Effect of plant density and corm weight on yield and yield components of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under soil, hydroponic and plastic tunnel cultivation (original) (raw)
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2015
Rezvani Moghaddam, P., A. Balandari and S.M. Seyyedi. 2015. Effect of plant density and harvest time on forage yield of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. cv. Grasslands Puna). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 17(2): 104-114. (In Persian). To study the effect of plant density and harvest time on forage yield of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. cv. Grasslands Puna), an experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, over two years in 2006 and 2007. Experimental design was split-split plot based on complete randomized block design with three replications. Different plant densities of ‘Grasslands Puna’ chicory (Cichorium intybus L. cv. Grasslands Puna) (10, 20 and 40 plants.m), three harvest time (10% flowering, 50-60% flowering and full flowering) and three cutting frequency (due to plant re-growth) allocated to main, sub and sub-sub plots, respectively. Results showed that10% flowering and full flowering stages of ‘Grasslands Puna’ chicory were achieved at...
Nova Biologica Reperta, 2021
Most of agricultural lands in Iran are located in arid and semi-arid regions and are considered as saline soils. In order to investigate the interaction of salinity as well as potassium and calcium on the growth and yield of tomato plants, a factorial experiment was perfected in the form of randomized complete blocks, in hydroponic conditions, with three replicates per treatment. Experimental factors include salinity at three levels (0, 20, and 40 mM NaCl), potassium content form chloride, nitrate (0 and 15 mM), and calcium from chloride, and nitrate (with 0 and 10 mM) . The studied growth factors, including plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, flowers and fruits and leaf chlorophyll decreased Received 28.03.2021/ Revised 26.05.2021/ Accepted 27.06.2021/ Published 22.10.2021 :تفایرد 08 / 01 / 1400 / :حلاصا 05 / 03 / 1400 / :شریذپ 06 / 04 / 1400 / :راشتنا 30 / 07 / 1400 [ D O I: 1 0. 52 54 7/ nb r. 8. 3. 20 6 ] [ D O R : 2 0. 10 01 .1 .2 42 36 33 0. 14 00 .8 .3 .5 .8 ] [ D ...
Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 2019
Mineral mulches, such as pumice, increase water retention of soil, reduce evaporation and optimum water consumption. Use of pumice, thus, can be effective in improving the performance and growth of plant under water stress condition. This research was performed in completely randomized block design with three replications, four levels pumice, without its use (as control), and use of 30, 60 and 90 tons of pumice per hectare and three levels of irrigation (at 50% severe stress, at 70% moderate stress and at 100% without stress, evaporation from class A evaporation pan to evaluate the effect of treatment on some physiological traits of corn (modified hybrid of Maxima). Physiological traits of corn, was affected significantly by pumice and irrigation. The highest and lowest chlorophyll index, leaf relative water content, stomatal conductance and dry and fresh weight biomass, were obtained from pumice treatment of 90 tons per hectare and the control. The highest and lowest leaf temperature was also obtained from treatments of control and 90 tons per hectare. Chlorophyll index of 90 tons treatment per hectare in comparison with control and 30 tons per hectare of pumice amounted to 52 and 26% respectively. Stomatal conductance of irrigation at 50% evaporation from evaporation pan in comparison with treatments 70 and 100% decreased by 42 and 23% respectively. Thus it can conducted that the use of the 60 tons per hectare of pumice and irrigation at 70% evaporation from evaporation pan would be effective and will significantly affect plant vegetative characteristics and yield of corn.
Sesame is an oily and medicinal seeds adapted to tropic and semi-tropic regions of the world but cultivation of its new accessions has been developed in temperate regions. To evaluate the effect of plant density on growth indices, seed oil percentage and seed yield of three sesame genotypes, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014, in Rostam region, Fars, Iran. First factor was planted density at five levels (15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 plant m-2) and the second factor was three sesame genotypes (Nurabad, Borazjan and Darab 14). The result showed that maximum and minimum LAI was achieved from Nurabad and Darab 14 and also from 15 and 55 plant m-2 , respectively. Growth indices analyzing showed that Nurabad was better than the two genotypes. Maximum CGR ranged from 1.96-2.62 g m-2 GDD-1. Nurabad and Borazjan had the maximum RGR at the beginning of the growing season. Plant density decreased oil percentage and Bora...
Journal of Water and Soil Science
To determine the nitrate pollution (water, soil, and tubers) in small (< 0.5 ha), medium (0.5-1 ha) and large (> 1 ha) size of potato fields, this study was conducted in Fereidan region of Isfahan province during growing season of 2014-2015. For this purpose, the amounts of inputs and the tuber yield were recorded in each farm. Also, average nitrate-N concentration in irrigation water, soil and tubers of different potato farms were measured before planting and after harvesting. The results showed that the average soil N-nitrate concentration in small, medium and large size farms were 16.3, 17.4 and 19.9 mg kg-1 before planting and 10.3, 13.3 and 23.3 mg kg-1 after harvesting, respectively. The average N-nitrate concentration of irrigation water in small, medium and large size farms were 36.3, 27.1 and 19.5 mg L-1 before planting and 47.6, 33.1 and 16.4 mg L-1 after harvesting, respectively. After harvesting, NO3-N concentration of irrigation water was below the standard range concentration (45 mg L-1) in the all large farms while 87 % of small and 85% of medium farms showed more than standard concentration. The nitrate concentrations of tubers in large-sized farms were lower than others. The tuber NO3-N concentration was affected by potato cultivar. The lowest concentration of nitrate was observed in the late-season potato cultivars (Agria). That might be associated with greater tubers yield.
Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 2018
Salt and drought are two major environmental stresses that affect growth and development of plants. In order to study the effects of sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol (6000) on germination characteristics and early seedling growth of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), two completely randomized designs with 4 replications were conducted at Weed Research Laboratory of Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan in 2015. The treatments were salt and drought stress as osmotic potential at six levels (zero (control),-2,-4,-6,-8 and-10 bar). The results showed that when stress increased, germination percentage, germination speed, radicle and plumule length, seedling length and seedling vigor index decreased significantly (p≤ 0.05). With an increase in the intensity of salt and drought stress from zero to-10 bars, redroot pigweed seed germination reduced about 96 and 100 percent, respectively, compared with the control. The highest seedling length in both stresses was observed in the control (7.71 cm) and by increasing stress intensity to-10 bars in both salinity and drought stresses, seedling length was reduced to 1.52 cm and 0 cm, respectively. Fitting of the three-parameter logistic model provided a successful estimation of the relationship between salt and drought stress levels and germination percentage of redroot pigweed as well as germination speed. This model showed that salinity and drought stress at-3.58 and-3.75 bars caused a 50% reduction in maximum germination percentage of redroot pigweed. In addition, 50% decrease in germination speed caused by salinity and drought stress was observed in-2.58 and-2.88 bars, respectively.
2014
مدل سازی رشد گیاه ابزار مهمی در ارزیابی اثرات تنش خشکی بر روی عملکرد محصول دیم و در نتیجه آن، انتخاب تاریخ کشت بهینه و تصمیم گیری برای روش های مدیریتی مناسب می باشد. یکی از جدیدترین مدل های گیاهی مدل AquaCrop (آکواکراپ) است که توسط سازمان فائو توسعه داده شده و اساس آن عکس العمل عملکرد محصول نسبت به آب مصرفی می باشد و با استفاده از متغیرهای اقلیمی، گیاه، خاک و مدیریتی، عملکرد محصول را شبیه سازی می نماید. مدل مذکور بایستی برای هر محصول و در هر منطقه خاص واسنجی و ارزیابی گردد. در این تحقیق، مدل گیاهی آکواکراپ در ایستگاه تحقیقات دیم سیساب واقع در خراسان شمالی و برای گیاه گندم تحت کشت دیم واسنجی و ارزیابی شد. برای واسنجی مدل، از داده های هواشناسی روزانه و داده های برداشت محصول دو سال زراعی (87-86 و 88-87) در ایستگاه سیساب استفاده شد. برای اعتبارسنجی مدل نیز از داده های هواشناسی مستقل از مرحله واسنجی و داده های عملکرد واقعی محصول در پنج سال زراعی 82-81 الی 86-85 استفاده گردید. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که مدل آکوکراپ با دقت بالایی قابلیت مدل سازی عملکرد محصول را دارا می باشد. بطوری که ضریب...
Effects of water deficit stress on Salvia leriifolia Benth. yield and essential oil composition
The effects of water deficit on yield, essential oil contents and composition of Noroozak (Salvia leriifolia Benth.) were investigated at Khorasan-e-Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Mashhad-Iran. The treatments were deficit irrigation based on actual evapotranspiration (ETc) at the rate of 100% (fully irrigated), 66.6% (moderate stress), 33.3% (severe stress) and non-irrigated (control). The experiment was analyzed in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that the essential oil percentage of green leaves and flowering stem in severe stress and control was significantly (P≤0.05) higher than that of fully irrigated treatment. The highest and lowest dry matter yields were obtained in fully irrigated and control treatments, respectively. Severe deficit (P≤0.05) decreased the essential oil yield significantly but it was not affected in moderate stress. Results also showed that 1, 8-cineol, β-pinene and borneol were the main essential oil constituents in all water deficit treatments, included nearly 50% of total essential oil contents. The above essential oil constituents in control treatment increased by 21.1%, 7% and 15.3% in green leaves and 39%, 12% and 55% in flowering stems in comparison with fully irrigated treatment. However cedren-13-ol and δ-cadinene decreased by 58.5% and 46% in green leaves and 52% and 14% in flowering stems, respectively.