Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: risk factors (original) (raw)
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Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 2019
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I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald, 2019
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Tuberculosis and lung diseases, 2018
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Pulmonary infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria−single centre experience
Medicinski pregled, 2013
Introduction. Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria are environmental organisms found in soil and water worldwide, and an infection caused by non-tuberculosis mycobacteria is less frequently found than the one associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study was designed to evaluate data relating to non-tuberculosis mycobacteria in patients with clinical importance. Material and Methods. Of 12 patients (pts) admitted to the Department of Pulmonology, Clinical Centre of Serbia in Belgrade during 2010- 2011, seven (58.33%) were men and five (41.67%) were women. Bacteriological and radiographic findings, co?morbidity, treatment management and outcome were evaluated from medical records. Results. Using GenoType? Mycobacterium CM/AS (Hain Lifescience) assays for identification of isolated cultures of NTM) M.xenopi was found in six (50%) pts, M.avium complex in two (16.67%) pts, M.kansasii and M.xenopi in one (8.33%), M. gordone, M.abscessus and M.peregrinum in one (8.33%) patient each. Cav...
Setting: Estonia has a high proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). It is important to link molecular and epidemiological data to understand TB transmission patterns. Objective: To use 24-locus variable numbers of tandem repeat (VNTR) typing and national TB registry data in Estonia from 2009 to 2012 to identify the distribution of drug resistance patterns, Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate clustering as an index for recent transmission, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with recent transmission, and the distribution of transmission between index and secondary cases. Design: A retrospective nationwide cross-sectional study. Results: Of 912 cases with isolate and patient information, 39.1% of isolates were from the Beijing lineage. Cluster analysis identified 87 clusters encompassing 69.1% of isolates. The largest cluster comprised 178 isolates from the Beijing lineage, of which 92.1% were MDR-or extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). Factors associated with recent transmission were polyresistant TB, MDR-and XDR-TB, human immunodeficiency virus positivity, Russian ethnicity, non-permanent living situation, alcohol abuse and detention. XDR-TB cases had the highest risk of recent transmission. The majority of transmission cases involved individuals aged 30-39 years. Conclusion: Recent TB transmission in Estonia is high and is particularly associated with MDR-and XDR-TB and the Beijing lineage. * Resistant to at least two of the first-line drugs, but not MDR-TB. TB = tuberculosis; LAM = Latin-American Mediterranean; INH = isoniazid; RMP = rifampicin; MDR-TB = multidrug-resistant TB; AG/CP = any of the injectable second-line aminoglycosides or capreomycin; FQ = fluoroquinolone; XDR-TB = extensively drug-resistant TB.
The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine, 2021
Abstract. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TBL), as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have a diverse negative impact on the quality of life (QOL) of patients. In this regard, a detailed study of the quality of life of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease retains its importance and relevance. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the orientation and degree of influence of clinical and functional features of pulmonary tuberculosis and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on patients’ quality of life and their interrelation with each other. Material and methods. Two groups of patients were studied: patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (49 people), and pulmonary tuberculosis combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (37 people), who were hospitalized at the tuberculosis dispensary. Male patients prevailed in both groups, infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed more frequently, first-time pulmonary tuberculosis was detected, and the mean age was over 45 years. Patients’ quality of life was assessed using the MOS SF-36 questionnaire. External respiratory function was examined by spirometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0 package, variance and correlation analysis of the obtained data was performed. Results and discussion. In both groups, pulmonary tuberculosis with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with decreased physical activity (PF 63,91 and 67,55, respectively), and recurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with decreased perception of general health (GH 53,0), and had a negative effect on daily activities (RP 48,64), including through impairment of the emotional sphere (RE 43,24). In the group of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to the general population in the Russian Federation, there was a decrease in social activity (SF 62,75) and physical activity (PF 67,55). Conclusion. The study showed that for the majority of domains, the decrease in quality of life in both groups - pulmonary tuberculosis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary tuberculosis without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – was noted in older age groups. The most significant decrease in the quality of life in both groups was in the domain of physical functioning (PF). In the group of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease there was a more pronounced negative effect of emotional background (RE) on the performance of daily activities and a lower perception of the physical component of health (PH). In the group of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, social functioning (SF) was affected more frequently, and there was a more pronounced sensation of pain (BP). Key words: lung tuberculosis, COPD, quality of life, SF-36.