Energy Consumption by Battery Operated Auto-rickshaws (original) (raw)
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An Assessment of Battery Operated Auto Rickshaw's Impact: A case study in Rangpur city, Bangladesh
2019
Battery operated auto-rickshaw is a common three-wheeled fast-growing vehicle in Rangpur city. This paper describes the social, economic, environmental impact and shows the purposive comparison of solar-based auto-rickshaw within the battery oriented auto-rickshaw in the area of Rangpur city. In this work, various questions were asked to the auto-rickshaw drivers, passengers, and importers for acquiring the total scenario of social and economic condition of auto-rickshaw. And for the environmental impact different data were collected from the power supply authorities of Rangpur city. The findings say that the number of autorickshaw was 400 in 2012 which has risen in the number to 6,500 in 2019 to a great extent which is the cause for reducing unemployment problem in accordance with increasing traffic jams. The findings of the study also contain that the economic and social condition gets improved by the owner of battery-operated auto-rickshaw whereas the rented battery-operated autorickshaw driver is not getting improvement as much as the owner of the auto-rickshaw but both having enough income compared with their previous profession's income. And only 32.5% drivers consider that there is less social value for the profession. Auto rickshaw has no sound pollution, but it is creating trouble by consuming electricity, which is produced by burning fossil fuel and are the cause of continuous air pollution. And according to the field survey total of 21,800 auto rickshaw runs every day in the Rangpur city which is consuming 19.62 megawatts of electricity where the production of electricity is limited as well as it is the cause of both shortage of electricity and 9810 kg emission of carbon per day. But the shortage of electricity and emission of CO 2 could be reduced or mitigated by using solar oriented auto rickshaw.
The Role of Battery Operated Auto-Rickshaw in the Transportation System of a City
Journal of Asian Electric Vehicle, 11(1), 1635-1644, 2013
The paper contains primary data-based analysis on the role played by Battery Operated Auto-rickshaws in urban transportation system. Different aspects of battery operated auto-rickshaw, such as energy consumption rate, transport related emission attenuation rate, potentials of generating income and employment, trip characteristics, problems associated etc have been explored with a view to providing a generalized idea on the mode. The paper would provide guidelines to the policy makers of a country regarding whether and how to incorporate the mode in the local town's transportation system. Battery operated auto-rickshaw offers lower travel cost than rickshaw, greater travel comfort than other urban para-transits like auto tempo, nosimon and public transport like minibus, and therefore attracts passengers significantly from those modes. Around 88% of people living in a city where battery operated auto-rickshaws are available, avail the mode now to meet their travel demand. Through attracting passengers from fuel operated vehicles, the mode has replaced them at great extent. A considerable percentage of daily electricity demand of local towns is being consumed by this mode which is creating pressure on local electricity supply in turn. However, considering the duration and period of load shedding caused due to recharging this mode, energy consumption by the mode can be negotiated as it is liable for only 1.53 hours of load shedding a day which takes place at off-peak period at night. The mode is economically beneficial in case of investment too as it involves an income-cost ratio of 1.85. From operator's point of view, driving of the mode as an occupation involves lower investment cost, greater earning, more comfort and occupational freedom than other occupations available in local towns for low income people.
American Journal of Engineering Research, 2(4), 1-11, 2013
The paper contains primary data based analysis on the role played by Battery Operated Autorickshaw in urban transportation system. As a transport mode, different aspects of battery operated autorickshaw like trip characteristics, travel speed, travel fare, type of use, problems associated etc have been explored with a view to providing a generalized idea on the mode. The paper would provide guidelines to the policy makers of a country regarding whether and how to incorporate the mode in the local town‟s transportation system. Moreover, the paper with scientific outcomes might assist transport planners in modeling for efficient transportation in the mixed traffic condition where battery operated auto-rickshaw co-exists as well.
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 2013
Auto rickshaws are tiny, three-wheeled vehicles which are used extensively in many Asian countries for transport of people and goods. The vehicles are small and narrow allowing for easy maneuverability in congested Asian metropolises. In Bangladesh, auto rickshaws are commonly used as taxis. This is due to the use of an engine, typically a 2 or 4 stroke, with almost no pollution control. Usually fuels are used in auto rickshaws. But a few years ago some auto rickshaws have been imported from china which is run by battery. The numbers of battery powered auto rickshaws are increasing day by day. This research paper includes comparison study of battery operated easy bike with CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) operated auto rickshaw in terms of cost (operating cost, manufacturing cost, maintenance cost), user friendly and environmental issue.
Integrating BRT Systems with Rickshaws in Developing Cities to Promote Energy Efficient Travel
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012
Rickshaws are 'green vehicles' and might be able to act as feeder services to public transport if planned properly. Many cities have implemented BRT systems, while others are planning to do so. Several modern BRT systems (i.e. Bogota, Guangzhou) have modal integration with bicycles; however, there is no BRT system in the world yet which demonstrates integration with rickshaws. With the case study of Dhaka City, the research explores: if rickshaws can act as a feeder service to BRT systems; what type of BRT station design would best support such an arrangement; whether fare integration between rickshaws and BRT systems is possible. A total of 11 focus group discussions (FGDs) of different stakeholders and 25 interviews of the key informants were conducted. The outcome of research could be helpful for other cities having rickshaws that have (or are planning for) BRT systems.
Energy Procedia, 2014
The continuous increase in population and industrial development of the country has led to the increase in the demand for transport, both in cities and in the rural areas. However, the present transport system of the country is unable to meet the demand, thereby resulting in the introduction of different types of vehicles such as mechanized van rickshaws (as in case of West Bengal) in the streets. With the increasing popularity, the defects with these vehicles came into the forefront which forced the high court to issue a ban on these vehicles. This study aims at finding out the energy consumption pattern, the social and economic impact of these vehicles and to investigate the possibility of whether these vehicles can be modified so that they can be allowed to ply the streets of the rural areas.
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2014
Transport sector in India accounts for 20 % of total commercial energy demand of the country, of which a considerable amount is consumed in the form of liquid and gaseous fuel. A major part of these fuels are imported by the Government. Apart from the import expenditure, Government of India has subsidized these fuels to make it available at affordable prices. To check the financial burden and achieve environmental benefits, technical advancement in present system or alternative infrastructure is required. The present study examines the possible impacts on economy and environment by the implementation of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) along with the conventional road transport system in metropolitans with a case study of Kolkata. The major impact has been observed in controlling the vehicular emission with a decrease in CO 2 level by 26.27 t per day, on replacement of only 2 % of the present public transport by suitable BEVs. Maintaining similar service for the passengers the electrical energy required by the alternative vehicles has been estimated to be 41,766 kWh per day. This energy has been proposed to be supplied by remodeled fuel stations equipped with solar photovoltaic systems, if charging strategy is based on renewable sources. In case of fuel economy, the infrastructure has shown the potential in reducing the consumption of diesel and autogas (LPG) by 11,654 and 3,256 liter per day, respectively.
International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial and Materials Engineering 2017, 2017
Auto-rickshaws are used thoroughly in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan etc. countries for transportation of public and goods. The vehicles are small and narrow allowing for easy transportability in busy Asian metropolises. In Bangladesh, auto rickshaws/easy bikes commonly offer their taxi-services, as they are incredibly inexpensive to operate. Concurrently these three-wheelers running on fuel cause severe air-pollution and produce considerable amounts of greenhouse gasses (i.e. carbon dioxide). This paper presents a transportation system based upon auto rickshaws that operate in an eco-friendly way. Existing vehicles are to be substituted by a micro cross type system redesigned in a manner which boosts the efficiency of the vehicle. In addition, a recharging infrastructure is proposed that will allow for the power-packs to be charged using partially alternative energy such as solar power. Thus far, we have appeared at the existing vehicle and the environment, in which it operates and investigated recharging infrastructure requirements and designs. The goal of the research presented in this paper is to develop a compact, robust and affordable hybrid system as a way to significantly reducing fuel consumption and exhausts of auto-rickshaws.
Energy Procedia, 2015
Battery operated electric three-wheelers or e-rickshaws have recently emerged in the public road transport sector in India. These vehicles have gained much popularity owing to the comfortable and economic mode of transport they provide to the fellow commuters. The present work is based on a case study in West Bengal state where the travel pattern of these vehicles has been studied. The average specific energy consumption of the e-rickshaws has been found to be 53.76 kJ/passenger-km, which is the most efficient among other forms of motorized three-wheeled passenger vehicles. This study also delineates the challenges that stand in the way of proper implementation of these e-rickshaws in the public transport sector.
Battery Operated Auto-rickshaw and Its Role in Urban Income and Employ- ment Generation
2012
Battery operated auto-rickshaw, since its advent in local towns of Bangladesh has been playing significant role in increasing income and generating employment opportunities for the poor urban dwellers. Investment on the mode is highly economically beneficial as it involves an income-cost ratio of 1.85. On average, income of individual operators from their previous occupations was BDT 251.75 per day while driving of the mode has doubled it now. In addition, around 21% of the operators were unemployed previously who are now offered with employment opportunities by the mode. Around 38% of total operators were intended to migrate to Dhaka if the mode would have not been introduced in their towns. At all, driving of the mode having some clear benefits over other occupations available in local towns has become a popular medium of income to poor urban dwellers.