Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and natural antibacterials on growth performance and Salmonella colonization in broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella enteritidis (original) (raw)
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2016
This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of multi-strain probiotic inclusion levels on performance, intestinal morphology, gut microflora and hematological changes in Salmonella typhimurium (ST) infected broiler chickens. A total of 120 day old Ross 308 broiler chickens were distributed into 20 floor pens and reared for 10 days under 5 experimental treatments including a corn-soy basal diet with no probiotic (Control), or 0.5 g (0.05%), 1 g (0.1%), 1.5 g (0.15%) and 2 g (0.2%) probiotic/kg diet. Chickens were infected orally with ST at second day of experiment. Broilers under 0.15% of probiotic had higher body weight gain compared to other treatments. Probiotic supplementation, except at 0.05%, significantly improved feed conversion ratio. The use of 0.1 and 0.15% of probiotic reduced the population of Salmonella in ileum. The lowest heterophil:lymphocyte ratio was observed in 0.15% of probiotic, although 0.1 and 0.2% of probiotic significantly reduced this ratio compare...
Microorganisms, 2022
Lactobacilli are commonly used as probiotics in poultry to improve production parameters and to increase chicken resistance to enteric infections. However, lactobacilli do not efficiently colonise the chicken intestinal tract, and also, their anti-infection effect in vivo is sometimes questionable. In this study, we therefore evaluated the potential of a mixture of four Lactobacillus species (L. salivarius, L. reuteri, L. ingluviei and L. alvi) for the protection of chickens against Salmonella Enteritidis infection. Whenever the chickens were inoculated by lactobacilli and S. Enteritidis separately, there was no protective effect of lactobacilli. This means that when lactobacilli and S. Enteritidis are exposed to each other as late as in the crop of chickens, lactobacilli did not influence chicken resistance to S. Enteritidis at all. The only positive effect was recorded when the mixture of lactobacilli and S. Enteritidis was used for the inoculation of feed and the feed was anaerob...
Poultry Science, 2017
In a market undergoing constant evolution, the production of chicken meat that consumers would perceive as "natural" and "animal friendly" is crucial. The use of probiotics in rurally reared chickens could represent a major opportunity to achieve mutual benefit for both the industry and consumers. A total of 264 male Kabir chicks were randomly distributed to one of 2 dietary treatments: the L group received a commercial feed supplemented with 2.0 g/100 kg of Lactobacillus acidophilus D2/CSL, while the C group received the same basal diet without the additive. To assess the effects of probiotic supplementation in the chickens' diet, productive performance was evaluated at d 21 and 42, whereas microbiological analyses of the intestinal content and intestinal histology and morphometry were performed at the end of the trial (d 42). At d 21 and 42, L birds showed better (P < 0.001) performance in terms of body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. En-terococci, staphylococci, and Escherichia coli populations were not influenced by dietary treatment. On the contrary, Lactobacillus population increased (P = 0.032) in the L group. Furthermore, a tendency (P = 0.069) was observed for the coliforms to be influenced by diet, with lower values in the L group in comparison to the C group. Histological techniques revealed that the number of goblet cell containing neutral mucins was lower in the C group. Morphometric evaluations demonstrated that the probiotic supplementation increased the height of the mucosal layer by improving (P = 0.040) villus height, while crypt depth was unaffected. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study demonstrate that it is possible to use Lactobacillus acidophilus D2/CSL (CECT 4529) in rurally reared chicken breeds with positive effects on performance and gut health.
Use of Lactobacillus johnsonii in broilers challenged with Salmonella sofia
Animal Nutrition, 2015
The effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii (L. johnsonii) on gut microflora, bird performance and intestinal development were assessed using 288 one-day-old Cobb broilers challenged with Salmonella sofia (S. sofia). The experiment was a 3 Â 2 factorial design which consisted of three treatments, a negative control (NC) with no additives, a positive control (PC) containing antimicrobials (zinc-bacitracin, 50 mg/ kg) and a probiotic group (Pro), and with the two factors being unchallenged or challenged with S. sofia. A probiotic preparation of L. johnsonii (10 9 cfu/chick) was administered to chicks individually by oral gavage on days 1, 3, 7 and 12. Chicks were individually challenged with S. sofia (10 7 cfu/chick) by oral gavage on d 2, 8 and 13. Results showed that the challenge itself markedly reduced (P o 0.05) bird performance and feed intake. And, transient clinical symptoms of the infection with S. sofia were observed from the second time they were challenged with S. sofia in the negative challenge groups. The novel probiotic candidate L. johnsonii reduced the number of S. sofia and Clostridium perfringens in the gut environment, and improved the birds' colonization resistance to S. sofia.
International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017
An in ovo trial was carried out to investigate the effect of injecting Lactobacillus acidophilus to 18 days old chicken embryo on the production performance of commercial broilers. 720 broiler hatching eggs (Cobb-400) with uniform weight were randomly selected, divided in to 5 groups with 6 replicates of 24 eggs each and incubated under standard conditions. In ovo injection was carried out on 18 th day of incubation, out of total 720 eggs, 144 eggs served as non injected control (T 1), 144 eggs served as sham control and the remaining 432 eggs (144 for each treatment group) were injected with 0.2 ml of 1x10 6 Lactobacillus acidophilus (T3), 0.2 ml of 1x10 9 Lactobacillus acidophilus (T4) and 0.2ml of 1x10 12 Lactobacillus acidophilus (T5). The positive control group was injected with 0.2 ml of 0.9% normal saline solution. At hatch, 480 chicks were randomly selected (96 birds in each treatment) with six replicates of 16 birds each as per treatment wise. Data on hatchability, chick weight, body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, FCR and livability were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis. There was no significant difference in per cent hatchability among treatment and control groups. The body weight and weight gain were significantly (P<0.01) affected by in ovo injection of Lactobacillus acidophilus irrespective of concentration on 2 nd , 4 th and 6 th week of age. The feed consumption was significantly (P<0.01) higher in probiotic injected groups compared to negative and sham control only on second week. The biweekly cumulative FCR was significantly improved by in ovo infusion of probiotics during 2 nd and 4 th week whereas 6 th week FCR was not affected. The livability was significantly (P<0.05) higher in probiotic infused groups. Based on the results of the present study it can be concluded that the in ovo
This work was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a postbiotic compound produced by stabilized non-viable Lactobacilli on the health, growth performance, immunity, and gut status against Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenge of broiler chickens. A total of 400, day-old broiler chicks were allocated into 4 equal groups (1-4) consisting of 100; each assigned into 2 equal replicates (50 each). Chickens in the 1st group were received the dry form of the compound at doses of 1 kg and 0.5 kg /ton feed for starter and grower, and the finisher diets; respectively. Chickens in the 2nd group were given the aqueous form of the compound in a dose of 4 ml/liter of the drinking water during the first 3 days of life and at a day before and after each vaccination. Feed and water treatments regimens were administered to chickens in the 3rd group. Group (4) was kept without treatment. Each bird in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th group was challenged with E. coli (O78) at one-week-old. All groups were kept...
Research Paper, 2019
The respective research trial was conducted to investigate the effect of in ovo injection of Lactobacillus acidophilus to 18 days old broiler chicken embryo on gut microflora of commercial broilers. On 18 th day of incubation in ovo injection was carried out in which out of total 720 broiler hatching eggs, 144 eggs served as non injected control (T1), 144 eggs served as sham control and the remaining 432 eggs (144 for each treatment group) were injected with 0.2 ml of 1x10 6 Lactobacillus acidophilus (T3), 0.2 ml of 1x10 9 Lactobacillus acidophilus (T4) and 0.2ml of 1x10 12 Lactobacillus acidophilus (T5). The positive control group was injected with 0.2 ml of 0.9% normal saline solution. At hatch, 480 chicks were randomly selected (96 birds in each treatment) with six replicates of 16 birds each as per treatment wise. On 42 nd day of experiment, data related to gut microflora count of intestinal contents were recorded and statistically analysed. In ovo injection of L. acidophilus how ed significant (P<0.01) improvement in colonization of beneficial Lactobacillus spp. and significant (P<0.01) reduction in harmful bacteria among treatment and control groups. Among the treatment group L. acidophilus of 1x10 6 shows better values of 14.24 compared to other treatment groups with log value of 15.00 in LA 1x10 9 and 14.94 kg value in LA 1x10 12 injected group. The results of the present trial indicated that the in ovo injection of Lactobacillus acidophilus has incresed beneficial bacteria counts and markedly reduced harmful pathogens in the intestinal contents of commercial broilers thereby improved gut efficiency and gut health of broiler chicken.
Avian Pathology, 2016
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of a lactic acid bacteria-based probiotic (FloraMax-B11 ®) against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis intestinal colonization and intestinal permeability in broiler chickens. Experiment 1 consisted of two independent trials. In each trial, day-old broiler chicks were assigned to one of two groups: control + S. Enteritidis or probiotic + S. Enteritidis. At 72 h postS. Enteritidis challenge, haematology and caecal content were evaluated for S. Enteritidis colonization. In Experiment 2, day-old broiler chicks were assigned to one of four groups: negative control; probiotic; control + S. Enteritidis; or probiotic + S. Enteritidis. At 72 h postS. Enteritidis challenge, chickens in all groups were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d). In both trials of Experiment 1, a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in colony-forming units/gram of S. Enteritidis in caecal content and a reduction in the incidence of S. Enteritidis enriched caecal samples were observed in probiotic + S. Enteritidis chickens. In addition, significant heterophilia and lymphopaenia were observed in control + S. Enteritidis chickens. In Experiment 2, a decrease in numbers of S. Enteritidis in caeca were observed in probiotic + S. Enteritidis chickens when compared to control + S. Enteritidis. Also, an increase in serum FITC-d concentration was detected in control + S. Enteritidis. These results suggest that early infection with S. Enteritidis can increase intestinal permeability, but the adverse effects can be prevented by the administration of the probiotic tested.
Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2013
Necrotic Enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens (CP) in poultry is probably the most important bacterial disease in terms of economic implications. The disease is multi-factorial and is invariably associated with predisposing factors. The present study investigated the effect of a commercially available Lactobacillus-based probiotic (FM-B11) for the control of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. In experiment 1, one-day-of-hatch broiler chicks were randomly allocated to the following treatment groups: 1) Non-challenged (NC); 2) Challenged (C); 3) Challenged + probiotic (C+ FM-B11). Prior to placement, chicks in groups 2 and 3 received 0.25 mL of Salmonella typhimurium (ST) containing 10 5 cfu of viable cells by oral gavage. At 14, 15 and 16 days of age, all chicks in group 3 were treated with FM-B11 in the drinking water at a concentration of 10 6 cfu/ml. At 21d of age, all chicks in groups 2 and 3, were individually challenged with 5 × 10 4 sporulated oocysts of E. maxima by oral gavage. At 26d of age, all chicks in groups 2 and 3, were individually challenged with 10 8 cfu CP; body weight (BW) was recorded prior to challenge. The experiment was terminated at 29 days of age and the following parameters were evaluated: NE-associated mortality, CP lesion scores, CP concentrations in ileum, BW, and body weight gain (BWG). Chicks treated with FM-B11 had significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight gain after challenge when compared to control challenge chickens. Total mortality was higher in the C group (48.8%) when compared to the C + FM-B11 (12.7%). Even though there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in lesion score between C and C + FM-B11, group C + FM-B11 had significantly (P < 0.05) lower total number of cfu of CP recovered from the ileal mucosa and content samples when compared to group C. Experiment 2 was a unique and remarkable case report of a field outbreak of NE in a commercial broiler farm in Argentina. A reduction and control of the mortality associated with NE following 3 days of administration of FM-B11 was observed as compared with the control non treated house. These results imply that the commercially available Lactobacillus-based probiotic FM-B11 was able to reduce the severities of NE, as a secondary bacterial infection, in an experimental NE challenge model; as well as, in a commercial field outbreak of NE.
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production, 2009
To study the effect of Probiotics and lactose on the Salmonella colonization and immunity in Inshas and Matrouh local broilers purebreds and crossbreds, ten groups of broilers chicks were categorized and offered different treatments of probiotics including Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faeceium alone or accompanied by 2.5% Lactose in drinking water. Different parameters were evaluated including body weight, feed conversion, feed intake, daily gain, livability, caecal Salmonella count, caecal pH and antibody titer against Salmonella. Results showed that, Enterococcus faeceium had significant effects on body weight and daily gain while none of the used treatments had significant effects on livability of the examined chicks. Enterococcus faeceium and Bacillus subtilis had significant effects on feed intake only at 7 days of age while Bacillus subtilis showed a significant difference on feed conversion only at 28 days age. Inshas x Matrouh crossbred proved to be the most effective in reducing Salmonella count at 28 days. All treatments caused reduction of caecal pH and Lactobacillus acidophilus with lactose 2.5% had the highest effect. Matrouh x Inshas crossbred showed the strongest immunity reaction against Salmonella if compared with the other breeds. Enterococcus faeceium together with lactose gave also the strongest immune reaction against Salmonella if compared with the other breeds.