Experimental infection with Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae serotype 61:k:1,5,(7) in sheep: Study of cell mediated immune response (original) (raw)
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Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae Serotype 61:k:1:5:(7) a Host Adapted to Sheep
Salmonella - a Challenge From Farm to Fork [Working Title], 2021
Salmonella genus is widely distributed in nature and causes a spectrum of diseases in man and animals. Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae serotype 61: k: 1,5, (7) (SED) is a host adapted to sheep and its presence as saprophytic bacteria in sheep has been described in different countries. Several studies performed in abattoirs reported the presence of SED in healthy sheep in the intestinal content and also in the respiratory tract. In addition, this microorganism has also been isolated from nostril and faecal samples in healthy live animals. For this reason, this microorganism is considered well adapted to sheep, behaving normally these animals as asymptomatic carriers. However, SED has also been reported causing health disorders such as chronic proliferative rhinitis in adult sheep, abortions, testicular lesions in rams or alimentary tract disorders in young animals. The zoonotic potential of this microorganism is also discussed.
Pathogens
The objectives of this experimental work were the evaluation of the potential role of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae in diarrhoeic syndrome in lambs and the investigation of facets of the pathogenesis of the infection. In total, 12 lambs were challenged orally on the first day of life, with a S. enterica subsp. diarizonae isolate from a clinical case of diarrhoeic syndrome. Sequential blood, faecal and buccal samples were collected from lambs and faecal and milk samples were taken from their dams. Lambs were euthanised 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after challenge. Samples were processed for recovery of the challenge organism; they were also subjected to examination by PCR for detection of the invA gene. Tissue samples from lambs were also examined as above and histopathologically. S. enterica subsp. diarizonae was recovered from faecal samples of all lambs, in total, from 45/77 samples (median duration: 2.4 days post-inoculation). It was also recovered from buccal samples (...
Infection and Immunity, 2001
The colonization of intestinal and systemic tissues by Salmonella enterica serovars with different host specificities was determined 7 days after inoculation of 1 to 2-month-old lambs. Following oral inoculation, S. enterica serovars Abortusovis, Dublin, and Gallinarum were recovered in comparable numbers from the intestinal mucosa, but serovar Gallinarum was recovered in lower numbers than the other serovars from systemic sites.
Immunological Study on Salmonellae Isolated from Different Sources
J. World Poult. Res., 2020
Salmonella infection is a critical veterinary and medical problem worldwide and is a major issue in the food industry. Non-typhoidal Salmonella is known as an important pathogen causing gastroenteritis. The Outer Membrane Proteins (OMPs) of Gram negative bacteria are significant for virulence, host immune responses and drug therapy targets. Enhanced diagnosis of live poultry colonized with Salmonella species is required to avoid foodborne diseases. The present study was based on molecular characterization of OMPs among four Salmonella serovars (S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. Kentucky and S. Anatum) using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The OMPs profiling showed more than 70 protein bands ranged in size from 208 kDa to below 16 kDa which were detected using Total Lab 1D 12.2 software. All Salmonella strains had a band at 54-60 kDa, 45-53 kDa, 36-39 kDa and 26-31 kDa. Eleven strains exhibited a band at 41-46 kDa and 33-35 kDa. Nine strains had a band at 61-69 kDa. Eight strains exhibited a band at 135-145 kDa and 72-79 kDa. Seven strains had a band at 108-123 kDa and 83-91 kDa. In the Western blot analysis, the prepared hyperimmune anti serum of each Salmonella serovars reacted with the 35 kDa protein band. It is concluded that the identification of novel immunogenic proteins would be useful in developing ELISA-based diagnostic assays with a higher specificity.
Epidemiology of Salmonella Species in Diarrheic Sheep and Goats
Pakistan Journal of Zoology
Contribution FMM collected samples, performed experiments and drafted the manuscript. EMA and SAF designed research and critically revised the drafted manuscript. SAY performed phylogenic analysis and revised the drafted manuscript.
Infection and …, 2007
Three precisely defined deletion mutants of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis were constructed, a guanine auxotrophic ⌬guaB mutant, a nonflagellated ⌬fliC mutant, and an auxotrophic and nonflagellated ⌬guaB ⌬fliC double mutant. All three mutants were less invasive than the wild-type strain in primary chicken cecal epithelial cells and the human epithelial cell line T84 and less efficiently internalized in the chicken macrophage cell line HD11. The ⌬fliC mutant was pathogenic in orally infected BALB/c mice, while the ⌬guaB mutant was attenuated and conferred protection against a challenge with the pathogenic parent strain. The ⌬guaB ⌬fliC double mutant was totally asymptomatic and conferred better protection than the ⌬guaB mutant. This indicates that the major flagellar protein flagellin is not required for efficient vaccination of BALB/c mice against Salmonella infection. The ⌬guaB ⌬fliC mutant was also safe for vaccination of 1-day-old chickens. After two immunizations, it induced statistically significant protection against infection of the internal organs of the birds by a virulent S. enterica serovar Enteritidis challenge strain but not against intestinal colonization. These data demonstrate that nonflagellated attenuated Salmonella mutants can be used as marker vaccines.
Some Studies on Salmonella Enterica Associated with Diarrhea in Cattle
Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2016
Bovine salmonellosis is a worldwide bacterial d isease causing great animal losses, public health and economic problems. The present study was conducted on a total nu mber o f 160 animals (130 calves and 30 adult cattle) at Alexandria governorate either indiv idually or in farms. Out o f them, 85 calves and 15 adult cattle were suffering fro m diarrhea while the remaining calves and adult cattle were apparently clin ically healthy, rectal swabs and fresh fecal samp les were collected and examined bacterio logically for the presence of Salmonella spp. The results revealed the isolation of Salmonella organism fro m 11 (13%) and 1 (6.6%) diarrheic calves and adult cattle, respectively, on contrary, no Salmonella could be isolated from all apparently clin ically healthy animals. The 12 Salmonella isolates were examined for antimicrobial sensitivity using 10 antibiotic discs; all 12 (100%) isolates showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial, the highest resistance observed for erythromycin 12 (100%), tetracycline 8 (67%) and amp icillin 7 (58%) while the highest sensitivity was observed for streptomycin 10 (80%), gentamycin 9 (75%) and chloramphenico l 7 (58%). Conventional PCR performed on 10 Salmonella isolates for the presence of three virulence genes: invasion gene (invA), enterotoxin gene (stn) and plasmid encoded fimb riae gene (pefA); invA gene was detected in 7 (70%) isolates while stn gene was detected only in 2 (20%) isolates, but pefA gene could not be detected in all 10 Salmonella isolates. In a conclusion, Salmonella is one of the most important causes of diarrhea in calves and adult cattle, Salmonella isolates were resistant to most commonly used antibiotics resulting in diff icult ies in their treat ment and the application of PCR assay is important for rapid detection of virulence profile of Salmonella.