Production and characterization of novel marine black yeast's exopolysaccharide with potential antiradical and anticancer prospects (original) (raw)
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Fungal Exopolysaccharide: Production, Composition and Applications
Microbiology Insights, 2013
Fungal exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have been recognized as high value biomacromolecules for the last two decades. These products, including pullulan, scleroglucan, and botryosphaeran, have several applications in industries, pharmaceuticals, medicine, foods etc. Although fungal EPSs are highly relevant, to date information concerning fungal biosynthesis is scarce and an extensive search for new fugal species that can produce novel EPSs is still needed. In most cases, the molecular weight variations and sugar compositions of fungal EPSs are dependent to culture medium composition and different physical conditions provided during fermentation. An inclusive and illustrative review on fungal EPS is presented here. The general outline of the present work includes fungal EPS production, their compositions and applications. An emphasis is also given to listing out different fungal strains that can produce EPSs.
Fermentation Technologies for the Optimization of Marine Microbial Exopolysaccharide Production
Marine Drugs, 2014
In the last decades, research has focused on the capabilities of microbes to secrete exopolysaccharides (EPS), because these polymers differ from the commercial ones derived essentially from plants or algae in their numerous valuable qualities. These biopolymers have emerged as new polymeric materials with novel and unique physical characteristics that have found extensive applications. In marine microorganisms the produced EPS provide an instrument to survive in adverse conditions: They are found to envelope the cells by allowing the entrapment of nutrients or the adhesion to solid substrates. Even if the processes of synthesis and release of exopolysaccharides request high-energy investments for the bacterium, these biopolymers permit resistance under extreme environmental conditions. Marine bacteria like Bacillus, Halomonas, Planococcus, Enterobacter, Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, Rhodococcus, Zoogloea but also Archaea as Haloferax and Thermococcus are here described as EPS producers underlining biopolymer hyperproduction, related fermentation strategies including the effects of the chemical composition of the media, the physical parameters of the growth conditions and the genetic and predicted experimental design tools.
Advances in bacterial exopolysaccharides: from production to biotechnological applications
Trends in Biotechnology, 2011
Biosynthetic pathways Most bacterial EPSs are synthesized intracellularly and exported to the extracellular environment as macromolecules [2,6]. There are a few known exceptions (e.g. levans and dextrans) whose synthesis and polymerization occur outside the cells by the action of secreted enzymes that convert the substrate into the polymer in the extracellular environment [2].
Polish journal of microbiology, 2017
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are high molecular weight polymers consisting of different sugar residues they are preferable for replacing synthetic polymers as they are degradable and nontoxic. Many microorganisms possess the ability to synthesize and excrete exopolysaccharides with novel chemical compositions, properties and structures to have potential applications in different fields. The present study attempt to optimize the production of EPS by marine Bacillus subtilis SH1 in addition to characterization and investigation of different valuable applications. Effect of medium type, incubation period and pH were studied using the one factor at a time experiments. It was shown that the highest productivity (24 gl-1) of exopolysaccharides was recorded by using yeast malt glucose medium with pH 9 at the fourth day of incubation. Experimental design using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize various nutrients at different concentrations. The finalized optimized mediu...
Exopolysaccharides enriched in rare sugars: bacterial sources, production, and applications
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2015
Microbial extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), produced by a wide range of bacteria, are high molecular weight biopolymers, presenting an extreme diversity in terms of chemical structure and composition. They may be used in many applications, depending on their chemical and physical properties. A rather unexplored aspect is the presence of rare sugars in the composition of some EPS. Rare sugars, such as rhamnose or fucose, may provide EPS with additional biological properties compared to those composed of more common sugar monomers. This review gives a brief overview of these specific EPS and their producing bacteria. Cultivation conditions are summarized, demonstrating their impact on the EPS composition, together with downstream processing. Finally, their use in different areas, including cosmetics, food products, pharmaceuticals, and biomedical applications, are discussed.
Exopolysaccharides from marine bacteria: production, recovery and applications
Environmental Sustainability, 2020
Ocean represents an unusual diversity of life. The largest proportion of microbial diversity has been found in the oceanic and terrestrial subsurface respectively. Marine habitats are inhabited by several microbial populations adapted to these ecosystems. Among these populations, bacteria are one of the important and dominant inhabitants of such environments. Marine bacteria themselves or their products such as enzymes, exopolymers, pigments, antimicrobial compounds, and biosurfactants represent a wide range of applications in food, textile, and pharmaceutical industries as well as in many environmental processes. This review aims to present the exopolysaccharide production from marine bacteria and its possible biosynthesis along with recovery of these polymers using various methods. Finally, the applications of these polymers, particularly in the field of bioremediation, are also discussed.
Biotechnological challenges and perspectives of using exopolysaccharides
Journal of Analytical & Pharmaceutical Research, 2018
Exopolysaccharides have several biotechnological applications fields including food industry, cosmetic, agricultural, pharmaceutical, medical, chemical and others. The main molecules come from plants, bacteria, fungi and algae. Although these substances are already used industrially, only a small portion of the biopolymers market is represented by them. In order to have a greater market share of these molecules, it is necessary to optimize several technological stages of EPS production on a large scale. Considering that the processes of extraction, isolation and purification of these polysaccharides can affect their physicochemical, structural and techno-functional properties, their gradual yield with maximum efficiency becomes a challenging objective. In this paper, the EPSs will be concisely addressed as regards their functional biotechnological applications and their productive aspects.
Biochimie Open, 2016
Endophytic fungi have been described as producers of important bioactive compounds; however, they remain under-exploited as exopolysaccharides (EPS) sources. Therefore, this work reports on EPS production by submerged cultures of eight endophytes isolated from Piper hispidum Sw., belonging to genera Diaporthe, Marasmius, Phlebia, Phoma, Phyllosticta and Schizophyllum. After fermentation for 96 h, four endophytes secreted EPS: Diaporthe sp. JF767000, Diaporthe sp. JF766998, Diaporthe sp. JF767007 and Phoma herbarum JF766995. The EPS from Diaporthe sp. JF766998 differed statistically from the others, with a higher percentage of carbohydrate (91%) and lower amount of protein (8%). Subsequently, this fungus was grown under submerged culture for 72, 96 and 168 h (these EPS were designated EPS D1-72 , EPS D1-96 and EPS D1-168) and the differences in production, monosaccharide composition and apparent molecular were compared. The EPS yields in mg/ 100 mL of culture medium were: 3.0 ± 0.4 (EPS D1-72), 15.4 ± 2.2 (EPS D1-96) and 14.8 ± 1.8 (EPS D1-168). The EPS D1-72 had high protein content (28.5%) and only 71% of carbohydrate; while EPS D1-96 and EPS D1-168 were composed mainly of carbohydrate (z95 and 100%, respectively), with low protein content (z5%) detected at 96 h. Galactose was the main monosaccharide component (30%) of EPS D1-168. Differently, EPS D1-96 was rich in glucose (51%), with molecular weight of 46.6 kDa. It is an important feature for future investigations, because glucan-rich EPS are reported as effective antitumor agents.