Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin C against Monosodium Glutamate Induced Toxicity on Testes and Cauda Epididymal Sperm Reserves in Adult Male Albino Rats (original) (raw)
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Alexandria Journal of Medicine
Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been recognized as flavor enhancer that adversely affects male reproductive systems. Objective: The study was conducted to explore the conceivable protective effects of vitamin C and/or vitamin E on testicular toxicity induced by MSG in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided (six per group) into: control, MSG, MSG + Vitamin C, MSG + Vitamin E and MSG + Vitamin C + Vitamin E groups. The duration of the study was three weeks. Assessment of serum testosterone, leuteinizing hormone (LH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), interleukin-10 (IL-10) ,and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were done. Histopathological examination of the testes of the rats was performed using histological, histochemical (Periodic Acid Schiff reaction (PAS)), and immunohistochemical (Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), androgen receptors (ARs), Caspase-3) techniques. Results: MSG-group was associated with significant decrease in serum testosterone, LH, GPX, and IL-10 (P < 0.05) and significant increase in serum MDA and TNF-α (P < 0.05) when compared with control group. MSG-group revealed many histopathological changes in the testis including degeneration of the germinal epithelium, absence of sperms in the lumina of tubules, widened vacuolated interstitium, marked deposition of the collagen fibers, very strong PAS reaction and marked immunohistochemical changes. Administration of vitamin C or vitamin E significantly reduced these changes; however, the combination of vitamin C and vitamin E provided more potent protection against the toxic effect of MSG than using each vitamin alone. Also, there was insignificant difference (P > 0.05) between MSG +Vitamin C and MSG +Vitamin E groups. Conclusion: Vitamin C and Vitamin E act synergistically in reducing MSG-induced testicular toxicity via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of both vitamins.
Our study aimed to investigate the combinatorial effect of vitamin C and E on oxidative stress, the number of folicles, and hormonal level in female rats orally exposed to monosodium glutamate (MSG). Materials and Methods:Female, twelve weeks old Wistar rats ingested with of MSG at dose 140 mg/200 gram body weight (bw) with or without combination of vitamin C and E. Twenty five rats were divided into five group (n = 5 each), control group, MSG-treatment group, MSG-treatment + 0.2 mg/g bw vitamin C + 0.04 IU/g bw vitamin E (MSG + CE1), MSG-treatment + 0.4 mg/g bw vitamin C + 0.04 IU/g bw vitamin E (MSG + CE2), and MSG-treatment + 0.6 mg/g bw vitamin C + 0.04 IU/g bw vitamin E (MSG + CE1). Analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) level was done colorimetrically. Analysis of the number of ovarian follicles was done histopathologically with hematoxylin eosin staining. Analysis of 17β-estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were done by ELISA technique. Results: There were significantly (P < 0.05) increased ovarium MDA levels and atresia follicle number in groups exposed to MSG compared to non-exposure group. The level of FSH, 17β-estradiol, the number of primary, secondary, de Graaf follicles were significantly lower in MSG-treatment group compared to control group (P < 0.05). The administration of combined vitamin C and E (second and third dose) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the MDA levels and the number of atresia follicle compared to the MSG-exposed groups, to reach level in control group (P > 0.05). MSG + CE2 and MSG + CE3 significantly increased FSH level, number of primary follicles, compared to MSG-treatment group (P < 0.05), to reach similar level in control group (P > 0.05). All dose of combined vitamin C and E significantly increased 17β-estradiol level and the number of secondary and de Graaf follicles compared to MSG-treatment group (P < 0.05), to reach significantly higher level compared to control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present data suggest that combination of vitamin C and E as in this study inhibited ovarium toxicity caused by MSG treatment.
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 2015
This study investigated the effects of administration of monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) on serum gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinising hormone (LH), testosterone and total cholesterol (TC), cauda epididymal sperm reserves (CESR) and testicular histomorphology of adult male albino rats. Eighty-four rats, randomly assigned to 7 groups of 12 rats each, were used for the study. Varying low doses (0.25, 0.50 or 1.00 g/kg body weight) of MSG were administered orally or subcutaneously at 48-h intervals for six weeks. Serum GnRH, LH, testosterone and TC, and CESR were evaluated on days 14, 28 and 42 of MSG administration. Testicular histomorphology was evaluated on day 42. The results showed that the mean serum GnRH, LH and testosterone levels, and the CESR of all the treated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the untreated control on days 14, 28 and 42 of MSG administration. The mean serum TC levels of all the treated groups were also significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the control group on days 14 and 28. No lesions were observed on sections of the testes. It was concluded that MSG administration for 14, 28 and 42 days led to significantly lower serum levels of GnRH, LH, testosterone and TC, and significantly lower CESR.
Malathion-induced testicular toxicity in male rats and the protective effect of vitamins C and E
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2009
Sexually mature male Wistar rats (weighing 300-320 g and each group 6 animals) were given malathion (27 mg/kg; 1/50 of the LD 50 for an oral dose) and/or vitamin C (200 mg/kg) + vitamin E (200 mg/kg) daily via gavage for 4 weeks. The sperm counts, sperm motility, sperm morphology, FSH, LH, and testosterone levels, and histopathological changes in the testes of these rats, were investigated at the end of the 4th week. By the end of 4th week, rats given malathion alone, or in combination with vitamins C and E, had significantly lower sperm counts and sperm motility, and significantly higher abnormal sperm numbers, than the untreated control rats. The rats given malathion alone or in combination with vitamins also had significantly lower plasma FSH, LH and testosterone levels than the control rats. Co-treatment of malathion-exposed rats with vitamins E and C had a protective effect on sperm counts, sperm motility and abnormal sperm numbers, but not on plasma FSH, LH and testosterone levels. Light microscopic investigations revealed that 4 weeks of malathion exposure was associated with necrosis and edema in the seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues. Degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules were also observed in the rats which received malathion and supplemented with vitamins C and E, but milder histopathological changes were observed in the interstitial tissues. Thus, it appears that vitamins C and E ameliorate malathion testicular toxicity but are not completely protective.
Andrologia, 2018
The existing investigation was directed to consider the protective role of vitamin C and E alone and in combination on sodium metabisulphite-induced damage on testicular. Experimental animals were received sodium metabisulphite (520 mg/kg) alone and in combination with vitamin E (100 mg/kg), vitamin C (100 mg/kg) and vitamin E + C, while the control groups received 0.9% saline solution and olive oil (the solvent of the vitamin E). Finally, the changes in the testis histology were examined stereologically. Lipid peroxidation was assessed through the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in testis tissues. Also, serum testosterone concentrations were measured. The results indicated that 80%-90% (spermatogonia A and B, spermatocyte and Leydig) and 40% of the Sertoli cells were missed in the rats that received sodium metabisulphite, respectively, compared with the controls. The co-supplementation of vitamin E with vitamin C significantly decreased MDA (p = 0.006) and increased testosterone (p = 0.001) concentrations in the rats received SMB which were as much as control and olive groups. Co-supplementation of vitamin E and vitamin C due to their synergistic effects could be an appropriate strategy in preventing testicular from sodium metabisulphite-induced damage.
The sensitivity of male rat reproductive organs to monosodium glutamate
Acta Medica Academica, 2014
Objective. is study aimed to investigate the sensitivity of the testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and sperm acrosome reaction (AR) to monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) in rats. Materials and methods. Rats were divided into four groups and fed with non-acidic MSG at 0.25, 3 or 6 g/kg body weight for 30 days or without MSG. e morphological changes in the reproductive organs were studied. e plasma testosterone level, epididymal sperm concentration, and sperm AR status were assayed. Results. Compared to the control, no signi cant changes were discerned in the morphology and weight of the testes, or the histological structures of epididymis, vas deferens and seminal vesicle. In contrast, signi cant decreases were detected in the weight of the epididymis, testosterone levels, and sperm concentration of rats treated with 6 g/kg body weight of MSG. e weight loss was evident in the seminal vesicle in MSG-administered rats. Moreover, rats treated with MSG 3 and 6 g/kg exhibited partial testicular damage, characterized by sloughing of spermatogenic cells into the seminiferous tubular lumen, and their plasma testosterone levels were signicantly decreased. In the 6 g/kg MSG group, the sperm concentration was signi cantly decreased compared with the control or two lower dose MSG groups. In AR assays, there was no statistically signi cant di erence between MSG-rats and normal rats. Conclusion. Testicular morphological changes, testosterone level, and sperm concentration were sensitive to high doses of MSG while the rate of AR was not affected. erefore, the consumption of high dose MSG must be avoided because it may cause partial infertility in male.
Veterinarski Arhiv, 2011
The effects of oral administration of varied doses of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the morphology of the testes and cauda epididymal sperm reserves of rats were studied using 28 four-week-old (young) male Sprague-Dawley rats and 28 twelve-week-old (adult) male Sprague-Dawley rats. Increasing doses (1 mg/g body mass, 2 mg/g body mass, and 4 mg/g body mass) of a 40% aqueous solution of monosodium glutamate were administered to the male Sprague-Dawley rats every 48 hours for 6 weeks, using a rat gavage needle. The results showed that age variation did not infl uence the effect of MSG on the parameters studied in male rats. There was a signifi cant reduction in the cauda epididymal sperm reserves (P<0.05) and the serum testosterone levels (P<0.05) of the rats that received monosodium glutamate relative to the control rats. The histomorphology of the testes of the rats that were given monosodium glutamate did not differ from those of the rats in the control group. No overt patholo...
Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 2019
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used in food preparation industry and has been consumed regularly. Previous studies had reported on effects of MSG when given at extremely high dosages, the results are not applicable to human equivalent intake. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of MSG on sperm quality and changes in reproductive organs of adult male rats when taken at average human daily intake (ADI). Twenty-four adult male rats were randomly assigned into three groups; NC (Normal control), MSG60 and MSG120 where MSG was given orally at 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg to each respective group. All treatments were conducted for 28 consecutive days. MSG at estimated ADI of 120 mg/kg body weight resulted in a significant drop in sperm quality (p < 0.05) when compared to both control and MSG60 groups. A significant decrease in the weight of reproductive organs was also apparent (p < 0.05). Moreover, oxidative status evaluation showed that treatment of MSG induces oxidative stress in the testis, more severely at a dose of 120 mg/kg body weight. These findings are supported by alterations in the observed histology of reproductive organs. This study shows that an intake dose of 120 mg/kg body weight MSG could cause significant damage to the reproductive system.
Swedish Journal of BioScience Research, 2020
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most common food additives extensively used as a flavor enhancer. MSG induced lipid peroxidation and inflammation. The present study aimed to assess the neurotoxicity, testicular impairment, inflammation and apoptosis induced by MSG. Thirty adult male Wistar rats, weighing about 180-200 g were assigned equally into five groups, each consists of six rats. Animals of Group I are controls and they received distilled water, whereas animals of Groups II, III, IV and V were given oral daily doses of MSG 0.8, 1, 2 and 3 g/kg body weight, respectively for consecutive 70 days. Administration of different doses of MSG revealed a significant elevation in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), β amyloid 1-42, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), cholesterol and sperm abnormality while it showed reduction in the level of GSH and SOD, CAT and GST antioxidant enzymes activities, sperm count and sperm motility. MSG led to disruption in n...