An educational ontology based on metadata standards (original) (raw)

Educational Ontology Development

Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition

Ontology use in education environments can be explained in three groups: content access and/or retrieval, content creation, and personalization. Use of ontologies helps content creators to design, develop online courses; provide smart searches and content suggestions; and, design personalized learning environments for learners. But it is not always possible for educators to find the best ontology for their needs in their Learning Management System. Since the ontology creation is a complex process, it might not be always easy or even possible to create an ontology for a selected domain and use accordingly. In this paper, first, a review of state-of-the art literature regarding the ontologies in educational domain will be reviewed. Second, the challenges and difficulties in ontology development process for educational domain will be addressed and explained in detail. Finally, design suggestions to the difficulties expressed in the literature and further opportunities in ontology desig...

Case Study: Ontology for Metadata in e-Learning

International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, 2012

Learning objects are a fundamental concept in new educational paradigms based on e-learning. These resources are not only content but also include metadata descriptions organized into categories, often in the form of an application profile of the IEEE LOM standard. These metadata descriptions facilitate the design, search, exchange and reuse of educational contents reachable through learning object repositories. The aim of this paper is to present the case of the Organic.Edunet portal, where the semantic search capabilities implemented made necessary to design an OWL mapping for the IEEE LOM standard. We called this effort LOM2OWL. LOM2OWL is in fact an ontology aimed at improving the search, reuse and use of learning objects stored in the Organic.Edunet Web portal and repository.

A Learner Oriented Ontology of Metadata to Improve Effectiveness of Learning Management Systems

This paper presents an ontology for an e-Learning Management System (LMS), which arranges metadata, and defines the relationships of metadata, which are about learning objects; belong to academic courses and user profiles. This ontology has been incorporated as a critical part of the proposed architecture. By this ontology, effective retrieval of learning content, customizing LMS is expected. Metadata used in this paper are based on current metadata standards. This ontology specified in human and machine-readable formats. In implementing it, several APIs were defined to manage the ontology. They were introduced into a typical open sourced LMS. Proposed ontology maps user preferences with learning content to satisfy learner requirements. These learning objects are presented to the learner based on ontological relationships. Hence it increases the usability and customizes the LMS.

E-Learning Developing Using Ontological Engineering

2013

One of the most important prerequisites in base plan for long-term development of all countries is high education level in society what includes e-learning studies. The time is coming when global tasks could be solved only with communication and learning in world level. Ontological engineering have become an efficient methodology for knowledge representation and management in many domains and tasks. Ontology design, approaches and methodologies are very important issues for building ontologies for specific task. This paper presents the application of the ontological engineering methodology in e-Learning domain. There is the development of two web-based ontologies in the area of artificial intelligence technology. The first one is the “Artificial Intelligence in Education” ontology and the second is ‘Expert Systems” ontology. The developed ontologies were encoded in OWL-DL format using the Protégé-OWL editing environment. The ontological engineering methodology is widely used in many...

A framework for manual ontology engineering for management of learning material repository

International Journal of Computer …, 2010

India is a country of diversity in language, culture and socio-economic conditions. In order to make use the cutting edge computer aided education technology in this setting, efforts have to be made for proper management of the learning materials by addressing this diversity. In this paper, we present a framework for manual ontology engineering in education domain for managing learning materials of the curriculum related requirements of school students. We identify an effective way of structuring the knowledge about education domain in a layered architecture. The layered architecture allows us to clearly demarcate the roles of topics, concepts and actual words in a multilingual setting. With the help of the constructed ontology, we provide scheme for indexing educational materials into different layers of ontology for the management of learning materials. Domain specific and personalized search interfaces based on the created index structure have also been provided.

An ontological learning management system

Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 2016

The current learning systems typically lack the level of meta-cognitive awareness, self-directed learning, and time management skills. Most of the ontologically based learning management systems are in the proposed phase and those which are developed do not provide the necessary path guidance for proper learning. The systems available are not as adaptive from the viewpoint of the learner as required. Ontology engineering has become an important pillar for knowledge management and representation in recent years. The design, approach and implementation of ontology in elearning and m-learning systems have made them more effective. In this paper, we have proposed a system for the betterment of knowledge management and representation of associated data as compared to the previously available learning management systems. Here, we have presented the application and implementation of ontological engineering methodology in the Computer Science domain. For knowledge management, we have created a domain associated ontology which represents knowledge of a single domain. Subsequently, ontology has been created to manage a learner profile so that a learner may be aligned to a proper path of learning. The learner ontology will use the VARK learning model which classifies what kind of learning does the learner requires so that necessary resources could be provided.

Ontological Web Portal for Educational Ontologies

In spite of the fact that the field of applying ontological research in education is fairly young it is already quite broad and fuzzy. The set of technologies used and developed there have roots in a variety of diverse areas of information and pedagogical sciences. To facilitate the process of scientific and scholastic search the domain needs to be structured. This paper presents two main results: an ontological overview of the Ontologies for Education field and an initial report on the development of an ontology-driven web portal providing a single network place, where researchers, students, and practitioners can find information about available research projects and successful practices in this field.

Conceptual model of Ontology in Education Era

2014

The Ontology Problem is a fundamental challenge of the emerging Semantic Web. This problem is comprised of three key sub-problems that are higher level Ontology Problem, the domain ontology problem and the Ontology Integration Problem. Key issues are OWL (web based ontology) reasoning is limited and has performance issues, Multi-threaded access is unstable and some API’s are confusing. This paper derives current status of ontology in education domain also focusing on how to develop a conceptual and strategic model which helps us to develop an ontology in terms of Natural language parsing (NLP) , XML (extended markup language), OWL and RDF (resource descriptor framework).

Ontologies for Education and Learning Design

Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence

In the last years, the growing of the Internet have opened the door to new ways of learning and education methodologies. Furthermore, the appearance of different tools and applications has increased the need for interoperable as well as reusable learning contents, teaching resources and educational tools (Wiley, 2000). Driven by this new environment, several metadata specifications describing learning resources, such as IEEE LOM (LTCS, 2002) or Dublin Core (DCMI, 2004), and learning design processes (Rawlings et al., 2002) have appeared. In this context, the term learning design is used to describe the method that enables learners to achieve learning objectives after a set of activities are carried out using the resources of an environment. From the proposed specifications, the IMS (IMS, 2003) has emerged as the de facto standard that facilitates the representation of any learning design that can be based on a wide range of pedagogical techniques. The metadata specifications are use...

Considering the educational semantic web

Web-based Educational Systems (WBES) attempt to employ Semantic Web technologies in order to achieve: a) improved adaptation and flexibility for single and group users, and b) new methods and types of courseware compliant with the Semantic Web. In this paper, we consider the role of advanced networking in Education through the development of the Semantic Web. We provide a state-of-the-art literature review and present tools of e-learning in the Semantic Web. Furthermore, we explore what the Semantic Web can do for Adaptive WBES.