Factorial design analysis for biosorption of Reactive Red-84 dye using fermentation spent waste biomass, biosorbent regeneration and desorbed dye photodegradation using TiO2 nanoparticles (original) (raw)
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Central European Journal of Chemistry, 2013
The biosorption Brilliant Red HE-3B reactive dye by nonliving biomass, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in batch procedure was investigated. Equilibrium experimental data were analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin — Radushkevich isotherm models and obtained capacity about 104.167 mg g−1 at 20°C. The batch biosorption process followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The multi-linearity of the Weber-Morris plot suggests the presence of two main steps influencing the biosorption process: the intraparticle diffusion (pore diffusion), and the external mass transfer (film diffusion). The results obtained in batch experiments revealed that the biosorption of reactive dye by biomass is an endothermic physical-chemical process occurring mainly by electrostatic interaction between the positive charged surface of the biomass and the anionic dye molecules. The biosorption mechanism was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and microscopy analysis
Materials
Using various techniques, natural polymers can be successfully used as a matrix to immobilize a residual microbial biomass in a form that is easy to handle, namely biosorbents, and which is capable of retaining chemical species from polluted aqueous media. The biosorption process of reactive Brilliant Red HE-3B dye on a new type of biosorbent, based on a residual microbial biomass of Saccharomyces pastorianus immobilized in sodium alginate, was studied using mathematical modeling of experimental data obtained under certain conditions. Different methods, such as computer-assisted statistical analysis, were applied, considering all independent and dependent variables involved in the reactive dye biosorption process. The optimal values achieved were compared, and the experimental data supported the possibility of using the immobilized residual biomass as a biosorbent for the studied reference dye. The results were sufficient to perform dye removals higher than 70–85% in an aqueous solu...
Statistical Optimization of Process Parameters for Dye Biosorption onto Biomass
In the present study, sorption of reactive azo dye, Blue H_3 R from aqueous solution on an efficient, economically biomass (sewage sludge) was investigate. Batch experiments have been carried out to find the effect of various parameters such as initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH , and temperature on the sorption of dye using biomass. A total of 30 sorption experimental runs were carried out employing the detailed conditions designed by response surface methodology based on the Box-Wilson design is used to optimize the bisorption of dye using Central Composite Design (CCD) model. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) depicted that the quadratic model was suitable for all the responses. The CCD model was designed for parameters using Design Expert software (Version 9.0). The optimum conditions for the sorption of dye were found to be as follows: Initial dye concentration 70 mg/l, biomass concentration 17.5 g/l, pH 3, and temperature 35℃. At these optimized conditions the maximum dye removal efficiency was found to be 91%. A coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.8919 shows the fitness of RSM in this work.
Biosorption of reactive dye using acid-treated rice husk: Factorial design analysis
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007
A factorial experimental design technique was used to investigate the biosorption of reactive red RGB (λ max = 521 nm) from water solution on rice husk treated with nitric acid. Biosorption is favored because of abundance of biomass, low cost, reduced sludge compared to conventional treatment techniques and better decontamination efficiency from highly diluted solutions. Factorial design of experiments is employed to study the effect of four factors pH (2 and 7), temperature (20 and 40), adsorbent dosage (5 and 50 mg/L) and initial concentration of the dye (50 and 250 mg/L) at two levels low and high. The efficiency of color removal was determined after 60 min of treatment. Main effects and interaction effects of the four factors were analyzed using statistical techniques. A regression model was suggested and it was found to fit the experimental data very well. The results were analyzed statistically using the Student's t-test, analysis of variance, F-test and lack of fit to define most important process variables affecting the percentage dye removal. The most significant variable was thus found to be pH.
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2020
In the present research, adsorptive separation of Reactive Red-3 (RR3) from aqueous solution has been studied using surface tailored fungal biomass (Trichoderma harzianum). SEM with EDAX, XRD, FTIR and TG-DTA of the adsorbent had been discussed to verify the quality and efficiency of the adsorbent. The dye solution pH of 4, biosorbent dosage (0.5 g/L), contact time (150 min) and incubation temperature (40°C) for an initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L were predicted as an optimum condition for the highest removal of dye from aqueous solution. Among various kinetic models analysed, pseudo-second order model explains well the adsorptive cycle with a comprehensive relationship between experimental and measured biosorption capacity. Removal data was also analysed by using Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. The process of biosorption was well described by Freundlich isotherm because of the higher correlation coefficient. The results of the models have been used to determine the ideal mechanism of the biosorption process. Langmuir sorption capacity was estimated as 172.63 mg/g at an optimum condition. Thermodynamic studies were also analysed to evaluate the parameters such as change in enthalpy (28.982 kJ/ mol), change in Gibbs free energy and change in entropy (116.56 J/ mol K), which indicates that the biosorption process was spontaneous at all temperatures and endothermic in nature. The prepared material can be an alternative to the existing biosorbents.
Biosorption of reactive dyes from aqueous media using the Bacillus sp. residual biomass
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
The goal of this work is to make use of residual biomass that, although it results in large quantities from biotechnological processes, is not reported to be valorized in dye adsorption processes, except in a few applications. The biosorption potential of Bacillus sp. residual biomass in a textile dye removal (i.e. reactive Brilliant Red HE-3B dye) from aqueous media was studied. The waste biomass, resulting from a process of removing fatty acids from wastewater, was immobilized in the sodium alginate and used for biosorption of the dye from aqueous solution using the batch system. Experimental data were analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir (I and II), and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models. Equilibrium data were best fitted by Langmuir I isotherm with a biosorption capacity of about 588.235 mg/g at 20°C. Also, the results confirm that the biosorption process is carried out with much better results for the smaller biosorbent granules (Φ1 = 0.5 mm). The obtained results in the batch system revealed that the reactive dye biosorption process using immobilized residual biomass is a physical-chemical process corresponding to good results at room temperature (20°C-25°C). Thus, this residual biomass is a promising adsorptive material for the biosorption of reactive dyes from aqueous media.
Response Surface Methodology was employed for studying the biosorption of reactive dyes from textile effluent by utilization of dead biomass of Rhizopus arrhizus in a batch system. Central Composite Design at the specified combinations of four variables (pH, biosorbent dosage, speed of agitation, contact time) was adopted to achieve maximum biosorption. The fitted quadratic model (P<0.0001) was used to arrive at the best operating conditions. Under the following optimum conditions i.e., pH 2.0; biosorbent dosage 3 g /L; speed of agitation 80 rpm and contact time 60 min, 99.60% of the dyes were removed from the wastewater. The mechanism of biosorption was elucidated by FTIR, XRD and BET analysis. This work demonstrated the feasibility of employing Rhizopus arrhizus as an effective and economical fungal biosorbent for the removal of dyes from the textile effluent.
An assessment and characterization for biosorption efficiency of natural dye waste
The local natural dyeing house run by a women's self-help group was generating a huge amount of dye extracted pulp. We thought of using this pulp for an alternative use other than just composting it. This biomaterial was found to be excellent heavy metal adsorbents and was demonstrated to be very effective in remediation of groundwater and surface water of chrome metals in contaminated sites of tannery operations. In this article, sorption efficacy studies were carried out on selected biomaterials known for their potential usage as natural dyes. Canna indica flower, Portulaca olecera flower and stem, Hibiscus rosa sinensis flower and Trapa natans fruit skin (exocarp) were used for sorption studies. These plant parts, after the extraction of natural dye, were dried and evaluated for biosorption of heavy metal from effluent. Batch tests indicated that hexavalent chromium sorption capacity (q e ) followed the sequence q e (Trapa) >q e (Hibiscus) >q e (Portulaca) >q e (Canna). Due to high sorptive capacity, Trapa fruit skin (exocarp) was selected. The optimization studies were carried out by taking the Trapa exocarp in powdered form, and of particular mesh size. Sorption kinetic data have shown first order reversible kinetic model for all the sorbents, however the biosorption of chromium by T. natans biomass occurred in two stages. In the first stage, 95% sorption was reported for Chromium (VI) in 15 min followed by a slower second stage. It reached equilibrium in 1 h at which 90e98% of the Chromium (VI) was biosorbed by T. natans. Experimentally reported equilibrium data fitted well with both the Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms. The FT-IR, XRD and XPS analysis showed that the main mechanism of Chromium (VI) biosorption onto Trapa dried powder was through the binding of Chromium ions with amide group of the biomass.