Effect of new insecticide molecules on predators of rice ecosystem (original) (raw)
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Effects of Biological Insecticides on Predatory Spider's Population in Rice Field
The study was conducted to compare the effects of different biological insecticides: extracts of Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus globulus, and Spinosad on spider's population in a rice field at an agricultural farm in tehsil Daska of district Sialkot-51310, Pakistan. Spiders, as natural enemies play an important role in keeping pest population under control by not only feeding on pests but also limiting the availability of habitats open to pests by occupying various microhabitats in an agricultural ecosystem. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Biological insecticides including two botanical (extracts of Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus globulus) and one microbial (Spinosad) were applied to the rice crop. The spider's population was counted after one, three and seven days from insecticide application. After one day from insecticide application, the reduction in spider's population was 42.18%, 36.68% and 33.38% with Spinosad, A. indica (20% conc.) and E. globolus (20% conc.) respectively. The trend of reduction of spider's population decreased with time from one to seven days. Spider's population showed significantly higher resistance to botanical than microbial insecticide.
Safety Selected Insecticides to Predators and Egg Parasitoids of Planthoppers in Rice Ecosystem
The research safety selected insecticides to predators and egg parasitoids of planthoppers in rice ecosystem was carried out in the wet season of 2014 at Subang District. The several insecticides of mixture chlorantranilprole + thiamethoxam, pymetrozine, emamectin benzoate and deltamethrin were sprayed on rice plots at 20 and 35 days after transplanted (dat). Observation to planthoppers and predators by visual counting, while observation to egg parasitoids through parasitism by BPH eggs trap. The result showed that pimetrozine had reduced BPH population, followed by chlorantranilprole + thiamethoxam. In the other hand chlorantranilprole + thiamethoxam, pimetrozine and deltamethrin had reduced WBPH population. Insecticides of chlorantranilprole + thiamethoxam, pymetrozine, emamectin benzoate and deltamethrin highly safety against L. pseudoannulata, P. fuscipes, and Coccinella sp., but those insecticides moderately safety to O. nigrofasciata and spiders (without L. pseudoannulata). Insecticides of chlorantranilprole + thiamethoxam, emamectin benzoate and deltamethrin moderately safety against C. lividipennis, but pymetrozine moderately unsafety to this predator. Chlorantranilprole + thiamethoxam were moderately unsafety to parasitism of eggs parasitoids Anagrus sp., but was moderately safety to parasitism of eggs parasitoids Oligosita sp.. Pymetrozine and emamectin benzoate were moderately safety to Anagrus sp., but moderately unsafety to Oligosita sp.
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2018
An experiment was conducted during Kharif season in 2016 at the Central Research Farm, SHUATS, Naini, Allahabad to observe the three applications of seven insecticides viz Imidacloprid 17.8% SL, Trizophos 25% SP, Monocrotophos 36% SL, Thiamethoxam 25% WG, Acephate 75% SP, Carbaryl 50% SP, Malathion 50% EC on natural enemies of insect pests in rice field under agro-climatic condition of Allahabad. Results were revealed that all the treatments were effective significantly to suppress the population of Coccinellids as compared with control (1.36 Coccinellids/hill). The treatment Monocrotophos was recorded lowest population of Coccinellids with (0.54 Coccinellids/hill) and found to be superior among all other treatments. This was followed by Triazophos (0.65Coccinellids /hill), Carbaryl (0.76Coccinellids /hill), Thimethoxam (0.83Coccinellids/hill), Malathion (0.87Coccinellids /hill), Imidacloprid (0.91Coccinellids/hill), Acephate (1.07Coccinellids/hill) respectively.
Pymetrozine : An effective insecticide for management of planthoppers in rice
2019
Eight insecticidal treatments including pymetrozine 50% WG at 100, 125, and 150 g a.i./ha, imidacloprid 200 SL @ 25 g a.i./ha, dinotefuran 20 SG @ 30 g a.i/ha, sulfoxaflor 24 SC @175 g a.i/ha, flonicamid 50 WG @ 75 g a.i./ha and buprofezin 25 SC @ 200 g a.i/ha were field evaluated against brown panthopper and white-backed planthopper in rice along with untreated control at Central Research Farm, Department of Entomology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), Bhubaneswar during Kharif, 2015. It was revealed that pymetrozine 50% WG 150 g a.i./ha proved to be the superior insecticide against brown planthoppers and white backed planthoppers exhibiting maximum per cent reduction over control followed by pymetrozine 50% WG 125 g a.i./ha. The least effective insecticide was imidacloprid 200 SL @ 25 g a.i./ha.
Pymetrozine: A Pyridine Azomethine insecticide for management of rice brown planthopper in India
Field trail was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during, kharif 2015 to evaluate the bio- efficacy of eight new insecticide molecules against Brown planthopper, and their impact on natural enemies. The pooled data on planthoppers after two sprays revealed that pymetrozine 50 WG was the best insecticide in controlling planthopper population and recorded with 62.98 per cent reduction over control followed by dinotefuran 20 SG and sulfoxaflor 25 SC. The traditional neonicotinoid imidacloprid, acetamiprid and thiomethoxam was proved ineffective in reducing the planthopper population. Pymetrozine ranked first in safety to green miridbugs (1:0.76) and spiders (1:0.07) as per the pest defender ratios and significantly superior to all other treatments. The highest yield was recorded in the buprofezin 25 SC treated plot (5.4 t ha-1) and was on par with pymetrozine 50 WG (5.2 t ha-1).
Effect of different insecticides on Coccinellid and Spider in rice field in district Allahabad, U.P
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017
Rice is a seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia. The pooled data indicates that all insecticides were effective over control in reducing the population of coccinellids recorded at 3, 7 and 14 days after insecticidal applications. Chloropyrifos was found significantly superior (.65, .50, .77) followed by Cypermethrin (.78, .66, .85), Carboryl (.85, .69, .82), Cartaf (.85, .68, .86), Imidaclorpid (.87, .64, .83), Tiomethoxam (.90, .60, .80), Triazophos (.85, .90, .95) as compared to control (1.18, 1.31, 1.44) at 3, 7 and 14 days respectively. Percentage population reduction of coccinellids recorded at 3, 7 and 14 days after insecticidal applications. Chloropyrifos found significantly superior (41.31, 59.70, 43.18) followed by Thiomethoxam (30.25, 58.50, 50.33) as compared to other treatments Cartaf (28....
A field trail was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif 2015 to evaluate the efficacy of imidacloprid 17.8 SL, thiamethoxam 25 WG, acetamiprid 20 SP, sulfoxaflor 25 SC, dinotefuran 20 SG, pymetrozine 50 WG, buprofezin 25 SC, monocrotophos + dichlorvos 36 SL + 76 EC against brown planthopper in rice ecosystem. The data on planthoppers inferred that pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.5 g l -1 proved to be the most effective insecticide in reducing population by recording highest per cent population reduction (62.98%) over untreated control. The insecticide dinotefuran 20 SG @ 0.4 g l -1 (59.60 %) was on par with pymetrozine in suppressing the pest population and also these three chemicals recorded with the highest grain yields 5266 and 5228 kg ha -1 .
Spiders act as one of the most important defenders in paddy ecosystem and there are several families of those with different habits. The question on the effect of chemical application in comparison to the non chemical option on different spider families in the zone under study was attempted for getting answer. For that purpose, the field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2014 for studying spider abundance in chemical versus non-chemical treatments. Chemical based treatment consisted of the application of Phorate 10G at 10 days after transplanting (DAT), followed by spraying with Imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 45 DAT, and dusting of Methyl Parathion 2D at 80 DAT. Transplanting of rice following skip row technique, sowing of okra, cowpea, sesame & balsam on the surrounding bunds, retention of weeds on the bunds, single inoculative release of Trichogramma chilonis @ 1,00,000 at 35 DAT, and use of pheromone (Scirpophaga incertulus lure)-cum -light trap @ 10 traps ha -1 were integrated together in nonchemical based treatment. The results revealed that the population of wolf spiders and long jawed spiders were statistically higher during all the seven dates of observation in non-chemical based approach. Amongst Araneid spiders, non-chemical based approach recorded significantly higher population at 60, 75 and 90 DAT. On the basis of overall mean, the non-chemical treatment had significantly higher population of spiders belonging to most of the families except Thomisidae. The mean population of spiders across the families varied from 1.06 to 12.0 and 0.54 to 6.66 per double sweep per sub plot in non-chemical based and chemical based treatment, respectively. Thus, the study confirms the safety of the non-chemical based approach in maintaining significantly higher level of spider population.
Effect of newer chemicals on planthoppers and their mirid predator in rice
Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2009
A field trial was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Siruguppa for two consecutive kharif seasons of 2004 and 2005 to study the effect of buprofezin 25 SC at different concentrations against planthoppers (Brown planthopper and white backed planthopper) and their mirid predator, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter. The results clearly indicated that buprofezin 25 SC @ 1 ml/l recorded the lowest plant hopper population at 10 days after spray.
A field trail was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif 2015 to evaluate the efficacy of imidacloprid 17.8 SL, thiamethoxam 25 WG, acetamiprid 20 SP, sulfoxaflor 25 SC, dinotefuran 20 SG, pymetrozine 50 WG, buprofezin 25 SC, monocrotophos + dichlorvos 36 SL + 76 EC against brown planthopper in rice ecosystem. The data on planthoppers inferred that pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.5 g l-1 proved to be the most effective insecticide in reducing population by recording highest per cent population reduction (62.98%) over untreated control. The insecticide dinotefuran 20 SG @ 0.4 g l-1 (59.60 %) was on par with pymetrozine in suppressing the pest population and also these three chemicals recorded with the highest grain yields 5266 and 5228 kg ha-1.