Bacteriological analysis of tap, processed and filtered water samples (original) (raw)
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J.Appl.Sci.Environ.Manage., 2019
ABSTACT: In drinking water systems, a large number of microorganisms live in complex communities in a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix associated with inner surfaces of pipes, walls and floors of storage tanks, joints and faucets. This study was aimed at analyzing the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of bacterial isolates of drinking water distribution systems in some higher institutions in Edo State. The physicochemical parameters were determined by using standard protocol and microbiological water quality was conducted using the standard microbiological methods. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed that, the pH values ranged between 4.17 and 5.89. The highest (5.89) was recorded with samples from OK-R and the least (4.17) was obtained from UB-T. The electrical conductivity (EC) values for SA-R (104.8µS/cm), AA-R (105.5 µS/cm) and OKR (114.8 µS/cm) exceeded the permissible threshold value of 100µS/cm. Concentrations of lead for AA-R (0.02 mg/L) and OK-R (0.03 mg/L) were significantly higher than the acceptable level of 0.01mg/L. The mean total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged from 3.3 ± 0.3 x 10 2 cfu/mL to 9.3 ± 0.3 x 10 2 cfu/mL, with the least and highest counts recorded for UB-R and AA-R. Phenotypically identified bacteria were the Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Proteus and Providencia species. The study revealed that drinking water system of biofilms is a reservoir for microorganisms that could cause public health concerns which is impacted by the presence of available nutrient, environmental conditions and heavy metals.
A Review On Bacteriological Evaluation Of Drinking Water Sample
International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023
Water is essential to life, and its quality serves as a gauge of human society's environmental health. Over the past three to four centuries, urbanization and industrialization have impacted water bodies, which are typically used to discharge domestic and industrial wastes. River water pollution has a negative impact on people's hygiene and environmental health in the areas surrounding the river.The water samples were tested for presumed coliform count and confirmation of Escherichia coli using the multiple tube technique on OXOID MacConkey Broth (Oxoid Ltd, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England).The present investigation reveals bacteriological evaluation of drinking water sources in and around Pune City, Maharashtra, India. Wells, bore wells, hand pumps, treated water from corporation purification plant, and other sources are some of the sources from which residential areas of Pune obtain their drinking water supply. Bacterial contamination of potable water resources is the most frequent health hazard .Although groundwater is widely used as one of the main sources of drinking water in developing countries, it is generally thought to be the least polluting source of water. However, the stress on water reservoirs resulting from unplanned urbanization has increased recently, with improper and incomplete waste treatment by industries, agricultural practices, and domestic users, and with no adequate provision for disposing of generated wastes.According to the World Health Organization, water diseases caused by poor drinking water quality and inadequate hygiene and sanitation account for about 5% of all deaths in these countries, which is why this study was conducted.One aspect of water quality is represented by bacterial water analysis, a microbiological analytical procedure that uses water samples to determine the concentration of bacteria from which conclusions about the suitability of the water for use can be drawn. Bacteriological water analysis estimates the number of bacteria present and, if necessary, determines what kind of bacteria they are.
Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 2011
Bacterial abundance in the water used for drinking by humans and animals is a parameter that is closely linked to their health. Therefore, application of a method of detection of bacterial count which will indicate the real status of this parameter, as authentically as possible, is necessary. The bacterial load of water in certain stages of water supply using direct and cultivation methods was investigated. In the cultivation method, the water samples were inoculated on PCA and on R2A medium, and incubated for 7 days at 37 ?C and at room temperature. Direct method included filtration of samples stained with acridine orange and counting of bacteria on the filters under the epifluorescence microscope. Cultivation and direct methods showed the lowest bacterial count in the tank of Bagdala II, 0 cfu/ml and 611 bacteria/ml, respectively, and maximum abundance in raw water, 157 cfu/ml and 1,378,698 bacteria/ml, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that significantly higher count of b...
MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF DRINKING WATER: QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
Consumption of drinking water contaminated with fecally originated pathogenic bacteria is mostly responsible for the onset of water borne disease outbreaks especially in developing countries. Current study attempted to analyze 25 treated drinking water samples both qualitative-and quantitatively from different areas of Dhaka metropolis, Bangladesh where 90% cases of diseases (dysentery, typhoid, cholera and diarrhea) have long been reported due to the water borne microorganisms diseases. Through the most probable number (MPN) method, 5 samples out of 25 were found to be non-potable as they had been contaminated with Escherichia coli indicating the risk for fecal contamination responsible for disease outbreaks. Other contaminating Gram negative bacteria were characterized as Klebsiella spp., Alcaligenes faecalis, Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. Interestingly the presence of E. coli was detected in the same 5 samples within a range of 3.0×10 2 to 1.7×10 5 cfu/ml by the conventional cultural and biochemical methods. Moreover, a huge array of other pathogenic bacteria was also detected (5.0×10 2 -3.5×10 8 cfu/ml) through this method. Further detection of drug resistance traits among the bacterial isolates would be of public health significance.
Microbial Analysis of Drinking Water And Water Distribution System
The discharge of wastes from municipal sewers is one of the most important water quality issues world-wide. It is of particular significance to sources of drinking-water. Municipal sewage contains human faeces and water contaminated with these effluents may contain pathogenic (disease-causing) organisms and, consequently, may be hazardous to human health if used as drinking-water or in food preparation. Faecal contamination of water is routinely detected by microbiological analysis. It is impractical to attempt the routine isolation of pathogens because they are present in relatively small numbers compared with other types of micro-organism. Moreover, there are many types of pathogen and each requires a unique microbiological isolation technique. The approach that has been adopted is to analyse for indicator organisms that inhabit the gut in large numbers and are excreted in human faeces. The presence of these indicator organisms in water is evidence of faecal contamination and, therefore, of a risk that pathogens are present. If indicator organisms are present in large numbers, the contamination is considered to be recent and/or severe. Bacteria in water are, in general, not present individually, but as clumps or in association with particulate matter. When enumerating bacteria in water it is not the number of individual bacteria present which are counted, but the number of clumps of bacteria or the particles and their associated bacteria. Each clump or particle may have many bacteria associated with it.
Biomedica, 2010
Introduction: Water borne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms. In Pakistan, the availability of safe water is only 40% to 60%. Therefore it becomes imperative to determine the bacteriological status of drinking water. A few laboratories perform such an evaluation and, that too, by the old method technique i.e Most Probable Number (MPN). We evaluated 100 samples of drinking water from some areas of Lahore by the Membrane Filtration Technique (MFT) using CHRO-Magar. Using this technique in one step a much large volume of water can be evaluated quantitatively in a short time and with ease. Use of CHROMagar straightaway confirms the presence of Escherichia coli which is accepted universally as the indicator of fecal contamination. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional study. A volume of 100 ml water was filtered under the vacuum pressure through Millipore membrane filters. After filtration, membrane filters were placed on CHROMagar and incubated at 35C for 24 hr. Escherichia coli appeared as blue coloured colonies while coliforms yielded colonies of pink colour. Escherichia coli were further identified by API 20E and confirmed by Eijkman test. Results: Escherichia coli was grown from 42% samples (all Eijkman positive). Coliform organisms were grown from 54% specimens. Conclusion: It was alarming that 59% of drinking water was unsatisfactory for human consumption.
A study was conducted to evaluate the quality of drinking water samples from the four different drinking water sources namely open wells, Bore wells, can water and tap water from 37 wards of Kavali Municipality, SPSR Nellore district, A.P. count of bacteria, total conidial spores were carried out. The physico chemical parameters are standard method. municipality. Municipal tap water > Bore water Open well water is highest (95 × 10 are also high in open well waters (10.75 × 10 that 82.6 % and 92.4 % of drinking water samples found to cross the WHO guideline value for drinking water. Total via counts were by the multiple tube fermentation technique. The pH (at 25 for the untreated raw water samples while temperature ranged from 28 to 30 the water and waste water samples ranges from 0.08 to 1.00. samples ranges from 9.3 to 44 MPN/100 mL. The fecal coli and 48 cells, also exceeding the standard limit for water. The Isolated organisms were identified to be organisms namely
Comparison of the bacteriological quality of tap water and bottled mineral water
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2008
The bacteriological quality of tap water from municipal water supplies, 20-L bottles of mineral water from water dispensers and samples collected from new 20-L bottles of mineral water were comparatively studied. Total coliforms, termotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, fecal streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus spp. and heterotrophic plate count were enumerated. The results showed that 36.4% of the tap water samples from municipal water systems and 76.6% of the 20-L bottles of mineral water from water dispensers were contaminated by at least one coliform or indicator bacterium and/or at least one pathogenic bacterium. The bacteriological quality of municipal tap water is superior when compared with the 20-L bottles of mineral water collected from water dispensers and samples collected from new 20-L bottles of mineral water before installation in the dispensers. This highlights the need for an improved surveillance system for the bottled water industry. For the municipal water systems, it is recommended to perform the Pseudomonas enumeration periodically, in addition to the routine data collected by most systems.
Vantage: Journal of Thematic Analysis
Availability of safe drinking water is a prerequisite for survival and safeguard against various water-borne diseases. The study was carried out with an aim to check the efficacy of water purifier systems by assessing the bacteriological and physico-chemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, pH, TDS, chloride, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, and free CO2) in industrial RO water samples from various outlets at Maitreyi College and household RO and filtered water samples from two residential areas (Satya Niketan and Geeta Colony) located in Delhi, India. The results obtained were compared with the standard values set by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for safe drinking water. Out of total 29 samples analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters, the values of most of the samples were found to be within permissible range. The values of some parameters for drinking water samples collected from filter and RO purifier installed at Geeta colony were above the maximum limit which can pose serious threats to health. The bacteriological examination was assessed by the Most Probable Number (MPN) test and the results of EMB agar plates showed that there is probability of presence of coliform bacteria in 3 samples. The results obtained signify that it is important to check the purity of drinking water at regular intervals irrespective of the fact that it is filtered. Also, it is imperative to ensure regular maintenance of purifier systems installed as they themselves might be the source of impurity.