The Analysis of Commercially Available Electric Cars (original) (raw)
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This study will present a comprehensive look at the various types of electric vehicles and conventional vehicles. There is a growing sense of urgency for electrical vehicles in this era of global warming and harsh climatic changes due to it. There is a need to understand that out of the available range of conventional and electrical vehicles which will be the best. The focus of this review paper is to compare the features of all available vehicles and appropriate which is the best alternative. The vehicles which will be taken into account to find the most suited one are conventional vehicles and various electrical vehicles. KeywordsElectric vehicles, Conventional Vehicles, BEV, HEV & PHEV
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Over the past several years, there has been an escalating interest, echoing enthusiasm, for electric vehicles. Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more typical in the transportation sector in recent times. As the current progression suggests, this form of transportation is more prone to oust internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles in the coming years. Each of the essential EV components has many technologies that are being used right now or can become eminent in the future. With the right administration, EVs could be turned into a crucial contributor to the successful implementation of the smart grid concept, despite its several flaws. This paper gives an outline of the recent work of electric vehicles in the domain. KeywordsElectric Vehicle, Electric Propulsion, Energy Sources, Charging time, Battery Capacity, Mileage, Economy
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International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2020
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The world wide determination to switch from pollution causing conventional automobiles that run on fossil fuels, to electric vehicles which are pollution free that function with electric power supply drawn from renewable resources, is eventually increasing. This review work aims at the study of journals, blogs and statistical reports to bring forth the evolution of electric hybrids, their sources of supply, pros and cons, their classification and major constituents. The major drawbacks of electric vehicles are analyzed and solutions are rendered. Characteristics of Torque development, CO 2 emission and factors affecting the deployment of electric vehicles are also briefed. Load performance, range characteristics, heat management, anti-jerking mechanisms, wireless charging and several other studies regarded to e-vehicles are included. The rising demand for e-vehicles, their sales and their substantial increase in numbers, government policies to promote the usage are also brought into the limelight. India's promising e-vehicle plan for 2030 and the steps taken to popularize electromobility are also reviewed. The journal summarizes that the renewable way of producing green electricity and concepts of electromobility will lead to a pollution free environment in the distant future.
Electric cars: technical characteristics and environmental impacts
Environmental Sciences Europe, 2012
Background: Electric vehicles have been identified as being a key technology in reducing future emissions and energy consumption in the mobility sector. The focus of this article is to review and assess the energy efficiency and the environmental impact of battery electric cars (BEV), which is the only technical alternative on the market available today to vehicles with internal combustion engine (ICEV). Electricity onboard a car can be provided either by a battery or a fuel cell (FCV). The technical structure of BEV is described, clarifying that it is relatively simple compared to ICEV. Following that, ICEV can be 'e-converted' by experienced personnel. Such an e-conversion project generated reality-close data reported here. Results: Practicability of today's BEV is discussed, revealing that particularly small-size BEVs are useful. This article reports on an e-conversion of a used Smart. Measurements on this car, prior and after conversion, confirmed a fourfold energy efficiency advantage of BEV over ICEV, as supposed in literature. Preliminary energy efficiency data of FCV are reviewed being only slightly lower compared to BEV. However, well-to-wheel efficiency suffers from 47% to 63% energy loss during hydrogen production. With respect to energy efficiency, BEVs are found to represent the only alternative to ICEV. This, however, is only true if the electricity is provided by very efficient power plants or better by renewable energy production. Literature data on energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission by ICEV compared to BEV suffer from a 25% underestimation of ICEV-standardized driving cycle numbers in relation to street conditions so far. Literature data available for BEV, on the other hand, were mostly modeled and based on relatively heavy BEV as well as driving conditions, which do not represent the most useful field of BEV operation. Literature data have been compared with measurements based on the converted Smart, revealing a distinct GHG emissions advantage due to the German electricity net conditions, which can be considerably extended by charging electricity from renewable sources. Life cycle carbon footprint of BEV is reviewed based on literature data with emphasis on lithium-ion batteries. Battery life cycle assessment (LCA) data available in literature, so far, vary significantly by a factor of up to 5.6 depending on LCA methodology approach, but also with respect to the battery chemistry. Carbon footprint over 100,000 km calculated for the converted 10-year-old Smart exhibits a possible reduction of over 80% in comparison to the Smart with internal combustion engine.
Expansion of Electrical Vehicles: A Status Report
International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 2022
Now-a-days, there are a growing number of individuals who care about environmental issues and global warming, both of which contribute to the rising popularity of electric cars (EVs). All throughout the globe, supplies are dwindling due to the increasing demand for non-renewable fuels like gasoline and diesel, which are used mostly in light-duty vehicles. Vehicles that rely on fossil fuels are not only difficult on the budget due to the volatility of fuel costs, but they also pose a threat to health of the public and the natural world. This study examines the evolution of electric vehicles (EVs), focusing on the latest developments in battery technology, converters, charging techniques, connections, and research obstacles. The present and potential EV markets throughout the globe are examined in detail. In electric cars, the battery plays a key role. From lead-acid to lithium-ion, all the different types of batteries are discussed in detail in this study. Moreover, we analyse the various recommendations for regulate power output and manage battery power, as well as the existing requirements for charging EVs.
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Due to the problems caused by the gasoline engine on the environment and people, the automotive industry has turned to the electrical powered vehicle. This report explains how an electric vehicle works and compares the electric vehicle to the internal combustion engine and hybrid vehicle. The report provides some of the advantages and disadvantages of the electric vehicle. At a time when the fuel prices are rocketing sky high , the daily running cost of a vehicle and its cost of ownership are hitting the roof and there is a dire need to protect our environment , alternative means of transport are few. Electric vehicle are slow expensive with limited range the solution comes in the form of electrical vehicle .
A Review on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
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