Chemical Composition and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from Fruits of Morinda lucida (original) (raw)
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Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial study on the leaves of Morinda lucida (Rubiaceae)
An ethno-medicinal study was conducted through the means of an informal interview with an herbalist at Akim-Tafo, in the Eastern region of Ghana. Preliminary phytochemical tests carried out on the leaves of Morindalucida indicated the presence of saponins, anthraquinones, cardenolides, alkaloids, sterols and tannins. ThinLayer Chromatography and Column Chromatography method were used in the laboratory for the analysis of acrude extract from Morinda lucida. A total of nine components were isolated from Morinda lucida using asolvent system containing hexane and ethyl acetate (2:1) as the mobile phase and a stationary phase of silica gel.The crude leaf extract of Morinda lucida was investigated for inhibitory activity on Salmonella typhi,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro using the agar well diffusion method. Morindalucida showed inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with no activityagainst Salmonella typhi at a concentratio...
In vitro antimicrobial appraisal of the potentials of Morinda lucida against some selected bacteria
Food Research
The bioactive compounds from plant extract represent a potent alternative to combating the increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to synthetic drugs. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical, and antibacterial activities of Morinda lucida. Leaves of M. lucida was extracted successively using n-hexane, acetone, methanol and distilled water. The crude plant extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against pathogens found in food and other sources such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella spp. using the agar well diffusion technique. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out using the microbroth dilution technique. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids and sterols in all extracts. Flavonoid was only present in the n-Hexane extract. The result showed that n-Hexane extract had the widest zone of inhibition against P. aeruginosa...
The purpose of this research work is to determine the antimicrobial activities of crude ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of Morinda lucida leaf, stem, and bark growing in Adekunle Ajasin University Botanical Garden against selected clinical isolates. The plant Morindal lucida falls under the family Rubiaceae known to have wide usage in traditional medicine. Morinda lucida is a tropical West African tree of medium-size about 18–25 m tall, the bark is grey to brown in color, flowers are white in color, the fruit is a drupe, seed is ellipsoid, yellowish and soft. The antibacterial potency of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of Murinda lucida leaf, stem, and bark were tested against selected clinical isolates, the clinical isolates are Escherichia coli (ATCC 0157), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans (ATCC 90029), Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 35657), Mycobacterium fortuitum (ATCC 6841). Mycobacterium smegmatis (ATCC 19420), Mycobacterium abscessus (ATCC 19977), Mycobacterium phlei (ATCC 19240), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213). Agar well diffusion method was used to measure the antibacterial activities of Morinda lucida against the clinical isolates. We observed that the, Morinda lucida has antimicrobial activity against the clinical isolates. It was also observed that, the ethanol extracts of leaf and bark has better antimicrobial activity compared to the ethyl acetate stem extract. But all the extracts exhibit various degrees of antimicrobial activities. Citation: Osuntokun OT (2015). Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of crude ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of Morinda lucida leaf, stem, and bark growing in Adekunle Ajasin University Botanical Garden against selected clinical isolates.
The plant Morinda lucida falls under the family Rubiaceae known to have wide usage in traditional medicine. Morinda lucida is a tropical West African tree of medium-size about 18–25 m tall, the bark is grey to brown in colour, flowers are white in colour, the fruit is a drupe, seed is ellipsoid, yellowish and soft. The purpose of this research work is to determine the antimicrobial properties of Morinda lucida against Mycobacterium species, a very virulent and infectious organism, isolated from the Chest Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. The method used to determine the antimicrobial potency of the plant extracts is the Agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial potency of Ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of Morinda lucida leaf, stem, and bark were tested against mycobacterium species including Mycobacterium fortuitum (ATCC 6841), Mycobacterium smegmatis (ATCC 19420, Mycobacterium abscessus (ATCC 19977), and Mycobacterium phlei (ATCC 19240). All extracts exhibited various degree of antibacterial potency against the test organisms with the ethyl acetate extracts of the leaf and bark being the most active and ethanol extracts were the least active. The zone of inhibition of ethyl acetate leaf, bark and stem extracts range between 3.0 mm to 18.0 mm and the zone of inhibition of ethanol leaf, bark and stem extracts ranges between 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm respectively.
Composition and antioxidant activities of leaf and root volatile oils of Morinda lucida
Natural product communications, 2011
Morinda lucida (L.) Benth. (Rubiacae) is used in traditional medicine in many West African countries for the treatment of various human diseases. The leaves and roots of this plant were subjected to hydro-distillation to obtain volatile oils which were analyzed by high resolution GC/MS. Fifty compounds were identified in the leaf volatile oil and the major compounds were alpha-terpinene (17.8%) and beta-bisabolene (16.3%). In the root oil, 18 compounds were identified, the major constituents being 3-fluoro-p-anidine (51.8%) and hexadecanoic acid (12.0%). Antioxidant activities of the oils were examined using the DPPH, ABTS, reducing power and lipid peroxidation assays. All assays were concentration dependent with varying antioxidant potentials. The antioxidant activity of the root volatile oil of M. lucida was similar to that of the standard drugs used.
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2008
The volatile compounds, obtained by steam distillation of the ripe and unripe fruits of the Fijian variety of Morinda citriflora, have been investigated. This species, known in Fiji as noni/kura and used in the preparation of the commercial noni beverage, gave octanoic and hexanoic acids as its major volatiles. From unripe fruit, the two principal components were octanoic acid (89.7 %) and hexanoic acid (3.6 %). From ripe fruits there was less acid; octanoic acid (60.2 %) and hexanoic acid (16.3 %). There were a series of 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl esters (butyrate, hexanoate, octanoate and decanoate) in amounts up to 4 % in the ripe fruits. Also present were a series of methyl ester of these acids. Terpenes were virtually absent from the oils. Both the ripe and unripe fruit volatiles showed similar antimicrobial activities, when tested with five microbes signaling that the active volatile components were probably the major alkanoic acids.
Possible antimicrobial activity of Morinda lucida stem bark, leaf and root extracts
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2014
Inhibitory activities of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of the root, stem bark, and leaf of Morinda lucida on Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, and Salmonella typhorium was investigated in vitro. In vitro experiment was carried out using the agar well diffusion and disc diffusion methods with Gram-negative enterobacteria. M. lucida extracts were more active against all the tested bacteria than the standard antibiotics, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin even at the same concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/ml. The results of this study show that the extracts of M. lucida has the potentials of inhibiting the growth of E. coli and Salmonella species, thereby suggesting its potency in the treatment of infections in which E. coli and Salmonella species are implicated.
Antibacterial and toxicity studies of aqueous extracts of Morinda lucida
Development Journal of Science and Technology Research (DJOSTER), 2013
The aqueous extract of the leaves of Morinda lucida which is used Igala traditional folk medicine in Nigeria for several febrile ailments was investigated for its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella Typhi, and for its acute toxicity in albino rats. The antibacterial activity was determined by the zone of inhibition using agar well diffusion method and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration. The toxicity screening was done by randomising 28 healthy albino rats into seven groups of 4 animals each and treated them p.o. with a various doses of the crude extract in 5 ml of normal saline, the control group received equal aliquot of the normal saline. Investigation showed that the water extract of M. lucida was very active against all the test organisms with antibacterial activities equal to those of the most active standard antibiotic against each of the test organisms, gentamicin for S. Typhi , chloramphenicol for S. aureus and gentamicin for E. coli. The LD 50 of M. lucida is >5000mg/kg b. wt. using albino rats. There were no apparent pharmacotoxic signs observed in animals that received p.o. doses of M. lucida. There were no macroscopic changes in the internal organs of any of the treated rats. The investigation also showed that the PCV and blood chemistry parameters of animals treated with the extract of M. lucida were within the reference range. Aqueous extract of M. lucida thus has potential for the development of a safe broad spectrum antibiotic.
IJERT-Study of Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/study-of-antibacterial-activity-of-essential-oils-of-three-aromatic-and-medicinal-plants https://www.ijert.org/research/study-of-antibacterial-activity-of-essential-oils-of-three-aromatic-and-medicinal-plants-IJERTV3IS080030.pdf The three botanical species: Mentha spicata, Thymus vulgaris, and Citrus limonum are a medicinal plants widely used in Morocco. The aromatic fractions of these plants offer new perspectives in herbal medicine through the development of new pharmaceutical preparations for therapeutic purposes. The essential oils (EOs) are extracted from dried plants, in the open air and away from light. The choice of these medicinal plants was made following an investigation and a statistical study conducted in various regions of Morocco. The results of physico-chemical analysis of the EOs oils are consistent with those of the AFNOR [1] standards. The analysis of their chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antibacterial activity of these EOs was tested in two types of bacterial germs and the results for the in vitro activity show that these two germs has shown high sensitivity to these three EOs.
Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature, 2013
Essential oil isolated from the leaves of Morina longifolia, a perennial aromatic herb of medicinal value distributed in the temperate and alpine region of the Himalayas from Kashmir to Bhutan, was screened for in vitro antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Compared to the reference antioxidant compounds, the oil showed antioxidant capacity comparable to BHT and α-tocopherol and higher than BHA in Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay. The oil exhibited pronounced antifungal and varied antibacterial activities against four fungi (Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus and Fusarium solani) and six bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa determined using spore germination and disc diffusion method, respectively. The inhibitory activity of the oil in Gram positive bacteria was higher than the Gram negative bacteria. Our findings indicate that the essential oil isolated from M. longifolia leaves could be used as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in food, pharmaceutical and pesticide industries.