Effect of newer chemicals on planthoppers and their mirid predator in rice (original) (raw)
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Indian journal of entomology, 2022
Efficacy of a new combination insecticide against rice brown plant hopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stal revealed that among all the treatments, significant reduction in the incidence (76.91% reduction over control) and higher grain yield (5.37 ton/ ha) was obtained with buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 875 ml/ ha. It was at par with buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 750 ml/ ha followed by buprofezin 25%SC @ 800 ml/ ha. Although maximum grain yield was obtained from buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 875 ml/ ha, maximum cost benefit in term of ICBR was observed with buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 750 ml/ ha (1:6.11) besides considering the environmental effect. Buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 750 ml/ ha was found to be most optimum one for BPH management.
Buprofezin (Award 40 SC), a chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI) has been evaluated on the mortality of brown planthopper in the laboratory condition of Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, during the period from April to August, 2014. The mortality was observed using three concentrations viz. 100, 200 and 300 ppm with different application methods like topical, leaf-dip and combination method. The mortality data was observed at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment (DAT) application. Buprofezin was found to be highly effective against BPH and the mortality was clearly dose and method dependent. The highest mortality (90.55%) was recorded from 300 ppm which was followed by 200 (83.06%) and 100 (43.47%) ppm of Buprofezin respectively. The dose, 100 ppm was found comparatively less effective than rest of the two doses. Among application methods, maximum mortality (90.55%) was found from combination method i.e. when both BPH and rice plants were treated with different concentration of Award 40SC which was followed by leaf-dip (87.32%) and topical (76.70%) application methods respectively. For all application methods, the mortality was found to be insignificant compared to control at 1 DAT but increased significantly at 2 DAT and reached to the highest level at 5 DAT which was persisted at least up to day 7.
Efficacy of a New Combination Insecticide Against Rice Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata Lugens (Stal)
Indian Journal of Entomology
Efficacy of a new combination insecticide against rice brown plant hopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stal revealed that among all the treatments, significant reduction in the incidence (76.91% reduction over control) and higher grain yield (5.37 ton/ ha) was obtained with buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 875 ml/ ha. It was at par with buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 750 ml/ ha followed by buprofezin 25%SC @ 800 ml/ ha. Although maximum grain yield was obtained from buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 875 ml/ ha, maximum cost benefit in term of ICBR was observed with buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 750 ml/ ha (1:6.11) besides considering the environmental effect. Buprofezin 24%+ fipronil 40%SC (MAIRM-10) @ 750 ml/ ha was found to be most optimum one for BPH management.
Journal of Crop and Weed, 2018
Brown plant hopper and white backed plant hopper emerged as the major sucking pest due to selection pressure. Being having potent adaptability to develop resistance against sole insecticides it is a present demand to formulate a mix formulation with different target specificity. Field experiments were conducted during boro season of 2012 and kharif season of 2013 in experimental plots of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal to evaluate the efficacy of ready mixed insecticide (buprofezin 15% +acephate 35% WP) @ 1000, 1250 and 1500 ml ha-1 against BPH (Nilaparvata lugens) and WBPH (Sogatella furcifera) of Rice. Buprofezin 15% + acephate 35% WP @ 1500 ml ha-1 was found as best effective insecticide against BPH and WBPH during both experimental seasons with highest reduction against the test insects. It was found that buprofezin 15% + acephate 35% WP @ 1500 ml ha-1 showed tremendous result over other treatments. No population of brown plant hopper was recorded after 10 days of second spray during boro season of 2012, while during kharif of 2013 only 4.33 nos. of brown plant hopper was recorded during 10 days after second spray, and no infestation was recorded from 5 days after third spray. Similarly in case of WBPH buprofezin 15% + acephate 35% WP @ 1500 ml/ha also recorded no infestation from 5 days onwards after third spray. The pre mix formulation of buprofezin 15% + acephate 35% WP @ 1500 ml ha-1 showed potentiation over the sole effect of acephate and buprofezin.
Effect of new insecticide molecules on predators of rice ecosystem
Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of newer insecticide molecules viz., imidacloprid 17.8 SL, thiamethoxam 25 WG, acetamiprid 20 SP, sulfoxaflor 25 SC, dinotefuran 20 SG, pymetrozine 50 WG, buprofezin 25 SC, monocrotophos + dichlorvos 36 SL + 76 EC against spiders and mirid bugs of rice ecosystem in Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif 2015. Among all the insecticides pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.5 g l-1 proved safer to the green mirid bugs with lowest percent mortality of 16.96 redcution over precount after two rounds of spray. The safest treatment to spiders is sulfoxaflor with 20.40 percent mortality of spiders over precount followed by pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.5 g l-1 (23.89 percent).
Pymetrozine : An effective insecticide for management of planthoppers in rice
2019
Eight insecticidal treatments including pymetrozine 50% WG at 100, 125, and 150 g a.i./ha, imidacloprid 200 SL @ 25 g a.i./ha, dinotefuran 20 SG @ 30 g a.i/ha, sulfoxaflor 24 SC @175 g a.i/ha, flonicamid 50 WG @ 75 g a.i./ha and buprofezin 25 SC @ 200 g a.i/ha were field evaluated against brown panthopper and white-backed planthopper in rice along with untreated control at Central Research Farm, Department of Entomology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), Bhubaneswar during Kharif, 2015. It was revealed that pymetrozine 50% WG 150 g a.i./ha proved to be the superior insecticide against brown planthoppers and white backed planthoppers exhibiting maximum per cent reduction over control followed by pymetrozine 50% WG 125 g a.i./ha. The least effective insecticide was imidacloprid 200 SL @ 25 g a.i./ha.
Efficacy of Benzpyrimoxan 10SC Against Rice Planthoppers
Indian Journal of Entomology
The efficacy of foliar application of benzpyrimoxan 10SC @ 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 g a.i./ ha besides the insecticidal checks imidacloprid 17.8SL @ 25 g a.i./ha and buprofezin 25SC @ 187.5 g a.i./ha was evaluated against the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) and the white backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) on rice during kharif 2017 and 2018 at the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Experimental design consisted of random blocks in three replications. Two years data revealed that benzpyrimoxan 10SC @ 100 g a.i./ha is significantly superior against the N. lugens and S. furcifera complex. Benzpyrimoxan 10SC @ 100 g a.i./ha gave significantly higher yield (34.17 q/ ha) than its lower doses but was statistically at par with its higher doses. Non-significant differences in number of spiders/hill among treated plots and untreated check at 10- and 15-DAS indicated the safety of benzpyrimoxan.
A field trail was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif 2015 to evaluate the efficacy of imidacloprid 17.8 SL, thiamethoxam 25 WG, acetamiprid 20 SP, sulfoxaflor 25 SC, dinotefuran 20 SG, pymetrozine 50 WG, buprofezin 25 SC, monocrotophos + dichlorvos 36 SL + 76 EC against brown planthopper in rice ecosystem. The data on planthoppers inferred that pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.5 g l-1 proved to be the most effective insecticide in reducing population by recording highest per cent population reduction (62.98%) over untreated control. The insecticide dinotefuran 20 SG @ 0.4 g l-1 (59.60 %) was on par with pymetrozine in suppressing the pest population and also these three chemicals recorded with the highest grain yields 5266 and 5228 kg ha-1.
Evaluation of selected insecticides against brown planthopper and their impact on natural enemies
The present investigation on the effectiveness of different insecticides against the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.), on rice in field conditions demonstrated that pymetrozine 50% WG @ 150 g a.i./ha was found to be the most efficient chemical, recording the highest overall percent decline in BPH population, i.e., 76.88 percent and 79.86 percent after both the initial and second sprays, accordingly. Pymetrozine was succeeded by sulfoxaflor 24% SC @ 175 ml a.i./ha, which recorded 75.10 percent and 74.49 percent reduction. Pymetrozine 50% WG, with 2.21 BPH/hill after first spray and BPH/hill after second spray, had the lowest overall mean population of BPH, followed by sulfoxaflor 24% SC, with 2.38 BPH/hill after first spray and 2.28 BPH/hill after second spray. All the treatments reported safer to the population of spiders and coccinellids among them pymetrozine 50% WG recorded higher mean population of spiders 2.44 and coccinellids 1.08 per hill in comparison with untreated plot.
The nymphs and adults of white-backed planthoppers (Sogatella furcifera, Howard) remove plant sap resulting in yield loss. Indiscriminate use of insecticides, results in the development of resistance by insects and ill effects on the environment opening the new era of chemicals with novel modes of action with good bioefficacy, higher selectivity, low mammalian toxicity and safety to the environment. Therefore, the introduction of newer insecticide molecules with alternate modes of action will play a serious role in pest management programs. Hence, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the bioefficacy of ethiprole + pymetrozine against white-backed planthopper of rice (ADT-46) under laboratory and field conditions at Annamalai University, Chidambaram during 2018-20. Ethiprole + pymetrozine @ (T1-36.91 + 138), (T2-40.13 + 150) and (T3-45.47 + 170) g a.i ha-1 with standard checks T4-pymetrozine @ (150) g a.i ha-1 , T5-buprofezin @ (200) g a.i ha-1 and T6-ethiprole + imidacloprid @ (50 + 50) g a.i ha-1 were evaluated against white-backed planthopper. The standard checks were of positive control i.e., reference insecticides which is in common use The results revealed that T3 recorded the lowest population of white-backed planthopper/ hill at 15 day after spraying (1.13 hoppers/hill in August-December 2018 and 1.79 hoppers/hill in August-December 2019 respectively) giving better yield. The population of natural enemies was comparatively lower in all insecticidal treatments than in the control.