020
Purpose: This study evaluated the risk posed by attachment type in the development of anxiety or depression symptomatology in Mexican adults. Design and Methods: This was case-control study in which anxiety and depression symptomatology levels were compared according to the attachment type reported by 3,666 participants. Findings: It was found that insecure attachment is a risk factor (p .001) for the development of severe levels of depression (OR ¼ 2.12, CI 95%: 1.66-2.70) and anxiety symptomatology (OR ¼ 1.52, 95% CI: 1.30-1.77). Findings are discussed based on their implications for psychiatric nursing practice. Practice Implications: The findings of this study enable nurses to consider the empirical validity of attachment theory for studying psychosocial aspects of mental health and to design intervention strategies that promote secure attachment in populations without psychiatric diagnoses to prevent anxiety and depression symptomatology.
Validación de la Escala de Resiliencia para Adolescentes (READ) en México
Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 2015
Debido al impacto de la resiliencia en el desarrollo personal y social de los jóvenes, es importante concentrar esfuerzos en construir o adaptar instrumentos capaces de medir y evaluar la resiliencia con validez y confiabilidad. Sin embargo actualmente no existe un instrumento adecuado en español adaptado y validado a la población mexicana para evaluar la resiliencia en los adolescentes, lo que hace necesaria la realización de este estudio con el objetivo de validar la Escala de Resiliencia para adolescentes (READ) con una muestra de adolescentes mexicanos. En este estudio se realizó la validación del READ en una muestra de 840 adolescentes que viven en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (México). Se realiza análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios, así como la validez convergente y divergente de la escala. Se encuentran características similares a otras validaciones del instrumento, diferenciándose en la generación de un nuevo factor que es relativo a la orientación a ...