Antibiotic Practices and Factors Influencing the Use of Antibiotics in Selected Poultry Farms in Ghana (original) (raw)
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2020
Introduction: Antibiotic use has contributed significantly to many successes in human medicine and improvement in animal welfare. There is however global concern about non-regulation of antibiotics in food producing animals due to the great threat it poses to public health. Local evidence is required to support the regulation of antibiotics in the thriving poultry sub-sector but such data are limited. The study was conducted to investigate antibiotic use among poultry farmers in the Dormaa Municipality of the Bono Region of Ghana. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in February to March 2020. A total of 161 commercial and backyard poultry farmers were interviewed using a “Drug bag” containing antibiotics purchased from the study area in addition to questionnaires to elicit responses about medicines. Treatment log books were also inspected where available. Results: Farms were classified as backyard (n=41) or small, medium or large scale commercial (n=120). Of the commercial...
Antibiotic usage pattern in selected poultry farms in Ogun state
A survey was conducted from March 2011 to July 2011 on antibiotic usage pattern in selected poultry farms in Ogun State. Using a well-structured questionnaire, a total of 58 poultry farms were randomly surveyed from the four geo-political zones of Ogun State. All the 58 (100%) poultry farms used one or more antibiotics. Antibiotics were commonly administered either for therapy (36.2%), prophylaxis (29.3%), or both (32.8%) and to lesser extent for growth promotion (6.9%). While Neoceryl R (a commercially prepared broad spectrum antibiotics consisting of neomycin, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin and colistin), Enrofloxacin and Furazolidone were the commonest antibiotics used in the study area. Fluoroquinolones were the class of antibiotics commonly used. Thirty-three different patterns of antibiotic usage were observed among the poultry farms, 70.7% multi-drug usage practices (MDUP) was also observed among the poultry farms. In this study, 50% of poultry farmers have their antibiotics prescribed by veterinary doctors while 91.4% acquired antibiotics from veterinary stores. This study has provided information on commonly used antibiotics and reasons for their use in the study location. It is anticipated that the findings of this survey will contribute to the development of strategies for prudent use of antibiotics in poultry farms.
Antibiotics, 2021
Poultry farming is a common practice in Ghana. Antibiotics are used, particularly in commercial poultry farming, as growth promoters and to prevent and cure infections. However, there is little information on antimicrobial usage in domestic poultry farming in Ghana. This study aimed to describe antimicrobial usage in commercial and domestic poultry farming. A cross-sectional survey was conducted within the Ashanti region of Ghana including 33 commercial farms and 130 households with domestic poultry farming. The median poultry population on commercial farms was 1500 (IQR: 300–3000) compared with 18 (IQR: 10–25) on domestic farms. The majority (97%, n = 32) of commercial farms used antimicrobials, compared with 43% (n = 56) of the domestic farms. Commercial farmers were 6.1 (CI: 3.2–11.8) times more likely to read and follow instructions on antimicrobials in comparison with domestic poultry keepers. About 11% of domestic and 34% of commercial farmers had received education on antimic...
2012
Fifty randomly selected registered commercial poultry farms in two agro-eccological zones in Ghana were investigated for contributory factors for antibiotic use and abuse and the public health implications thereof by means of questionnaires, interviews and on-the-spot inspections. Our results indicated that despite the good educational background of farm managers that should inform decisions and actions after veterinary advice, 31 drugs - antibiotics, coccidiostats and an antihelminthic - were being overly used to cover up husbandry and hygiene lapses and to make economic gains in terms of their constant use as growth promoters during the birds’ lifetime. Taking advantage of the situation, manufacturers have produced and marketed poultry feed supplements loaded with tylosin, chloroamphenecol, tetracycline and neomycin, antibiotics that have been banned in feed for food-producing animals. From market-ready eggs from these farms, antibiotic residues to which E. coli, S. aureus and B. ...
Heliyon, 2022
This study examined the knowledge and practices regarding antibiotic use among small-scale poultry farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 88 poultry farmers. The interview schedule was used for data collection. Respondents' indices of knowledge of antibiotic use (KABU), antibiotic resistance (KABR) and antibiotic use practices (PABU) were determined. Binary logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effect of socio-demographics of respondents, knowledge of antibiotic use and knowledge of antibiotic resistance on the likelihood that farmers use antibiotics inappropriately. All poultry farmers studied used antibiotics for growth promotion, disease prevention, and treatment. The mean index of KABU was 0.54 with 48 % of the respondents having good KABU while the mean index of KABR was 0.65 and 70.5 % of the farmers had good KABR. The farmers' mean index of PABU was 0.47 and 83 % of them used antibiotics inappropriately. Farmers with good KABU (OR ¼ 4.2; 95% CI ¼ 1.030-17.222) and KABR (OR ¼ 4.5; 95% CI ¼ 1.258-15.791) were more likely to misuse antibiotics than those with poor knowledge. Antibiotics are routinely, and on many occasions inappropriately, used in small-scale poultry production in Enugu State, Nigeria. Antibiotics are valuable agents whose efficacy can only be preserved if they are handled with care. Training small-scale farmers will allow them to improve their knowledge and practices regarding antibiotic use.
Antibiotic use and practices in commercial poultry laying hens in Ogun State Nigeria
Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 2016
La production de volailles occupe une place prépondérante dans l’économie nigériane. Toutefois, l’utilisation abusive des antibiotiques par les éleveurs de volailles a entraîné une multirésistance et nuit à l’efficacité des traitements antibiotiques dans l’industrie. Cette étude a été réalisée afin d’évaluer l’utilisation d’antibiotiques dans les exploitations avicoles commerciales. Une enquête a été menée à l’aide d’un questionnaire structuré destiné aux chefs d’exploitation pour obtenir des informations sur les caractéristiques socio-économiques des propriétaires ou desdits chefs, les types d’antibiotiques utilisés, la fréquence et la raison de leur utilisation, la sensibilisation à l’usage des antibiotiques et à leurs problèmes associés, et les sources d’information privilégiées par les éleveurs pour un recours raisonnable aux antibiotiques. Le niveau d’instruction des interviewés était universitaire ou équivalent (70,9 %), collège ou lycée (12,6 %), ou sans éducation formelle (1...
Determination of antimicrobial use in commercial poultry farms in Plateau and Oyo States, Nigeria
Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control
Background Indiscriminate use of antimicrobials for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection in animals is a common practice in Nigeria as in other developing countries. These antimicrobials are purchased over the counter without restrictions and often administered in form of medicated feedstuffs. In Nigeria, like most developing countries, antimicrobial prescription data are not routinely collected or reported at the farm level, instead import data are used in reporting antimicrobial consumption. Farmers can be useful sources of data on the use of antimicrobial agents by class, animal species, production type and age. The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of poultry farmers on antimicrobial resistance and to generate data on antimicrobial use (AMU) in poultry farms in Plateau and Oyo states in accordance with the guidelines of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). Methods A questionnaire used by the Food and Agricult...
Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria
Veterinary Medicine International, 2022
The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in livestock production is of increasing concern due to the threat of antimicrobial resistance in both humans and animals. Much emphasis has been placed on intensively managed poultry production systems, which routinely use antimicrobials as against smallholder poultry production systems (SPPS). Therefore, this study investigated the use of antimicrobials among smallholder poultry farmers in Nigeria, and compared the prevalence of antimicrobial drug use against the practice of ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM). A cross-sectional study was conducted in five states (agroecologies) of Nigeria using structured questionnaires administered on a total of 350 farmers. The practice of EVM was prevalent among most of the farmers (39%). The western method (pharmaceuticals) was practiced by a large proportion of farmers (60%), either solely (25%) or in combination with EVM (35%). Antimicrobials were used primarily for treatment and prevention of diseases (7...
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Aim: To investigate the type and dynamics of antimicrobial usage in Aba and Umuahia towns of Abia State Nigeria and the public health implications of their misuse. Methodology: Structured questionnaires were administered to 33 and 41 poultry farmers in Aba, and Umuahia, respectively between April, 2014 and March, 2015. Data obtained were presented as percentages. Results: Respondents made use of different antimicrobials in a reported 1305 drug applications. The usage of the drugs in their descending order was as follows: aminoglycosides-27.1%, tetracycline-23.2%, macrolides-14.0%, polypeptides-8.0%, quinolones-7.3%, sulfonamides-6.7%, chloramphenicol-4.1%, nitrofurans-2.5%. beta-lactams-2.4%, Data showed that 75% of the total respondents were aware of drug withdrawal periods but 6.8% observed them while 13% of respondents were aware of banned drugs and 10.8% avoided their usage. Generally,
Antibiotics
Over the years the growth and health of food-producing animals have been enhanced by the use of antibiotics. These have helped reduce on-farm mortalities, lower incidences of diseases and more importantly improve productivity. Generally, the utilization of antibiotics in feed has been reevaluated since bacterial pathogens have established and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can easily be spread within microbial communities. Multiple countries have introduced bans or severe restrictions on the non-therapeutic use of antibiotics. This has therefore warranted the urgent need for alternatives. Africa is facing its own challenges as it has been reported to be one of the continents with the highest number of foodborne diseases with approximately 91 million related diseases and 137,000 death per annum. Stakeholder and policy direction has been put in place to curb this escalation; however, the problem persists. The use of alternatives has been recommended and some...