A Comparative Assessment of Embedded Energy Storage and Electric Vehicle Integration in a Community Virtual Power Plant (original) (raw)
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Energies
This paper analyzes the technical and economic possibilities of integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy-storage systems (ESSs) into a virtual power plant (VPP) and operating them as a single power plant. The purpose of the study is to assess the economic efficiency of the VPP model, which is influenced by several factors such as energy price and energy production. Ten scenarios for the VPP were prepared on the basis of the installed capacities of a hydropower plant (HPP), rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV), and energy-storage system (ESS), as well as weather conditions, in Poland. On the basis of technical conditions, it was assumed that the maximum power capacity of the ESS equaled 1.5 MW. The economic efficiency analysis presented in this paper demonstrated that, in seven years, the VPP will achieve a positive value of the net present value (NPV) for a scenario with 0.5 MW battery storage and rainy summers. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was conducted on price f...
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2013
https://www.ijert.org/a-review-of-plug-in-hybrid-electric-vehicles-as-new-storage-and-transportation-system-for-smart-grid https://www.ijert.org/research/a-review-of-plug-in-hybrid-electric-vehicles-as-new-storage-and-transportation-system-for-smart-grid-IJERTV2IS3533.pdf Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) will be an integral part of smart grids in the near future. Reduction in green house gas emissions, increase in oil prices and dependency on foreign oil are major incentives to the development and deployment of Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. As fossil fuels prices climb higher, the search for alternative modes of transportation intensifies. One other possible solution is the transformation of current hybrid electric vehicles into larger capacity plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle fleet is expected to increase the base electric load and add constraints on the reliable operation of a power system. With larger battery storage, the PHEV has the ability to run in all-electric mode for Commuters, switch to conventional gasoline engine for longer trips, and provide support to the power grid needed in emergency situations. This paper describes the economic implication of charging the vehicle or sending power back to the utility in brief, advantage of PHEV for grid, impact of PHEV on grid. A new parking facility as an energy exchange station called "Smart Garage" and Smart Metering for PHEV is also discussed.
Peukert Effects on Domestic Energy Storage in Virtual Power Plants
2019 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica, 2019
In residential homes, domestic energy storage in batteries have been proposed by many to support the grid. To foster its integration into the grid, virtual power plant (VPP) technology is used. In this paper, we evaluate Peukert condition of domestic battery storage within a given distribution level market. An evolutionary algorithm is applied to optimize the social welfare of stakeholders in a community VPP at different levels of Peukert conditions. The dynamic load performance of the VPP with respect to the grid requirements for demand-side management (DSM) is also presented to evaluate the impact of the Peukert effect on DSM. The results show that the social welfare of the VPP stakeholders decreases as Peukert effects increase.
2011
In this paper, results are reported of a technology assessment of use of electrical vehicles for energy storage (of renewable sources), their integration in the built environment and attached required power and charging systems for the Netherlands. This was done as part of the DIEMIGO project on integration of electrical mobility in the built environment. Around the world several concepts for EV charging and EV/Building interfaces have been developed, or are under development. In general however integrated smart grid concepts, comfortable charging or user focused services and innovative charging are still lacking and mostly based on the principle of relatively simple “technical fixes” and do not address to problems to be solved in case of large scale introduction of Electric Mobility. Moreover, integration in the built environment is poor and full of potential pitfalls, especially as for security of supply when implemented at large numbers. We present the main results of an integrat...
Optimization of Community Based Virtual Power Plant with Embedded Storage and Renewable Generation
Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 2017
The current global challenge of climate change has made renewable energy usage very important. There is an ongoing drive for the deployment of renewable energy resource at the domestic level through feed-in tariff, etc. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy has made storage a key priority. In this work, a community having a solar farm with energy storage embedded in the house of the energy consumers is considered. Consumers within the community are aggregated in to a local virtual power plant. Genetic algorithm was used to develop an optimized energy transaction for the virtual power plant with respect to differential pricing and renewable generation. The results show that it is feasible to have a virtual power plant setup in a local community that involve the use of renewable generation and embedded storage. The results show that both pricing and renewable generation window should be considered as a factor when setting up a virtual power plant that involve the use of storage and renewable generation at the community level. Also, when maximization of battery state of charge is considered as part of an optimization problem in a day ahead market, certain trade-off would have to be made on the profit of the virtual power plant, the incentive of the prosumer, as well as the provision of peak service to the grid.
Evaluation of community virtual power plant under various pricing schemes
2016 IEEE Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE), 2016
Technological advancement on the electricity grid has focused on maximizing its use. This has led to the introduction of energy storage. Energy storage could be used to provide both peak and off-peak services to the grid. Recent work on the use of small units of energy storage like battery has proposed the vehicle to grid system. It is propose in this work to have energy storage device embedded inside the house of the energy consumer. In such a system, consumers with battery energy storage can be aggregated in to a community virtual power plant. In this paper, an optimized energy resource allocation algorithm is presented for a virtual power plant using genetic algorithm. The results show that it is critical to have a pricing scheme that help achieve goals for grid, virtual power plant, and consumers.
A Review Of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles As New Storage And Transportation System For Smart Grid
2013
Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) will be an integral part of smart grids in the near future. Reduction in green house gas emissions, increase in oil prices and dependency on foreign oil are major incentives to the development and deployment of Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. As fossil fuels prices climb higher, the search for alternative modes of transportation intensifies. One other possible solution is the transformation of current hybrid electric vehicles into larger capacity plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle fleet is expected to increase the base electric load and add constraints on the reliable operation of a power system. With larger battery storage, the PHEV has the ability to run in all-electric mode for Commuters, switch to conventional gasoline engine for longer trips, and provide support to the power grid needed in emergency situations. This paper describes the economic implication of charging the vehicle or sending power back to the utility in brief, advantage of PHEV for grid, impact of PHEV on grid. A new parking facility as an energy exchange station called "Smart Garage" and Smart Metering for PHEV is also discussed.
E3S Web of Conferences, 2018
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are already being deployed for several stationary applications in a technically and economically feasible way. This paper focuses on the revenues of industrial BESSs built from electric vehicle lithiumion batteries with varying states of health. For this analysis, a stationary BESS simulation model is used, that is parameterised with parameters of a 22-kWh automotive battery. The comprehensive model consists of several detailed sub-models, considering battery characteristics, ageing and operating strategies, which allow technical assessment through time series simulation. Therefore, capacity fade and energy losses are considered in this techno-economic evaluation. Potential economically feasible applications of new and second-life batteries, such as photovoltaic home storage, intraday trading and frequency regulation as well as their combined operation are compared. The investigation includes different electricity price scenarios. The combined ...
2020
At present with the massive induction of distributed renewable energy sources (RES), energy storage systems (ESS) have the potential to curb the intermittent nature of micro sources and provide a steady supply of power to the load. It gives an optimum solution and considers as a major part of intelligent grids. For making a green environment, Electric Vehicle (EV) is the best option that emits zero exhaust gases, cleaner, less noisy and eco-friendly compared to engine-based vehicles. It could embark power sanctuary by allowing open access to RES. Nonetheless, EVs presently face encounters in the deployment of ESSs, inroad to their reliability, capacity, price, and online management issues. This study comprehensive review about technical advancements of ESSs, its detailed taxonomy, features, implementation, possibilities with system differences, and additional features of particularly EV applications. Hence, in this current study, technical analysis of Energy storage systems, its leading technologies, core assets, global energy stakeholders, economic merits and techniques on energy conversion is provided. Besides, the way of deploying energy storage techniques, the barriers and assessments are also presented to give a wider scope in this particular area.
Energies, 2020
A virtual power plant (VPP) can be defined as the integration of decentralized units into one centralized control system. A VPP consists of generation sources and energy storage units. In this article, based on real measurements, the charging and discharging characteristics of the battery energy storage system (BESS) were determined, which represents a key element of the experimental virtual power plant operating in the power system in Poland. The characteristics were determined using synchronous measurements of the power of charge and discharge of the storage and the state of charge (SoC). The analyzed private network also includes a hydroelectric power plant (HPP) and loads. The article also examines the impact of charging and discharging characteristics of the BESS on its operation, analyzing the behavior of the storage unit for the given operation plans. The last element of the analysis is to control the power flow in the private network. The operation of the VPP for the given s...