Influence of Colors to the Memorization Skill of the Senior High School Students (original) (raw)
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Effect of Colour, Assessment Method and Retention Interval on Memory of Undergraduate Students.
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of colour, assessment method and retention interval on memory of undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan. The research was conducted because very few studies, if at all any, has researched the interaction of colour, assessment method, and retention interval on memory. Participants in the study are 72 undergraduates selected from the University of Ibadan. Of the 72 participants, 69 data were obtained indicating a 95.8% response rate. A 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design was used in the experiment, with colour as a between-subjects factor, assessment as a between subject factor, retention interval as a between-subjects factor, and recall/recognition score as dependent variable. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three different study conditions; red text colour, black text colour, and blue text colour. Assessment method is manipulated as either recall or recognition. T-test analysis shows that there was no significant difference in memory when the participants are compared along the levels of gender, level of study, faculty, and age. Also from the study, it was reported that assessment method (beta = .676, p<.01) and retention interval (beta= -.266, p<.01) were independently influencing memory of Undergraduate students. Another indication from the study is that there was a significant increase in memory retention (142%) when assessment was done through recognition (M = 7.352, SD = 2.729) compared to when assessment was done through recall (M = 3.029, SD = 2.065). lastly, the study showed that retention interval plays a major role in the determination of what (67) = 2.170, P<.05. From the results study, it can be concluded that colour whether blue or red has no significant effect on memory, but assessment method and retention interact does. Also, recommendations were made to help utilize the variables in a better way. Key words: Colour, Assessment method, Retention interval, Memory, Recall, Recognize.
COLOUR IN LEARNING: IT'S EFFECT ON THE RETENTION RATE OF GRADUATE STUDENTS
Cognitive psychologists have discovered different design principles to enhance memory performance. It has been said that retrieving process depends on many variables and one of them is colour. This paper provides an overview of research on colour and learning. It includes the effect of colour on attention, retention and memory performance, and relates these to the design of instructional materials. The study reported the effect colour had on the retention rate of graduate students of the Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye. Thirty graduate students participated in this study. The purpose of this research study was to determine if colour (in prints form) influence the learning process. The independent variable was colour at two levels: Congruent colours (colours corresponding to the words) and Incongruent colours (colours not related to the words), while for the control, Achromatic colours (black and shades of grey) were used. The dependent variable was the retention rate i.e. number of words recalled. The research design was a posttest only design. A one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data and the results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in the number of words recalled based on colour. The groups exposed to congruent colours and achromatic colours performed better than those exposed to incongruent colours, although the group exposed to the congruent colour prints performed better than those of the other groups. Therefore designers of instructional materials need to use colour wisely by paying attention to the effect of colour on learning.
The Effect of Color, Stimuli Type and Learning Styles on Recall Performance
2017
This study aimed to investigate the effect of colors (red and blue), stimuli types (verbal and visual) and learning styles (verbal learning style and visual learning style) on the process of recall. Earlier studies have concluded that visual stimuli have higher rates of recall compared to verbal stimuli and that compared to cool colors (e.g., blue), warm colors (e.g., red) lead to better recall performance. However, the question of whether learning styles have an impact on recall performance is left unanswered. In line with earlier studies, we hypothesized that visual and red-colored stimuli will have a higher recall rate. Different from earlier studies, we predicted an interaction between learning styles and stimuli types. In order to assess the rate of recall for distinct stimuli, the participants (N=40) were presented with the four stimuli presentations. The participants filled out the Turkish translation of the Verbalizer-Visualizer Questionnaire (Kirby et al., 1988), so their preference for each learning style was determined. The results of this experiment indicated that stimuli type have a significant impact on the process of recall, yet there was no effect of learning styles and the colors of the stimuli on retention scores. Further research needs to be conducted to better understand the role of learning styles on the recall process.
Influence of colour in short-term memory performance of young children
The Pharma Innovation, 2023
Perception, attention, memory, and thinking are all interconnected mental processes in human cognition. Children perceive by using their senses to gather and understand information and respond to the world around them by cognitive effort. Colour plays a crucial role in visual perception. Identifying the effective colour that can reduce the cognitive burden will help us design a product that can enhance young children's learning. Many researchers have suggested that colour can influence learning. Based on that, this paper aimed to find the effective colour that can increase the short-term memory performance of young children. Visual digit span test was used to assess children's memory with different colour backgrounds such as red, blue, green, yellow, orange and purple and also in the white background. Performances were assessed for each colour relative to the white baseline. For the study, 238 children of 6-7 years were selected from different schools and were divided into 6 study groups and one control group, each containing 34 children. The results revealed that the study groups showed a significant increase in short-term memory compared to the control group. The findings of the present study will facilitate the designers to consider the use of colour in instructional materials.
Abstract This study intends to describe a cause effect relationship between independent variables, words printed in cool color and words printed in warm color on the dependent variable, word retention. This study was conducted at second graders of MIPA at SMA Negeri 1 Tomohon in the academic year 2015/2016 and the sample were 60 students randomly chosen from 179 students in all of 5 parallel classes to represent the population that using random sampling technique. The second grade of MIPA department consisted of 5 parallel classes with 179 students in all and 36 per class on the average. It is a quantitative research, the data are in form of test scores, and analyzed using the statistical technique (t-test), the results of statistical testing or analysis confirm that both the hypotheses dealing immediate is rejected which means that the alternative hypothesis is accepted, because at p (or α) =.05 and df = 62, the t (observed) is larger than the t (critical) or 3.023 ≥ 2.000. Similarly, the null hypothesis dealing with delayed retention was also rejected, because at p (or α) =.05 and df = 62, the t (observed) is larger than the t (critical) or 4.062 ≥ 2.000. In both immediate and delayed retentions, the subjects in cool color group outperformed those in warm color group. Based on this result, it can be concluded that words printed in cool color with white background more significantly affect students' immediate retention than words printed in warm color with the same color background also similarly with immediate retention, it can be concluded that words printed in cool color with white background more significantly affect students' delayed retention than words printed in warm color with the same color background. Based on the conclusion, it is suggested for English teachers to make maximal use of colors to help their students memorize new words in English. In addition, the information provided by this study is also important for textbook writers and teaching aid providers. Therefore, it is necessary that they make their textbooks and teaching aids colorful in order the students are interested in reading their textbooks and looking at the teaching aids used.
Effect of White and Yellow Background Colour on Short Term Memory: A Cross-over Study
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2021
Introduction: Colour has a potential influence on learning by improving Short Term Memory (STM) in different settings. Background colours of study materials can have an impact on STM in healthy student population. Enhanced memory can improve academic performance in students. In this study background colour between chromatic/yellow and achromatic/ white colours were compared. Aim: To compare the effect of white background black text with yellow (preferential colour chosen via voting by students) background black text of study materials on STM. Materials and Methods: A cross-over study design was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of southern India with an interval of two weeks in October 2018. Two groups of 27 students each were assessed for visual STM using word list recall in a cross-over design study with an interval of two weeks duration. Data was collected as number of words and correct number of words recalled, from the word list. The obtained data was then put to statistical analysis using statistical software IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Results: Out of total sample of 54 students, 13 were males and 41 were females. The males and females were comparable with age with p-value of 0.25 which was not statistically significant. The analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the number of words and number of correct words recalled between white and yellow colour backgrounds in both the sessions. There was an overall improvement in the recall of words in both test materials from first session to second session. Conclusion: Chromatic/yellow background colour was no better than the standard achromatic/white background colour. Improvement in the number of words recalled from first session to second session with both colours appeared to be due to carry over effects.
The influence of colour on memory performance: a review
The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 2013
Human cognition involves many mental processes that are highly interrelated, such as perception, attention, memory, and thinking. An important and core cognitive process is memory, which is commonly associated with the storing and remembering of environmental information. An interesting issue in memory research is on ways to enhance memory performance, and thus, remembering of information. Can colour result in improved memory abilities? The present paper highlights the relationship between colours, attention, and memory performance. The significance of colour in different settings is presented first, followed by a description on the nature of human memory. The role of attention and emotional arousal on memory performance is discussed next. The review of several studies on colours and memory are meant to explain some empirical works done in the area and related issues that arise from such studies.
The Effects of Warm Colour on Memorization of Arabic Words
Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special Needs
This study was conducted to examine whether warm colour had effects on memorization of Arabic words. Participants involved were 90 students from a private religious secondary school in Perak. They were each given a set of paper consisting of one Surah; with six words been highlighted with warm colour (red and yellow), cool colour (green and blue) or white colour background. The paper also contained the meaning of each word in Arabic, which were extracted from exegesis book Tafsir al-Jalalain. The participants were given fifteen minutes to memorize the list of words and their meaning in Arabic language. The percentage of words recalled correctly were the dependent variable. It was hypothesized that participants who received warm-coloured set could recall more Arabic words than participants who received either the cool-coloured set or the white set. A paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon test were conducted and the results indicated that there was not a statistically significant differen...
Psychological and Pedagogical Basis of Teaching Colors to Primary Class Students
CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HISTORY, 2022
This article presents the recommendations of scientific research on the psychological uniqueness, curiosity and desire to learn new things of school children of primary school age that distinguish them from children of other ages. The article also contains the scientific proposal and practical recommendations formulated by the author on this issue.
Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education
This paper aims to highlight the significance of color that captivates human attention in learning English collocations in an educational setting. In order to expedite the impact of color on memory, an empirical research was conducted, in which 30 South Asian ESL students of a local university in China were selected as participants, equally divided into the experimental and the control groups. All the participants were taught literal and context-based meanings of 30 English collocations for three consecutive days. A pre-test and a post-test were administered to assess the impact of color on the students’ working memory in learning English collocations. Prior to assessing the impact of color on memory, the participants in the experimental group were exposed to the underlined collocations as written on colorful papers (yellow), while same collocations were imprinted on simple white color papers for the controlled group. A t-test was administered for the statistical analysis of the dat...