Genetic Risk Scores for Maternal Lipid Levels and Their Association with Preterm Birth (original) (raw)
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Maternal lipids at mid-pregnancy and the risk of preterm delivery
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 2012
Objective. This study examined associations between maternal lipid levels at midpregnancy and preterm delivery, medically indicated or spontaneous. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting. Women were recruited from 52 clinics in five Michigan, USA communities (1998-2004). Population. Pregnant women were enrolled at 15-27 weeks' gestation and followed to delivery (n=3019). Methods. A single blood sample was obtained at study enrollment. Blood lipids, i.e. total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDLc), low-density lipoprotein (LDLc) cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG), were measured on a sub-cohort (n=1309). Main outcome measures. There were 221 spontaneous, 100 medically indicated preterm deliveries and 988 term deliveries. Polytomous logistic regression models examined relationships among cholesterol levels (Low: <10 th percentile, Referent: 10 th-<70 th percentile, High: ≥70 th percentile), quartiles of TG (Referent: first quartile) and delivery outcome (Referent: term). Results. Odds of medically indicated preterm delivery were increased among women with low TC (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12, 3.72), low HDLc (aOR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.04, 3.42) or low LDLc (aOR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.09, 3.54). Odds of spontaneous preterm delivery were increased among women with high TC (aOR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.06, 2.15), high LDLc (aOR=1.42, 95%CI: 0.99, 2.04) or high TG (aOR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.21, 2.97 and aOR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.06, 2.78 for third and fourth quartiles, respectively). Conclusions. Extremely low TC, HDLc, and LDLc were associated with a modest increase in risk of medically indicated preterm delivery, whereas high TC, LDLc and TG modestly increased the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. Further research is needed to uncover explanations for these associations and to identify optimal ranges for maternal lipids.
Children
Background: Maternal cardiovascular risk and its implications can have significant repercussions for both the mother and the child. This study compares the lipid profiles of two distinct groups of pregnant women, those with and without cardiovascular risk, to shed light on its effects on maternal and outcomes for newborns. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 86 pregnant women, dividing them into two groups: Group 1 (n = 46, healthy pregnancies) and Group 2 (n = 40, pregnancies with cardiovascular risk factors). The data collected included maternal demographics, smoking history, pre-existing pathologies, and a range of laboratory measures. Neonatal outcomes were also recorded. Results: Group 2 showed a significant increase in the percentage of newborns with abnormal APGAR scores (p-value < 0.0001), congenital abnormalities (p-value < 0.0001), severe prematurity (p-value < 0.0001), and neonatal mortality rates (p-value < 0.0001), as well as differences in birth weig...
Journal of Lipid Research, 2005
To explore whether the placenta contributes to the lipoprotein metabolism of pregnant women, we took advantage of the fact that placental proteins are encoded from the fetal genome and examined the associations between lipids of 525 pregnant women and the presence, in their newborns, of genetic polymorphisms of LPL and apolipoprotein E (APOE), two genes expressed in placenta. After adjustment for maternal polymorphisms, newborn LPL*S447X was associated with lower triglycerides (؊ 21 ؎ 9 mg/dl), lower LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C; ؊ 12 ؎ 5 mg/dl), lower apoB (؊ 14 ؎ 4 mg/dl), higher HDL-C (5 ؎ 2 mg/dl), and higher apoA-I (9 ؎ 4 mg/dl) in their mothers; newborn LPL*N291S was associated with higher maternal triglycerides (114 ؎ 31 mg/dl); and newborn APOE*E2 (compared to E3E3) was associated with higher maternal LDL-C (14 ؎ 6 mg/dl) and higher maternal apoB (14 ؎ 5 mg/dl). These associations (all P Ͻ 0.05) were independent of polymorphisms carried by the mothers and of lipid concentrations in newborns and were similar in amplitude to the associations between maternal polymorphisms and maternal lipids. Such findings support the active role of placental LPL and APOE in the metabolism of maternal lipoproteins and suggest that fetal genes may modulate the risk for problems related to maternal dyslipidemia (preeclampsia, pancreatitis, and future cardiovascular disease).-Descamps, O. S., M. Bruniaux, P-F. Guilmot, R. Tonglet, and F. R. Heller. Lipoprotein metabolism of pregnant women is associated with both their genetic polymorphisms and those of their newborn children.
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Background Maternal lipid levels in early pregnancy are associated with maternal health and foetal growth. It is however unclear if maternal lipids in early pregnancy can be used to predict childhood lipid levels. The aim of this study is to assess the association between maternal and offspring childhood lipid levels, and to investigate the influence of maternal BMI and diet on these associations. Methods This study included 2692 women participating in the Generation R study, an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study from early life onwards. Women with an expected delivery date between 2002 and 2006 living in Rotterdam, the Netherlands were included. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were measured in early pregnancy (median 13.2 weeks [90% range 10.6; 17.1]). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), remnant cholesterol and non-HDL-c were calculated. Corresponding lipid measurements were determined in 2692 children at the...
The relationship between lipid profiles in pregnancy and preterm delivery: a systematic review
Biomedical Research and Therapy
Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) are associated with maternal hormonal changes which can lead to pregnancy complications. High lipid levels during pregnancy may be accompanied by an increased risk of spontaneous preterm labor. The purpose of this review was to determine the relationship between lipid profiles in pregnancy and preterm delivery. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases to find cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies on the associations between lipid profiles in pregnancy and preterm delivery. The search results were limited to papers published during 2000-2018. The quality of the selected studies was assessed based on the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. Finally, a total of 25 eligible high-quality papers were reviewed. Results: A high maternal...
Relation between maternal lipid profile and pregnancy complications and perinatal outcomes
Al-Azhar International Medical Journal, 2021
Background: Pregnant experiences physiological changes in maternal lipid metabolism to support fetal growth and development. In some cases a maladaptation occurs and exceeds the physiological range and dyslipidemia is recognized, some pregnancies pacing without associated pregnancy alterations and in pregnancies pacing with pathologies. Aim of the study: determine the relationship between maternal lipid profile and pregnancy and perinatal complications. Besides, determine the cut-of value of each lipid profile components for predicting maternal compilations. Patient and Methods: 164 pregnant who attended the Obstetrics and Gynecology department in Suez Canal Authority Hospital in Ismailia city, throughout the period May 2018-October 2019. Pregnant were assessed clinically, obstetrically, and tested for lipid profile during 2nd and 3rd Trimester, for detecting any maternal or neonatal complications. Results: 28 pregnant developed maternal complications [GΗTN (3.66%), Preeclampsia (2.44%), GDM (3.05%), IΗCP (1.83%), РTL (4.27%), PTB (3.05%) and ROM (4.78 %)]. Lipid profile in complicated cases during 2nd/3rd trimester for TC, TG, LDL, and ΗDL were 189.3 ± 4.8/243.2 ± 4.8 mg/dl, 271.0 ± 8.4/251.2 ± 8. 4 mg/dl, 110. 8 ± 5.6/114.2 ± 5.6 mg/dl) and 60.4 ± 1.8/61.2 ± 1.9 mg/dl). We observed every mg/dl elevation in maternal 3rd-trimester TG concentration was associated with an increased risk of GDM, GΗTN, preeclampsia, and IΗCP. Every mg/dl increase in 3rd-trimester TG concentration was associated with an increased risk for SGΑ, LGΑ, and macrosomia. Conclusion: maternal dyslipidemia is a risk factor and associated with the development and occurrence of maternal complications during pregnancy and affects neonatal outcomes.
BMC Medicine, 2020
Background Lipids such as cholesterol and triglycerides play an important role in both maternal and foetal energy metabolism. Little is known about maternal lipid levels in pregnancy and their effect on foetal growth. The aim of this study was to assess maternal lipid levels, foetal growth and the risk of small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA). Methods We included 5702 women from the Generation R Study, a prospective population-based cohort. Maternal lipid levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c]) were measured in early pregnancy (median 13.4 weeks, 90% range [10.5 to 17.2]). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), remnant cholesterol and non-HDL-c were calculated. Foetal growth was measured repeatedly by ultrasound. Information on birth anthropometrics was retrieved from medical records. A birth weight below the 10th percentile was defined as SGA and above the 90th percentile as LGA. Results Maternal...
Cureus, 2017
gestational diabetes mellitus, and the other six {3%} had preterm deliveries. Conclusion An association between maternal early pregnancy triglyceridaemia and the subsequent risk of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm deliveries was observed. The occurrence of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm deliveries cannot be predicted based on the values of serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). Hence, estimation of lipid profile is strongly recommended during pregnancy to prevent the deleterious effect of hyperlipidaemia associated with pregnancy.
Influence of Maternal Obesity and Gestational Weight Gain on Maternal and Foetal Lipid Profile
Nutrients, 2016
Fatty acids (FAs) are fundamental for a foetus's growth, serving as an energy source, structural constituents of cellular membranes and precursors of bioactive molecules, as well as being essential for cell signalling. Long-chain polyunsaturated FAs (LC-PUFAs) are pivotal in brain and visual development. It is of interest to investigate whether and how specific pregnancy conditions, which alter fatty acid metabolism (excessive pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG)), affect lipid supply to the foetus. For this purpose, we evaluated the erythrocyte FAs of mothers and offspring (cord-blood) at birth, in relation to pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG. A total of 435 mothers and their offspring (237 males, 51%) were included in the study. Distribution of linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and their metabolites, arachidonic acid, dihomogamma linoleic (DGLA) and ecosapentanoic acid, was significantly different in maternal and foetal erythrocytes. Pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly associated with maternal percentage of MUFAs (Coeff:´0.112; p = 0.021), LA (Coeff:´0.033; p = 0.044) and DHA (Coeff. = 0.055; p = 0.0016); inadequate GWG with DPA (Coeff: 0.637; p = 0.001); excessive GWG with docosaexahenoic acid (DHA) (Coeff. =´0.714; p = 0.004). Moreover, pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with foetus percentage of PUFAs (Coeff: 0.172; p = 0.009), omega 6 (Coeff:´0.098; p = 0.015) and DHA (Coeff:´0.0285; p = 0.036), even after adjusting for maternal lipids. Our findings show that maternal GWG affects maternal but not foetal lipid profile, differently from pre-pregnancy BMI, which influences both.