An Innovative Method in Measuring Permeability and Evaporation Parameters in Porous Pavements with Emphasis on Its Effects on Increasing Urban Transport Safety (original) (raw)
Related papers
Experimental results on permeable pavements in Urban areas: A synthetic review
International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 2015
Permeable pavements can reduce volumes and improve water quality of stormwater runoff by allowing water to infiltrate on its structure, easily integrating with other water control strategies in sustainable urban drainage systems. This solution is already well known, commercially available and referred to on many municipal legislations. This literature review discuss the role of permeable pavements in urban drainage by analyzing the main results on full-scale tests, especially regarding runoff volume reduction and quality improvement. Research results and case studies reported in literature confirm both the feasibility and the benefits of the use of permeable pavements in urban areas, even though research is still required on some application issues.
Permeable pavement clogging laboratory experiments using rainfall simulators
Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress
Sustainable urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) are becoming a common solution to address the increase in flow discharges, runoff volumes and pollutants concentrations caused by urban expansion. Among them, the use of permeable pavements is nowadays widespread due to their demonstrated effectiveness in managing and treating stormwater. However, there is great uncertainty in how the clogging of permeable pavements affects their long-term performance in terms of permeability reduction and pollution removal efficiency. Therefore, this study focused first in assessing the influence of clogging on the rainfall drained through porous asphalt slabs of 0.4 m x 0.4 m x 0.15 m. The hydrology behavior and removal efficiency of the asphalt were analyzed for different scenarios and grades of clogging by adding surface sediment loads between simulated rain events. In addition, a porous layer of the asphalt analyzed was used for the retrofitting of an impermeable concrete surface of a 36 m2 full-scale street section physical model that uses the same system to simulate rain. The objective is to analyze the impact of the porous asphalt layer on the hydrology and the mobilization of pollutants under full-scale and laboratory-controlled conditions, and to compare with previous tests developed using a conventional impervious concrete pavement.
Journal of Environmental Management, 2013
Fully permeable pavement is gradually gaining support as an alternative best management practice (BMP) for stormwater runoff management. As the use of these pavements increases, a definitive test method is needed to measure hydraulic performance and to evaluate clogging, both for performance studies and for assessment of permeability for construction quality assurance and maintenance needs assessment. Two of the most commonly used permeability measurement tests for porous asphalt and pervious concrete are the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) permeameter and ASTM C1701, respectively. This study was undertaken to compare measured values for both methods in the field on a variety of permeable pavements used in current practice. The field measurements were performed using six experimental section designs with different permeable pavement surface types including pervious concrete, porous asphalt and permeable interlocking concrete pavers. Multiple measurements were performed at five locations on each pavement test section. The results showed that: (i) silicone gel is a superior sealing material to prevent water leakage compared with conventional plumbing putty; (ii) both methods (NCAT and ASTM) can effectively be used to measure the permeability of all pavement types and the surface material type will not impact the measurement precision; (iii) the permeability values measured with the ASTM method were 50e90% (75% on average) lower than those measured with the NCAT method; (iv) the larger permeameter cylinder diameter used in the ASTM method improved the reliability and reduced the variability of the measured permeability.
2017
Population growth in cities has led to an increase in the infrastructures construction, including buildings and roadways. This aspect leads directly to the soils waterproofing. In turn, changes in precipitation patterns are developing into higher and more frequent intensities. Thus, these two conjugated aspects decrease the rainwater infiltration into soils and increase the volume of surface runoff. The practice of green and sustainable urban solutions has encouraged research in these areas. The porous asphalt pavement, as a green infrastructure, is part of practical solutions set to address urban challenges related to land use and adaptation to climate change. In this field, permeable pavements with porous asphalt mixtures (PA) have several advantages in terms of reducing the runoff generated by the floods. The porous structure of these pavements, compared to a conventional asphalt pavement, allows the rainwater infiltration in the subsoil, and consequently, the water quality impro...
Experimental study on rainfall-runoff relation for porous pavements
Hydrology Research, 2008
Impervious surfaces have long been implicated in the decline of watershed integrity in urban and urbanizing areas. Porous pavement is one solution to mitigating the problem of stormwater runoff problems. In this research, three available porous pavement systems were investigated to evaluate their infiltration capability of precipitation. Experiments were conducted to simulate different kinds of porous pavements having different sub-base materials in different cells. The discharge volumes were monitored from each cell, and the relationship between rainfall intensity, outflow and outflow duration was analyzed. Results show that these three porous pavements increased infiltration and decreased runoff. The optimum thickness of the porous pavement was 31 cm, which consisted of a 6 cm top layer of porous concrete and a 25 cm sub-base (10 cm concrete without sand and 15 cm aggregate base). Furthermore, under a rainfall rate of 59.36 mm/h, the runoff coefficient of the above porous pavement...
A Research Paper on Porous Asphalt Pavement
The aim of this study is to recharge ground water to underplaying aquifers and reduce risk of flood condition. Porous asphalt pavement is an alternative technology that differs from traditional asphalt pavement designs, that the pavement permits fluid to pass freely through it. Porous asphalt pavement also reduces and control surface runoff of surrounding area. This technique also can be used as additional way of storm water management. The past few studies suggests that, porous asphalt pavement intended to be used for parking lots, storm water management, water quality treatment, peak flow reduction and noise control. The research has focused on improving quality and quantity of ground water. This study includes model making and checking performance of that constructed pavement model. Study investigates performance of aggregates and porous asphalt used in projects, such as properties of aggregates like impact value, crushing value, specific gravity, abrasion test. Tests performance...
Experimental study on the hydrological performance of a permeable pavement
Urban Water Journal, 2016
Permeable pavements play an essential role in urban drainage systems, making them the subject of great interest to both researchers and practitioners. However, previous studies have demonstrated a significant degree of uncertainty regarding both the hydrological performance and the maintenance requirements of this type of pavement. Within this context, the presented research involved the construction of a one metre square surface area of permeable pavement and a laboratory rainfall simulator to investigate the influence of rainfall intensity on the hydrologic response of permeable pavements. The design of the permeable pavement complied with the SuDS Manual guidance and British Standards (BS 7533-13:2009). The laboratory test programme was designed to investigate the influence of rainfall intensity on the hydrologic response of permeable pavements. The results demonstrate that the hydrologic performance varied according to rainfall intensity. The total volume of discharge from the permeable pavement ranged between 8% to 60% of the inflow. More than 40% of the total rainfall from all rain events was temporarily detained within the structure. Permeable pavement design optimisation has therefore been tested in the study. The SuDS Manual guidance has been found to meet current optimisation requirements.
2011
Porous asphalt is used in Permeable Pavement Systems (PPS), but it is sensitive to surface clogging leading to a loss in its infiltration capacity. Test methods based on the use of permeable pavement models, manufactured in laboratory and assessed under different clogging conditions, slope, rain and runoff, have been widely applied to the study of permeable pavements with concrete blocks but not to the study of porous bitu minous mixtures. The Cantabrian Fixed (CF) Infiltrometer has been used for the study of porous asphalt with void percentages between 20% and 33%. Three clogging scenarios were studied: newly placed surface, surface with an average maintenance level and clogged surface. Each clogging scenario was tested with 5 different slopes: 0%, 2%, 5%, 8% and 10% and three repetitions. The direct rainfall simulation was pro duced by five lines of bubblers over the 0.25m 2 piece and the runoff was simulated by one perforated pipe over a plastic ramp at the beginning of the surfa...
Applicability study of permeable pavements in Dubai
Sustainable Development, 2015
It is estimated that during the year 2013 Dubai expended nearly 450 million USD on rainwater flooding, an incident that is reported on an average of four times per year. In the year 2020, this figure is estimated to increase to nearly 750 million USD, as Dubai GDP increases. In addition to financial losses, rainwater flooding incurs life fatalities, car accidents, municipal burdens, and municipal disturbances. The inadequacy of runoff drainage systems in impermeable paved areas is the most profound reason for the occurrences of rainwater flooding in Dubai. National as well as international organizations such as ESTIDAMA and the United States Green Buildings Council (USGBC) advocate using permeable landscaping materials to decrease runoff in landscapes near buildings. While a substantial national effort has been made in this regard, very minimal action is being taken to reduce runoff from paved roadways. Paved roadways occupy the majority of impermeable areas in Dubai; hence, decreasing its associated rainwater runoff would significantly lessen the occurrences of rainwater flooding. Permeable pavements have great potential in eliminating rainwater overflow of roadways without the need of independent drainage systems. The aim of this research is to study the essential parameters that would determine the applicability of permeable pavements in Dubai.
The Application of Permeable Pavements in Highways and Urban Roads
2015
Under current provision of the Clean Water Act (CWA) and the amended National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) all communities with populations of 10,000 or more, which includes nearly all jurisdictions in the United States, are required to regulate and control the discharge of urban stormwater into receiving water bodies. The CWA and related regulatory compliances and societal demands for clean water have exerted a tremendous amount of pressure on stormwater runoff dischargers throughout the United States to develop innovative stormwater treatment and management strategies. A more environmentally beneficial and cost-effective approach to capturing, treating, and slowing down water runoff generated by road surfaces is the use of a full depth permeable pavement shoulder design. Under this proposed design, most if not all runoff will be retained within the shoulder and there would not be a need for additional treatment. The use of permeable pavement shoulders in highly u...