A Case Study on Battery Energy Storage System in a Virtual Power Plant: Defining Charging and Discharging Characteristics (original) (raw)
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The increasing awareness of climate change and of limited fossil resources is pushing the electric power system toward a paradigm change. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) such as wind and sun will provide a higher and higher contribution to the electric power generation. Coordinating and controlling multiple small power plants, Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and controllable loads with a central Energy Management System (EMS) make it possible to form Virtual Power Plants (VPP). In the paper will be shown how a VPP offers a solution to increase the integration of the energy produced by RES into the electric network. Especially the paper focuses on the energy storage dimensioning within a VPP structure. The sensitivity analysis shows how the power generated the RES share as well as the RES technology influence the optimal storage capacity.
Virtual Power Plant Management considering Energy Storage Systems and Multiple Power Sources
IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2012
The increasing awareness of climate change and of limited fossil resources is pushing the electric power system toward a paradigm change. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) such as wind and sun will provide a higher and higher contribution to the electric power generation. Coordinating and controlling multiple small power plants, Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and controllable loads with a central Energy Management System (EMS) make it possible to form Virtual Power Plants (VPP). In the paper will be shown how a VPP offers a solution to increase the integration of the energy produced by RES into the electric network. Especially the paper focuses on the energy storage dimensioning within a VPP structure. The sensitivity analysis shows how the power generated the RES share as well as the RES technology influence the optimal storage capacity.
Energies
This paper analyzes the technical and economic possibilities of integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy-storage systems (ESSs) into a virtual power plant (VPP) and operating them as a single power plant. The purpose of the study is to assess the economic efficiency of the VPP model, which is influenced by several factors such as energy price and energy production. Ten scenarios for the VPP were prepared on the basis of the installed capacities of a hydropower plant (HPP), rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV), and energy-storage system (ESS), as well as weather conditions, in Poland. On the basis of technical conditions, it was assumed that the maximum power capacity of the ESS equaled 1.5 MW. The economic efficiency analysis presented in this paper demonstrated that, in seven years, the VPP will achieve a positive value of the net present value (NPV) for a scenario with 0.5 MW battery storage and rainy summers. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was conducted on price f...
Peukert Effects on Domestic Energy Storage in Virtual Power Plants
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In residential homes, domestic energy storage in batteries have been proposed by many to support the grid. To foster its integration into the grid, virtual power plant (VPP) technology is used. In this paper, we evaluate Peukert condition of domestic battery storage within a given distribution level market. An evolutionary algorithm is applied to optimize the social welfare of stakeholders in a community VPP at different levels of Peukert conditions. The dynamic load performance of the VPP with respect to the grid requirements for demand-side management (DSM) is also presented to evaluate the impact of the Peukert effect on DSM. The results show that the social welfare of the VPP stakeholders decreases as Peukert effects increase.
Energies
Even though generating electricity from Renewable Energy (RE) and electrification of transportation with Electric Vehicles (EVs) can reduce climate change impacts, uncertainties of the RE and charged demand of EVs are significant challenges for energy management in power systems. To deal with this problem, this paper proposes an optimal energy management method using the Virtual Power Plant (VPP) concept for the power system considering solar PhotoVoltaics (PVs) and Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS). The Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is applied to manage energy in the power system to minimize the operation cost of generators and degradation costs in Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and generators. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is examined and tested on the IEEE 24 bus Reliability Test System (RTS 24) using the MATPOWER tool on the MATLAB program for calculating Optimal Power Flow (OPF). In this study, two situations before and after applying the proposed met...
IJERT-Proposed Battery Storage System Model Connected to the Grid
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/proposed-battery-storage-system-model-connected-to-the-grid https://www.ijert.org/research/proposed-battery-storage-system-model-connected-to-the-grid-IJERTV3IS080604.pdf Batteries are highly sensitive to environmental conditions such as temperature and heat, due to energy exchanges through electrochemical reactions, and these factors will diminish their useful life. However, the increasing development of distributed products and using renewable energy to provide electrical energy leads to more usage of batteries in power systems. Battery cell structure cause that desired capacity, power and voltage of battery storage system to be achieved through connecting different number of battery cells. In this paper, battery storage system connected to the network is based on accurate modeling system, control consisting of flow control strategy and voltage control strategy. Flow control strategy has the duty of DC voltage regulation and power factor control. In addition, it is expected that current control strategy of battery storage system to have good control against external fault and increase system reliability. Sampling from distribution sensors has been specified to obtain a real-time delay between system controls that is stable according to the characteristics of analysis network. keywords-energy storage system , bidirectional dc-dc converter, battery system controller.
International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems
In recent decades, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) have become more attractive due to the depleting fossil fuel resources and environmental issues such as global warming due to emissions from fossil fuel-based power plants. However, the intermittent nature of RES may cause a power imbalance between the generation and the demand. The power imbalance is overcome with the help of Distributed Generators (DG), storage devices, and RES. The aggregation of DGs, storage devices, and controllable loads that form a single virtual entity is called a Virtual Power Plant (VPP). In this article, the optimal scheduling of DGs in a VPP is done to minimize the generation cost. The optimal scheduling of power is done by exchanging the power between the utility grid and the VPP with the help of storage devices based on the bidding price. In this work, the state of charge (SOC) of the batteries is also considered, which is a limiting factor for charging and discharging of the batteries. This improves th...
Wireless and Satellite Systems, 2018
Among the key objectives of the smart grid technology are to foster the grid integration of renewable energy as well as market participation of domestic energy consumers through demand response program. Energy storage remains a key component of the smart grid. Past works on integration of energy storage at the domestic side of the electricity grid has identified the electric vehicle technology (EV) and the embedded energy storage (EES) technology, etc. However, it was difficult to compare between these technologies in terms of business incentives and technical performance. This was investigated in this work, and the results are presented. It was propose to use percentage difference to compare between VPP with EES and VPP with EV. The results shows that the difference in prosumers incentives between VPP with EES and VPP with EV is very low. It is approximately 0.89%. However, the percentage difference in VPP operator profit between VPP with EES and VPP with EV is very high. It is approximately 85.3%. The VPP makes very high profit in the VPP EES case compared to VPP EV case. The same also applies to the VPP cumulative performance where the percentage difference in the VPP cumulative performance between VPP with EES and VPP with EV is approximately 10.9%. This has implication on the storage mechanism to be integrated in to a VPP at the domestic level as well the business model to be adopted.