Risk Analysis and Control for Industrial Processes - Gas, Oil and Chemicals: A System Perspective for Assessing and Avoiding Low-Probability, High-Consequence Events (original) (raw)
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International journal of performability engineering, 2015
To Be or Not to Be.. Is it nobler to put up with all the nasty things that luck throws your way, or to fight against all those troubles by simply putting an end to them once and for all? William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 3, Scene 1 (modern text) SUMMARY Numerous decisions are made daily on conducting economically relevant activities involving hazards, hence each of these activities implies a risk. Risk taking is something that we do as a person on an individual basis everyday. Crossing a road as a pedestrian with approaching traffic in sight is commonplace, as well as a driver overtaking a car in front of him on a provincial road with oncoming traffic in sight. In any of these decisions, there is a weighing up front: gains versus risk of losses. In these simple examples the cost of an accident is high, the action could take yours or another person's life, and the gains may not be very significantdjust a few seconds in time saved. With industrial accidents the situation is not different: given a certain process a shortcut on a procedure can be associated with a large safety riskdthe company can go bankrupt if the risk event materializes. However, gains in effort or time may be rather small, although these may be significant in surviving the competition better. Of course, the scale makes a difference. But, there may be many lives at risk (and as a decision maker, probably not your own life) and damage may run up from millions to billions, and it may have long-term effects on employment, and degradation of quality of life of people and the environment. Costs of an industrial accident are not only those of the company in a direct sense but also the personal cost of people involved and not the least the social and economic cost of society as a whole. Complexity may easily obscure the largest possible consequences of a process or a project. And even when one realizes the possibility, intuitively one is inclined to CHAPTER Risk Analysis and Control for Industrial Processes-Gas, Oil and Chemicals.
Risk Analysis and Control for Industrial Processes - Gas, Oil and Chemicals
Elsevier eBooks, 2015
To Be or Not to Be.. Is it nobler to put up with all the nasty things that luck throws your way, or to fight against all those troubles by simply putting an end to them once and for all? William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 3, Scene 1 (modern text) SUMMARY Numerous decisions are made daily on conducting economically relevant activities involving hazards, hence each of these activities implies a risk. Risk taking is something that we do as a person on an individual basis everyday. Crossing a road as a pedestrian with approaching traffic in sight is commonplace, as well as a driver overtaking a car in front of him on a provincial road with oncoming traffic in sight. In any of these decisions, there is a weighing up front: gains versus risk of losses. In these simple examples the cost of an accident is high, the action could take yours or another person's life, and the gains may not be very significantdjust a few seconds in time saved. With industrial accidents the situation is not different: given a certain process a shortcut on a procedure can be associated with a large safety riskdthe company can go bankrupt if the risk event materializes. However, gains in effort or time may be rather small, although these may be significant in surviving the competition better. Of course, the scale makes a difference. But, there may be many lives at risk (and as a decision maker, probably not your own life) and damage may run up from millions to billions, and it may have long-term effects on employment, and degradation of quality of life of people and the environment. Costs of an industrial accident are not only those of the company in a direct sense but also the personal cost of people involved and not the least the social and economic cost of society as a whole. Complexity may easily obscure the largest possible consequences of a process or a project. And even when one realizes the possibility, intuitively one is inclined to CHAPTER Risk Analysis and Control for Industrial Processes-Gas, Oil and Chemicals.
Turkish Economic Review, 2015
This book discusses high-impact low-probability risks (so-called HILP risks) in the gas &oil sector and the chemicals using industries. The text is written in an agreeable style, yet at the same time also suitable for technical experts in risk management and process safety. The book is inclusive, in the sense that a triple perspective is used and the history, the present, as well as the state-of-the-art of dealing with HILP risks is discussed. Both technical and non-technical aspects are thoroughly elaborated, and, wherever possible and useful, linked with hazardous materials data and accident scenario information. The book might be interesting for process safety specialists, but it may also be employed as a handbook or reference work in academia.
Risk analysis of French chemical industry
Safety Science, 2018
Accidental events in chemical industry can cause damages to human health, environment and economy. To prevent such events in industries, it is essential to identify and analyze the past events. To the best of our knowledge, such an analysis has not been done for the French chemical industry sector, which is the second producer in Europe. To fill this gap, 169 events were selected and collected in the French database ARIA (Analysis, Research and Information on Accidents). These events occurred between 1974 and 2014. The causes and consequences of the events were analyzed. The study shows that the causes were mainly related to operator errors. Then, a semi-quantitative analysis of risk was also carried out, based on the frequencies and consequences of the events. This analysis confirms that chemical industry activities present a significant risk. Based on this analysis, national agencies can make some recommendations or rules in order to reduce the number of events in chemical industry.
On the problems and future of safety and risk analysis
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1989
A review on the problems with the identification of haxards and assessing the risks is first presented. Special emphasis is given to the critical evaluation of the problems with the gas dispersion modelling. Ideas and attempts for avoiding the existing problems and for improving the cost/benefit relation of safety analysis are then discussed. These include the use of computer support and knowledge engineering, validation of methods and models, analysis of human and organizational factors, and evaluation of the quality of safety analysis. Finally, the European legislation concerning safety analysis is shortly discussed.
Risk Management in Petroleum and Petrochemical: An Introduction
2019
In this paper we are presenting risk management in petroleum and petrochemical Only the risk manager who is capable of understanding these complex interaction will be able to lead an organization towards a safer and more profitable future. Some previous modern safety research has shown that the interaction between human technical and organizational factor determine the performance of a company only in term of quality cost and delivery time but also in term of safety. The petroleum and petrochemical industry's need safety organization to be the first responsible for any accident accrue in the industry which it can be called safety organization of chemical plants (SOCP).The (SOCP) has to do all the investigation for the industry to make the industry working on safety without any problem which can be supported by the government and allow the organization to provide safety license for all the chemical plants. Despite how sophisticated technical solution and risk mitigation measure h...
The necessity of risk management evaluations in petrochemical industries
2020
The study looked at the need to manage risk in the petrochemical industry due to the horrific events of recent accidents such as India's Bhopal (with 4,000 killed), Ukraine's Chernobyl (with 38 killed), Flixborough, England (With 28 people killed) and Italy's Seveso (with a gas mass released from the blast 6 km long and 1 km wide) (Flixborough Vapor Cloud Explosion). Recent events have drawn public attention to the chemical industry and various risks involved in the petrochemical industry, and then as a result have increased the need for systematic safety analysis of various processes in the chemical industry. According to the International Labor Organization, 5,000 people die every day in the world due to accidents and work-related illnesses and 4% of the world's GDP per year, or 51.53, 1.3 and 2 percent, respectively. Millions of US dollars are spent on direct and indirect costs of work-related illnesses and accidents, which is 20 times more than the total internat...