Feeding biology of Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae) on velvet bean (original) (raw)
Related papers
Experimental and Applied Acarology, 1995
The use of chlorophyll fluorescence as a method for detecting and monitoring plant stress arising from Tetranychus urticae (Koch) feeding injury was investigated. The effect of mite density (1-32 mites per 1.5 cm z of leaf) and the duration of the feeding period (1-5 days) on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of bean (Phaseolus oulgaris) leaves were examined. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were dependent both on mite density and duration of feeding. Decreases in Fo, the initial fluorescence and Fro, the maximum fluorescence led to a decrease in the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence, Fv/F m. The decrease in FJF m is typical of the response of many plants to a wide range of environmental stresses and indicates a reduced efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry. 7"1/2, which is proportional to the pool size of electron acceptors on the reducing side of PSII, was also reduced in response to mite-feeding injury. The leaf chlorophyll content decreased with increasing mite density and duration of feeding but did not appear to contribute to the decrease in Fv/F m. Chlorophyll fluorescence is an effective method for detecting and monitoring stress in T. urticae-injured bean leaves.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
The biological aspects and life table parameters of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch were studied under laboratory conditions on two kinds of host plants, tomato leaves and cucumber leaves. The study showed that the incubation period, the total immature stages, life cycle and generation of T. urticae on tomato leaves were higher than them on cucumber leaves. The life cycle was 13.58 and 9.52 days on tomato leaves and cucumber leaves, respectively. The generation period was 15.91 and 11.19 days on tomato leaves and cucumber leaves, respectively. On the other hand, longevity and life span of T. urticae were higher on cucumber than on tomato. Longevity was 15.33 and 19.97 days on tomato leaves and cucumber leaves, respectively. The life span was 28.91 and 29.49 days on tomato leaves and cucumber leaves, respectively. Also, the daily main number of laid eggs was higher on cucumber, 5.36, than on tomato, 4.71. Also, the results demonstrated that the population of T. urticae had the ability to multiply about 1.91 and 2.53 on tomato and cucumber leaves, respectively.
Demographic Traits of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Leaf Discs and Whole Leaves
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2009
Life tables of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), were studied on leaf discs and whole leaves of the common bean plant, Phaseolus vulgaris L. Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Durations of deutonymph stage, total preadult stage, and preoviposition period of mites reared on whole leaves (1.22, 7.6, and 0.29 d, respectively) were signiÞcantly shorter than those reared on leaf discs (1.73, 8.2, and 0.89 d, respectively). The lifetime fecundities were 22.81 and 12.05 offspring on whole leaves and leaf discs, respectively. Although hooked trichomes on the lower surface of the bean leaf contribute to adult mortality, spider mites successfully survive and reproduce on bean plants. The intrinsic rate of increase on whole leaves (0.235 d Ϫ1 ) was higher than that on leaf discs (0.159 d Ϫ1 ). Higher intrinsic rate and fecundity found in mites reared on whole leaves may be due to the higher nutritional quality of whole leaves over leaf discs. We suggest that whole leaves should be used in future studies to better simulate realistic life history characteristics. The advantages of using age-stage, two-sex life tables over female age-speciÞc life tables are discussed.
Life Parameters of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Six Common Bean Cultivars
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2014
It is well recognized that the quality of host plants affects the development and survival of twospotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. The life table parameters of T. urticae, on six cultivars of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (chiti Khomein, chiti Ks21189, red Akhtar, red Ks31169, white Pak, and white G11867) were studied at constant laboratory conditions (27 Ϯ 2ЊC, 70 Ϯ 5% RH and 16:8 L:D). Total development times of immature males and females were signiÞcantly inßuenced by bean cultivar. T. urticae laid signiÞcantly more eggs per day on red Akhtar (16.16) than on the other cultivars. The mean generation time ranged from 23.37 to 34.82 d, and a signiÞcant varietal effect was seen. Percentage of egg hatchability of twospotted spider mite ranged from 88.25 to 94.20%. The highest intrinsic rate of increase, was recorded on red Akhtar (0.269 Ϯ 0.031) and the lowest value was obtained on white Pak (0.129 Ϯ 0.048). In addition, net reproductive rate and Þnite rate of increase of the twospotted spider mite had the highest value on red Akhtar: 62.38 Ϯ 1.05 and 1.30 Ϯ 1.02, respectively. The lowest values of these parameters were recorded on white Pak as 26.11 Ϯ 1.40 and 1.13 Ϯ 1.10, respectively. Doubling time varied signiÞcantly on different cultivars and the lowest and highest values were obtained on red Akhtar and white Pak, respectively. Our Þndings revealed that white beans (Pak and G11867) were less suitable cultivars, suggesting that they are more resistant to the twospotted spider mite than the other cultivars. KEY WORDS life table parameter, fecundity, resistance, common bean, twospotted spider mite Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important and widely grown crops in the world, and commercially produced in Markazi, Lorestan, Fars, and Zanjan provinces of Iran. Based on reports by the Iranian Ministry of Agriculture (Statistical Bulletin, Iran, 2005) this crop is grown on Ͼ105,000 ha annually in Iran. Various pests affect common bean production in Iran, among which the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is considered important in many bean-growing areas of Iran (Rott and
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is very polyphagous and considered a serious pest worldwide. The use of relatively resistant crop cultivars may limit the negative effects of this pest; we therefore compared population growth parameters of T. urticae reared on five commonly grown bean cultivars in Iran (Derakhshan, G14, Sayyad, D81, and Talash). The life table parameters were estimated at 25±1 o C, 60±10% RH, and a photoperiod of 18:6 h (L:D). Egg hatchability, development time and survival to adult stage were similar among cultivars, but we detected significant variation in fecundity and longevity, resulting in large differences for population growth parameters like the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m ), net reproductive rate (R 0 ), finite rate of increase (λ) and doubling time (DT). Sayyad was the most favourable host for two-spotted spider mites with r m = 0.295 (offspring/female/day), followed by G14 (0.261), D81 (0.244) and Derakhshan (0.238). The slowest population growth was observed on the Talash variety with r m = 0.214. These findings indicate that the choice of bean variety will affect how fast spider mite populations reach damaging levels in a culture.
STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF SPIDER MITE (TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH) INFESTING COUNTRY BEAN
2008
The duration of developmental stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch was studied in different months of a year at room temperature. In addition fecundity of this mite was also observed in winter, autumn and summer seasons. T. urticae eggs hatched to larvae in the shortest duration of 1.07 ± 0.26 days and the longest duration of 11.67 ± 2.33 days in April and January, respectively. The larval period of T. urticae took the shortest time of 0.55 ± 0.50 days in May and 2.93 ± 1.07 days in December. The protonymph transformed to deutonymph in 0.89 ± 0.32 day in May and 3.71 ± 1.94 in December and January. The deutonymph required the shortest duration of 0.92 ± 0.41 days in August and the longest of 10.26 ± 1.48 days in January. The temperature played significant (P<0.001) role on the duration of developmental stages of T. urticae. The high temperature accelerated the developmental rate and reduced the duration of developmental periods. Its life cycle completed within 4.22 ± 0.46 days at 28.53 ± 3.17°C but 28.33 ± 2.36 days at 13.78 ± 2.36°C. A female T. urticae deposited 82.46 ± 4.11 eggs in autumn, 62.96 ± 12.09 eggs in summer and 58.21 ±1 3.65 eggs in winter.
Life Table Parameters ofTetranychus urticaeKoch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Different Bean Varieties
African Entomology, 2015
The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a cosmopolitan pest of many greenhouse and field crops worldwide. Host plant quality affects the development, survival and fecundity of T. urticae. The life table parameters of T. urticae on three country bean varieties (Lablab purpureus L.), namely IPSA Seam 1, BARI Seam 1 and Kartica, were maintained at 25 ± 2°C, 65 ± 5 % relative humidity (RH) and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) in a growth chamber. The mean immature development time of T. urticae from egg to adult was significantly longer on IPSA Seam 1 than on the other two varieties. There were significant variations in fecundity and longevity which resulted in large differences on population growth parameters like the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), net reproductive rate (Ro), finite rate of increase (l) and doubling time (tD). Kartica and BARI Seam 1 were the most suitable host for T. urticae with rm = 0.230 and 0.223 (offspring/female/day), respectively. The slowest population growth was observed on IPSA Seam 1 with rm = 0.197. The findings of the current study indicated that IPSA Seam 1 is a less suitable variety to two-spotted spider mite compared to the other two varieties. Furthermore, these results may lead to finding and screening process of comparatively resistant country bean varieties to be used in the management of T. urticae.
University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University, 2009
Three predators Scolothrips sexmaculatus Pergande, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias - Henriot and Stethorus punctillum Weise were used to control two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch on potted bean plants. Mite population increased exponentially on the untreated plants, but on the predator treated plants, increase of mite population was checked and remained within minimum number. Early release of predator checked the mite population earlier and kept it lower than on late released plants. All the three predators may be used as bio-control agents against two-spotted spider mite. Key words: Control, Tetranychus urticae, Scolothrips sexmaculatus, Phytoseiulus persimilis, Stethorus punctillum and bio-control agents. Â doi:10.3329/ujzru.v27i0.1954 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 27, 2008 pp. 51-54
Feeding of the Carmine Spider Mite on Seven Host Plant Species
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 1980
Fecundity, survival and feeding of the bean-adapted carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval), were compared on seven host plants (bean, rose, sweet potato, hibiscus, castor bean, cotton and Algerian ivy). Fecundity, feeding and efficiency of converting ingested food to eggs were consistent only on the original, best (bean) and worst (Algerian ivy) hosts. It is suggested that each of these fitness traits may be differently affected by the host plant.