Collaborative Design Strategies for Climate Change Adaptation (original) (raw)
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The Role of Urban Planning and Design in Responding to Climate Change: The Brisbane Experience
Key words: adverse impacts of climate change, urban planning and design Purpose In the last decade, the ramifications of climate change have already left a scar on some of the urban regions round the world. The Australian continent has been regarded as one of the most affected regions in terms of climate change implications. The 2011 Queensland floods of historic proportions, which came after a decade of extreme drought, raised many questions about the future development of cities. In recent decades, Queensland's economy has been largely based on property led development. The flood plain land situated along the Brisbane River has been developed and overburdened with building infrastructure, contributing to the magnification of the flood events. This paper will discuss the responses from the urban planning, and design professions in Brisbane to the impacts of climate change and the implications of the 2011 Flood Design/Methodology/Approach The research methodology is based on identification of the problem and the major objective. In order to address the objective this study concentrated mainly on the use of qualitative research methods. The major qualitative research methods include literature review, qualitative analysis, and observations. Brisbane, the capital of the Australian state of Queensland, has been selected as the case study area. Findings The study revealed strong regional and city-wide planning directives addressing climate change which has not yet been fully been translated at the local-neighbourhood level. Originality This paper provides a deep insight analysis and evaluation of the design and planning measures currently used to combat the impacts of climate change Note: You can cite this paper as follows: Marek Kozlowski , Yusnani Mohd Yusof , (2016) "The role of urban planning and design in responding to climate change: the
Sustainability appraisals of design-led responses to climate adaptation
2014
This policy brief is a milestone from the VCCCAR project Design-led Decision Support for Regional Climate Adaptation. The project explored a new approach to climate change adaptation at the local government scale, addressing the question 'What could a climate-proof future look like?' using a design process to address problems of future uncertainty and risk. A design approach enables new ideas to arise, emphasising uncertainty as part of future thinking whilst allowing a departure from incremental approaches. Design charettes (a form of intensive workshop) were central to this exercise. Charrettes were held in Bendigo and Sea Lake, engaging community members, local government and state government staff and academics in an intensive process of envisaging and designing alternative futures for their locality based on an understanding of local conditions and potential future climate conditions. Those involved in the charrettes found the process challenging and satisfying. Reports from the charrettes are available on the VCCCAR website: www.vcccar.org.au
Sustainability, 2021
The purpose of this paper is to propose a research by design strategy, focusing on the generation of innovative climate adaptation solutions by utilizing the Design Thinking Process. The proposed strategy has been developed and tested in a research and design studio, which took place in 2020 at a Master of Architecture degree program in the Netherlands. The studios focused on the sparsely populated, high flood risk region of the Lake District, UK. The Lake District faces urgent climate change challenges that demand effective solutions. On the other hand, the area is a UNESCO heritage site, characterized by massive tourism and tending towards museumification (sic). Three indicative design research projects were selected to illustrate the proposed research by design strategy. The results reveal that this strategy facilitates the iterative research by design process and hence offers a systematic approach to convert the threats of climate change into opportunities by unraveling the potentials of the study area. The findings lay the groundwork for more systematic studies on research by design as an effective strategy for climate change adaptation design. Beyond the local case, the results contribute to the critical theories on climate adaptation design and research by design methodologies.
Urban Climate Adaptation through Design and Planning: A New Zealand Perspective
10th International Urban Design Conference, 2017
Urbanization is one of the twenty-first century’s most transformative trends, and increasing urban population along with the impacts of climate change provide new challenges and new opportunities. However, there are significant differences in the way countries are perceiving the phenomenon of climate change and implementing adaptation strategies to improve urban climate. This paper reports on a study carried out in New Zealand and aimed at identifying how the country is implementing adaptation strategies through urban design and planning to improve urban climate in the face of climate change. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with New Zealand scholars studying urban climate related issues, urban design and planning practitioners, and governance. The study was designed to provide a wide range of perceptions rather than a set number of interviews in specific cities. The semi- structured interviews focused upon awareness of the need for climate change adaptation, existing urban climate phenomena because of design decisions, existing design strategies to improve climate adaptation, communication of climate change issues, existing policy instruments and implementation of initiatives. The paper discusses the perceptions of interviewees regarding awareness and urgency of action; the role of citizens, governance, and urban designers and planners in the urban climate adaptation agenda; and the role of dramatic events such as the Christchurch earthquakes on acknowledging the need for appropriate design and planning. Results indicate that the geographical condition of New Zealand and its consequent maritime climate means that climate change – particularly effects related to city design – are not seen as a major issue. However, the recent Christchurch earthquakes have sped up the processes of change, making citizens and governance more aware of consequences of inappropriate design and planning.
Climate change adaptation: Strategic planning and urban design practice
Remapping urban heat islands atlases in regenerative cities, 2022
The United Nations (UN) has proposed two actions against climate change between 2015 and 2021: "combat" in Goal 13 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and "adaptation" in the 26th UN Climate Change Conference (the Conference of the Parties COP 26). This chapter aims to highlight pathways and actions for addressing and adapting to climate change at higher strategic levels and urban planning and design at the local level. In 32 authoritative texts, the snowball technique and content analysis were used to discover the interactions between people, nature, and climate change adaptation. The findings revealed that lower-level adaptation methods, such as urban design techniques, were ineffective in responding to people's actions in public areas. In terms of SDGs and COP 26, epistemological awareness of normative variables crucial to the relationship between people and nature in public spaces adds significantly to this endeavor.
Frontiers of Architectural Research, 2015
For mid-latitude cities, higher summer temperatures due to climate change are a cause for concern because they aggravate the urban heat island phenomenon and reduce thermal comfort inside buildings. By acquiring the appropriate knowledge and skills, architects and urban designers can become key actors in adaptation to climate change. Two workshops bringing together architects and urban designers provided evidence of deficiencies in this area. We hypothesize that a design support tool (DST) focused on the issue of adaptation of midlatitude cities to rising summer temperatures could help improve knowledge and skills of professionals in the field. The first section presents the results taken from a review and classification of DSTs, which highlight the tools' features that are likely to reach this goal. Tools of the "hybrid" category seem most appropriate. To verify this, seven DSTs were selected and tested by fourteen students enrolled in a graduate-level architecture design studio. The second section presents the results from this test, including an analysis of the final projects, a webbased questionnaire and two focus groups. The relevance of hybrid approaches is established, but the results bring into question the capacity of a single DST to meet the individual and multiple needs of professionals.
The Australian coast is rich in history and is scattered with coastal settlements amongst a contrasting landscape with infinite visual and ecological diversity. These attributes provide the opportunity to create sustainable and resilient settlements, linking the wholeness of a place to the foundation of living in harmony with nature. On the contrary the coastal regions of Australia are facing dynamic changes of population growth including the looming impact of a changing climate. Acknowledging these challenges, the Australian Government highlighted that one of the key requirements for a sustainable future is to establish sustainable settlements that are resilient against the impacts of climate change. Recent government studies and reports highlighted various possible impacts to the Australian coast and regional settlements due to sea level rise with associated coastal recession, extreme weather events, flooding, and prolonged heat waves. Various adaptation frameworks are proposed to deal with this issue, but very few consider the relationship between ecological systems and human built environments. The resilience planning of settlements must consider the co-evolution of human and nature under future climate effects. This paper is thus seeking answers to the question: How can the theoretical principles of Design with Nature (McHarg, 1967) and The Nature of Order (Alexander, 1980) provide for input to a adaptation model for settlements along the coast? Reflecting on a literature review of these two well established theories, the author select key principles from both as input to a ecological design based adaptation model for coastal settlements, which establishes a system of unfolding steps to create sustainable communities that connect with the landscape, and are resilient against future impacts of change.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
The impacts of climate change on cities have been clearly identified. Climate change threats the cities on urban infrastructure, urban life and well-being, urban environment and entire urban system. One of the most obvious impacts of climate change on urban system is the presence of more vulnerability of cities on urban floods due to global sea rise. This is particularly valid for coastal cities. While mitigation strategies could not be comprehensively completed in short time, the adaptation strategies could, therefore, be undertaken to complement the overall strategies to minimize the impacts. An engineering approach can be done at micro-level but should not be the only solution among many possible ways out. Urban planning and design, on the other hand, could be implemented at macro-level. Water sensitive urban design aims at minimizing the negative impacts of water-associated delinquencies through city planning and design. This study attempts to juxtapose the possible engineering ...