Chemical and biological behaviours of hydrogels based on oxidized carboxymethylcellulose coupled to chitosan (original) (raw)
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Journal of The Chilean Chemical Society, 2017
Hydrogels network based on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CS), CC1 and CC2, have been prepared respectively in the presence or without the crosslinking agents [(N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)/N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC)] and characterized by FT-IR. The swelling behavior in distilled water at 25°C and biological activities have been investigated. CC1 hydrogel revealed higher potential swelling than CC2. Hydrogels showed to possess an important antioxidant activity equal to 66.67% for CC1 and 57.27% for CC2, to scavenge hydroxyl radicals at 2mg/mL. And the values of their reducing power were approximately 53% and 57%. From the hemolytic potential test the obtained materials were hemo-compatible. The anti-inflammatory activity exhibited that hydrogels were able to protect albumin from denaturation.
Synthesis and Potential Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogels
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
The aim of the research was to employ radiation to produce flexible carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) based hydrogels of uniform structure to characterise their swelling properties and cytocompatibility for potential applications as hydrogel wound dressings. CMCS in aqueous solution was irradiated with an electron beam in the presence of a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) macromonomer as a crosslinker, at 12 different compositions, i.e. 3-20% CMCS, 3 and 5% PEGDA. The obtained hydrogels were subjected to sol-gel analysis. The amount of insoluble fraction (up to 100%) rose with an increase in the PEGDA/polysaccharide ratio. Moreover, the equilibrium degree of swelling, ca. 15 to 200 g of water per g of gel, which was higher for lower content of crosslinker, decreased with the delivered dose, which was associated with an increase in crosslinking density. The in vitro XTT cell viability assay (murine fibroblasts, L929 cell line) showed no significant cytotoxicity of CMCS gels.
Development and characterization of chitosan-based hydrogels as wound dressing materials
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology
Nowadays, bioactive peptides are used for therapeutic applications and the selection of a carrier to deliver them is very important to increase the efficiency, absorption, release, bioavailability and consumer acceptance. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize chitosan-based films loaded with chitosan microparticles containing a bioactive peptide (sequence: KGYGGVSLPEW) with antihypertensive properties. Films were prepared by the solvent casting method, while the microparticles were prepared by ionic gelation. The final optimized chitosan microparticles exhibited a mean diameter of 2.5 µm, a polydispersity index of 0.46, a zeta potential of +61 mV and a peptide association efficiency of 76%. Chitosan films were optimized achieving the final formulation of 0.79% (w/v) of chitosan, 6.74% (w/v) of sorbitol and 0.82% (w/v) of citric acid. These thin (±0.100 mm) and transparent films demonstrated good performance in terms of mechanical and biological properties. The oral films developed were flexible, elastic, easy to handle and exhibited rapid disintegration (30 s) and an erosion behavior of 20% when they came into contact with saliva solution. The cell viability (75-99%) was proved by methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with TR146 cells. The chitosan mucoadhesive films loaded with peptide-chitosan microparticles resulted in an innovative approach to perform administration across the buccal mucosa, because these films present a larger surface area, leading to the rapid disintegration and release of the antihypertensive peptide under controlled conditions in the buccal cavity, thus promoting bioavailability.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
Recently, the modification of the initial structure of biopolymers, mainly chitosan, has been gaining importance with a view to obtain functional forms with increased practicality and specific properties enabling their use in tissue engineering. Therefore, in this article, the properties (structural and biological) of thermosensitive hydrogels obtained from chitosan lactate/chloride and two types of crosslinking agents (β-glycerol phosphate disodium salt pentahydrate and uridine 5′-monophosphate disodium salt) are discussed. The aim of the research is to identify changes in the structure of the biomaterials during conditioning in water. Structural investigations were carried out by FTIR spectroscopy. The crystallinity of gels was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The biocompatibility (evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity) of chitosan hydrogels was investigated by contact with human colon adenocarcinoma cell line for 48 h. The cytotoxicity was verified based on the col...
Hydrogels Based on Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives for Biomedical Applications
Hydrogels - Smart Materials for Biomedical Applications, 2018
Chitosan (CS) is a polymer obtained from chitin, being this, after the cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide. The fact of (i) CS being obtained from renewable sources; (ii) CS to possess capability for doing interactions with different moieties being such capability dependent of pH; (iii) plenty of possibilities for chemical modification of CS; and (iv) tuning the final properties of CS derivatives makes this polymer very interesting in academic and technological points of view. In this way, hydrogels based on CS and on CS derivatives have been widely used for biomedical applications. Other important technological applications can be also cited, such as adsorbent of metals and dyes in wastewater from industrial effluents. In pharmaceutical field, hydrogels based on CS are often used as drugs' and proteins' carrier formulations due to the inherent characteristics such as the biocompatibility, nontoxicity, hydrophilicity, etc. This chapter is an attempt for updating and joining the plenty of available information regarding the preparation, characterization, and biomedical application of hydrogels based on chitosan and chitosan derivatives. More than 260 references are provided, being the majority of them published in the last 10 years.
Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-based hydrogels
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2009
Biocompatible hydrogels based on water-soluble chitosan-ethylene glycol acrylate methacrylate (CS-EGAMA) and polyethylene glycol diamethacrylate (PEGDMA) were synthesized by photopolymerization. Characterization of morphology, weight loss, water state of hydrogel, pH-sensitivity and cytotoxicity were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), swelling test and methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results indicated that the hydrogels were sensitive to pH of the medium, no cytotoxicity for L929 and SW1353, satisfactory for the composite to be used in bioapplications.
2020
Hydrogel is a macromolecular polymer gel constructed of a network of cross-linked polymer chains. Chitosan oligosaccharide (CO) is a natural polymer that has an efficient biodegradability and is used to prepare hydrogels for efficient drug delivery. CO is combined with Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) to produce a hydrogel in different compositions for the best suitable option where the drug delivery and biocompatibility are most efficient. The chemical hydrogels of the composition CO and CMC were prepared by adding the cross-linker mixture of glutaraldehyde, alcohol, and distilled water. After the hydrogels were prepared, it is subjected to a series of tests, i.e., microscopy, hemocompatibility, mechanical strength, impedance measurement, drug release, antimicrobial activity. Ccross-linking is achieved by adding a mixture of glutaraldehyde, alcohol, and distilled water. Thus, the best composition of the mixture of the two compounds – Chitosan oligosaccharide and the Carboxy Methyl Ce...
Hydrogel wound dressings based on chitosan and xyloglucan: Development and characterization
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2018
Xyloglucan is a polysaccharide isolated from chia seed gum (Salvia hispanica L.) and can act as a soluble fiber. In this investigation, several porous hydrogels were prepared from mixtures of chitosan and xyloglucan. To characterize these biomaterials, their mechanical, hydrophilic, structural, and morphological properties were measured, as well as their biodegradability and antimicrobial activity. The pore sizes of the porous hydrogels were 32.8-101.6 μm, and their water retention capacity is proportional to the added amount of xyloglucan. Dynamic degradation of the porous hydrogels with lysozymes showed progressive weight loss during the 14 days of testing. The mechanical properties improved slightly after the addition of xyloglucan. All of these results indicate that the incorporation of vegetable-derived polymers such as xyloglucan improves the properties of chitosan without affecting its antimicrobial capacity. Thus, biomaterials based on chitosan and xyloglucan are a promising option for the design of hydrogel wound dressings for medical applications.
Chitosan-based hydrogels: Synthesis and characterization
Journal of Materials Science-materials in Medicine, 2001
Chitosan (CHI) is a polysaccharide of β-1,4-linked 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose derived by N-deacetylation of chitin in aqueous alkaline medium. The shells of crustaceans such as crabs, shrimp, and lobster are the current source of chitosan. It is known to be non-toxic, odourless, biocompatible in animal tissues and enzymatically biodegradable. For these reasons much research interest has been paid to its biomedical, ecological, and industrial applications over the past decade. However, its rigid crystalline structure, poor solubility in organic solvents and poor processability have limited its use. To broadening its range of applications, a growth research effort has been devoted to explore ways of modifying Chitosan. Here it has been reported on the synthesis of new hydrogels, obtained by self-curing chitosan with acrylic acid (AA) and methyl acrylate (MA). The hydrogels were characterized by FTIR, swelling and rheological analysis. The results of this study showed that the swelling and mechanical properties of chitosan are highly improved by the presence of poly acrylate. The swelling degree of these materials does not depend upon the ratio MA/AA. It is possible to improve and modulate the mechanical properties of the hydrogels by changing the relative MA/AA ratio. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers