Advanced Smart Material Based Nano sensors for Viral Detections (original) (raw)
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Accepted Manuscript Nanomaterial-based biosensors for detection of pathogenic virus
Viruses, are real menace to human safety that causes devastating viral disease. The high prevalence of these diseases is due to improper detecting tools. Therefore, there is a remarkable demand to identify viruses in a fast, selective and accurate way. Several biosensors have been designed and commercialized for detection of pathogenic viruses. However, they present many challenges. Nanotechnology overcome these challenges and perform direct detection of molecular targets in real time. In this overview, studies concerning nanotechnology-based biosensors for pathogenic virus detection have been summarized, paying special attention to biosensors based on graphene oxide, silica, carbon nanotubes , gold, silver, zinc oxide and magnetic nanoparticles, which could pave the way to detect viral diseases and provide healthy life for infected patients.
NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR DETECTION OF DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES-CURRENT OVERVIEW Review Article
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021
Nanotechnology is having a high impact on the development of a novel class of biosensors called nanobiosensors. This technology has utilized some extremely exciting elements for sensing phenomenon improvement. The utilization of nano-materials, nano-rods, nano-particles, nano-tubes have aided rapid, reliable reproducibility and its detection in a much better way. The unique properties of nanobiosensors and its varied applications have influenced biosensing research. Since longtime, nanobiosensors have been utilized worldwide for the diagnosis of diseases co-related with molecular detection of biomarkers. This paper highlights the use of such nanobiosensors for the detection of the virus, infections, fungal pathogens, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related diseases such as Cardiovascular diseases (CDVs), Renal Arthritis (RA) through different techniques including electrochemical biosensing, optical biosensing, point of care-diagnostics etc.
Smart materials-integrated sensor technologies for COVID-19 diagnosis
Emergent Materials
After the first case has appeared in China, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose an omnipresent threat to global health, affecting more than 70 million patients and leading to around 1.6 million deaths. To implement rapid and effective clinical management, early diagnosis is the mainstay. Today, real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR test is the major diagnostic practice as a gold standard method for accurate diagnosis of this disease. On the other side, serological assays are easy to be implemented for the disease screening. Considering the limitations of today's tests including lengthy assay time, cost, the need for skilled personnel, and specialized infrastructure, both strategies, however, have impediments to be applied to the resource-scarce settings. Therefore, there is an urgent need to democratize all these practices to be applicable across the globe, specifically to the locations comprising of very limited infrastructure. In this regard, sensor systems have been utilized in clinical diagnostics largely, holding great potential to have pivotal roles as an alternative or complementary options to these current tests, providing crucial fashions such as being suitable for point-of-care settings, cost-effective, and having short turnover time. In particular, the integration of smart materials into sensor technologies leverages their analytical performances, including sensitivity, linear dynamic range, and specificity. Herein, we comprehensively review major smart materials such as nanomaterials, photosensitive materials, electrically sensitive materials, their integration with sensor platforms, and applications as wearable tools within the scope of the COVID-19 diagnosis.
New Age Detection of Viruses: The Nano-Biosensors
2021
Viruses and their related diseases have always posed a significant hazard to humans. The current pandemic caused by the Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is the latest illustration of what this tiny organism can do to humanity at large, putting everything on the brink of collapse. So it is reasonable that early diagnosis of infection from viruses remains a crucial step to prevent such human suffering. Many traditional methods are already in use for detecting viruses, including molecular approaches, serological methods, direct virus culture methods, and so on. Such traditional methods though are brilliant at some stages but are not devoid of drawbacks. To overcome the limits of conventional procedures, new techniques have been developed which tried to eradicate the demerits of the former procedures. Biosensors have come up with a lot of promises in terms of detecting viruses and diseases connected with them. The development of various types of such biosensors such as Affinity-based nano-bi...
Nanosphere Structures Using Various Materials: A Strategy for Signal Amplification for Virus Sensing
Sensors
Nanomaterials have been explored in the sensing research field in the last decades. Mainly, 3D nanomaterials have played a vital role in advancing biomedical applications, and less attention was given to their application in the field of biosensors for pathogenic virus detection. The versatility and tunability of a wide range of nanomaterials contributed to the development of a rapid, portable biosensor platform. In this review, we discuss 3D nanospheres, one of the classes of nanostructured materials with a homogeneous and dense matrix wherein a guest substance is carried within the matrix or on its surface. This review is segmented based on the type of nanosphere and their elaborative application in various sensing techniques. We emphasize the concept of signal amplification strategies using different nanosphere structures constructed from a polymer, carbon, silica, and metal–organic framework (MOF) for rendering high-level sensitivity of virus detection. We also briefly elaborate...
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Recent years have witnessed the emergence of several viruses and other pathogens. Some of these infectious diseases have spread globally, resulting in pandemics. Although biosensors of various types have been utilized for virus detection, their limited sensitivity remains an issue. Therefore, the development of better diagnostic tools that facilitate the more efficient detection of viruses and other pathogens has become important. Nanotechnology has been recognized as a powerful tool for the detection of viruses, and it is expected to change the landscape of virus detection and analysis. Recently, nanomaterials have gained enormous attention for their value in improving biosensor performance owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio and quantum size effects. This article reviews the impact of nanotechnology on the design, development, and performance of sensors for the detection of viruses. Special attention has been paid to nanoscale materials, various types of nanobiosensors, the internet of medical things, and artificial intelligence-based viral diagnostic techniques.
Viral Nano-Bio-Sensing and SARS-CoV-2: A Literature Review
Cyprus Journal of Medical Sciences
As new advancements and technologies are emerging in this world, so is the spread of new diseases. The world, as we know it, is moving very fast. With this pace, diseases are also borne. The spread of new viruses, such as coronavirus disease-2019, require new technologies faster and more precise than ever before. Countries all around the world are connected, and moving from place to place has become easy. For that reason, pandemics are an increasing threat. A disease is considered a pandemic when it has spread through a large area, possibly worldwide and has become an international threat. In order to limit the spread of diseases, or viruses in particular, the early detection and diagnosis of patients is essential to decrease the number of infections. Biosensors play an important role in the medical field, such as in viral detection. Nanotechnology has gained a lot of interest in its use in bio-sensing. Nano-biosensors have shown more advanced properties than regular biosensors and thus are able to detect diseases faster and more precisely than before. Our main focus in this literature review is to explore new technologies and advancements made with nanotechnology and bio-sensing in viral detection, especially in the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2.
Biosensors as Nano-Analytical Tools for COVID-19 Detection
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Selective, sensitive and affordable techniques to detect disease and underlying health issues have been developed recently. Biosensors as nanoanalytical tools have taken a front seat in this context. Nanotechnology-enabled progress in the health sector has aided in disease and pandemic management at a very early stage efficiently. This report reflects the state-of-the-art of nanobiosensor-based virus detection technology in terms of their detection methods, targets, limits of detection, range, sensitivity, assay time, etc. The article effectively summarizes the challenges with traditional technologies and newly emerging biosensors, including the nanotechnology-based detection kit for COVID-19; optically enhanced technology; and electrochemical, smart and wearable enabled nanobiosensors. The less explored but crucial piezoelectric nanobiosensor and the reverse transcription-loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)-based biosensor are also discussed here. The article could be ...
An Alternative Medical Diagnosis Method: Biosensors for Virus Detection
Biosensors, 2019
Infectious diseases still pose an omnipresent threat to global and public health, especially in many countries and rural areas of cities. Underlying reasons of such serious maladies can be summarized as the paucity of appropriate analysis methods and subsequent treatment strategies due to the limited access of centralized and equipped health care facilities for diagnosis. Biosensors hold great impact to turn our current analytical methods into diagnostic strategies by restructuring their sensing module for the detection of biomolecules, especially nano-sized objects such as protein biomarkers and viruses. Unquestionably, current sensing platforms require continuous updates to address growing challenges in the diagnosis of viruses as viruses change quickly and spread largely from person-to-person, indicating the urgency of early diagnosis. Some of the challenges can be classified in biological barriers (specificity, low number of targets, and biological matrices) and technological li...
Sensor Surface Design with NanoMaterials: A New Platform in the Diagnosis of COVID-19
Biotechnology to Combat COVID-19, 2022
Mass testing for COVID-19 is essential to defining patient management strategies, choosing the best clinical management, and dimensioning strategies for controlling viral dissemination and immunization strategies. Thus, it is of utmost importance to search for devices that allow a quick and reliable diagnosis of low cost that can be transposed from the bench to the bedside, such as biosensors. These devices can help choose the correct clinical management to minimize factors that lead to infected patients developing more severe diseases. The use of nanomaterials to modify biosensors’ surfaces to increase these devices’ sensitivity and their biofunctionality enables high-quality nanotechnological platforms. In addition to the diagnostic benefits, nanotechnological platforms that facilitate the monitoring of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may be the key to determining loss of protective immune response after an episode of COVID-19, which leads to a possible chance of reinfection, as well a...