A Brief Review of Applications on Carbon Quantum Dots (original) (raw)

Carbon Quantum Dots for Energy Applications: A Review

ACS Applied Nano Materials

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a class of carbon nanomaterials that have recently gained recognition as current entrants to traditional semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). CQDs have the desirable advantages of low toxicity, environmental friendliness, low cost, photostability, favorable charge transfer with enhanced electronic conductivity, and their comparable easy synthesis protocols. This article examines advancements in CQD research and development, with a focus on their synthesis, functionalization, and energy applications. Initially, various synthesis methods are discussed briefly with pros and cons. Herein, first top-down methods including arc discharge technique, laser ablation technique, plasma treatment, ultrasound synthesis technique, electrochemical technique, chemical exfoliation, and combustion were discussed briefly. The later section presents bottom-up (microwave synthesis, hydrothermal synthesis, thermal pyrolysis, and MOF template-assisted approach) and waste-derived CQDs synthesis methods. The next section is focused on the energy applications of CQDs including supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, photovoltaics, hydrogen (HER), and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Finally, challenges and perspectives in this exciting and promising area are presented.

Carbon dots for energy conversion applications

Journal of Applied Physics

Quantum dots (QDs), generally referring to semiconductor nanocrystals that display the quantum confinement effect, have been widely pursued for many energy conversion applications. More recently, carbon dots (CDots), which are small carbon nanoparticles with various surface passivation schemes, have been found to possess optical properties and photoinduced redox characteristics resembling those of conventional semiconductor QDs and thus are amenable to some of the same uses in energy conversions. Among the various carbon nanomaterials, fullerenes have been extensively investigated for their use as critical components in optoelectronic devices and systems. Carbon nanoparticles, representing a largely ignored nanoscale carbon allotrope, are in fact more effective in some of the same functions, which are materialized and much enhanced upon the surface passivation of the nanoparticles in CDots. In this perspective article on CDots for energy conversion applications, the optical properties and redox characteristics of CDots, including the related mechanistic framework and its relationship to the use of CDots as potent photocatalysts for the conversion of CO 2 into small organic molecules, are highlighted. Also highlighted are results from representative studies using CDots in light-emitting diodes and various solar cells to demonstrate their excellent potential for a wide range of roles in optoelectronic devices and systems. Issues and opportunities in the further development of the CDots platform and related technologies are discussed.

Carbon Quantum Dots : Synthesis and Optronics Applications

ICSESD-2017

The emerging carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have gained tremendous attention for their enormous potentials for optronics, for biomedical applications and as an optical sensing probe, owing to their small size, unique and tunable photoluminescence properties, exceptional physicochemical properties, high photo stability and biocompatibility. This paper reviews simple and novel synthesis methods of preparation of carbon quantum dots and its applications in solar cell and superconductor in the field of optronics.

Carbon-Based Quantum Dots for Supercapacitors: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

Nanomaterials

Carbon-based Quantum dots (C-QDs) are carbon-based materials that experience the quantum confinement effect, which results in superior optoelectronic properties. In recent years, C-QDs have attracted attention significantly and have shown great application potential as a high-performance supercapacitor device. C-QDs (either as a bare electrode or composite) give a new way to boost supercapacitor performances in higher specific capacitance, high energy density, and good durability. This review comprehensively summarizes the up-to-date progress in C-QD applications either in a bare condition or as a composite with other materials for supercapacitors. The current state of the three distinct C-QD families used for supercapacitors including carbon quantum dots, carbon dots, and graphene quantum dots is highlighted. Two main properties of C-QDs (structural and electrical properties) are presented and analyzed, with a focus on the contribution to supercapacitor performances. Finally, we di...

Carbon quantum dots: recent progresses on synthesis, surface modification and applications

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2017

Angeles (UCLA). She received her Ph.D. from the University of Sydney, Australia in 2010. She was an instructor in medicine at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. She was also a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering. Annabi's research focuses on the design and engineering of next-generation biomaterials for regenerative medicine.

Recent Developments in Carbon Quantum Dots: Properties, Fabrication Techniques, and Bio-Applications

2021

Carbon dots have gained tremendous interest attributable to their unique features. Two approaches are involved in the fabrication of quantum dots (Top-down and Bottom-up). Most of the synthesis methods are usually multistep, required harsh conditions, and costly carbon sources that may have a toxic effect, therefore green synthesis is more preferable. Herein, the current review presents the green synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) that having a wide range of potential applications in bio-sensing, cellular imaging, and drug delivery. However, some drawbacks and limitations are still unclear. Other biomedical and biotechnological applications are also highlighted.

Current trends in carbon-based quantum dots development from solid wastes and their applications

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Urbanization and a massive population boom have immensely increased the solid wastes (SWs) generation and are expected to reach 3.40 billion tons by 2050. In many developed and emerging nations, SWs are prevalent in both major and small cities. As a result, in the current context, the reusability of SWs through various applications has taken on added importance. Carbon-based quantum dots (Cb-QDs) and their many variants are synthesized from SWs in a straightforward and practical method. Cb-QDs are a new type of semiconductor that has attracted the interest of researchers due to their wide range of applications, which include everything from energy storage, chemical sensing, to drug delivery. This review is primarily focused on the conversion of SWs into useful materials, which is an essential aspect of waste management for pollution reduction. In this context, the goal of the current review is to investigate the sustainable synthesis routes of carbon quantum dots (CQDs), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) from various types SWs. The applications of CQDs, GQDs, and GOQDs in the different areas are also been discussed. Finally, the challenges in implementing the existing synthesis methods and future research directions are highlighted. Keywords Solid wastes • Carbon-based quantum dots • Carbon quantum dots • Graphene quantum dots • Graphene oxide quantum dots Abbreviations 1D-NMR One-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance 2D-NMR Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance AFM Atomic force microscope BET Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Cb-QDs Carbon-based quantum dots CFU Colony-forming unit CNTs Carbon nanotubes-COOH Carboxyl group CP-MAS-13 C-NMR Solid state cross polarization/magnetic angle spinning 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy CQDs Carbon quantum dots DLS Dynamic light scattering DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid EDX Energy dispersive X-ray EPA Environmental protection agency FTIR Fourier transform infrared GO Graphene oxide GOQDs Graphene oxide quantum dots GQDs Graphene quantum dots GSH Glutathione GSH@rCQDs Glutathione modified reduced carbon quantum dots HOMO Highest occupied molecular orbital HRTEM High-resolution transmission electron microscopy HSQC Heteronuclear single quantum coherence

Advances in the Methods for the Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Emerging Applications

Polymers

Cutting-edge technologies are making inroads into new areas and this remarkable progress has been successfully influenced by the tiny level engineering of carbon dots technology, their synthesis advancement and impressive applications in the field of allied sciences. The advances of science and its conjugation with interdisciplinary fields emerged in carbon dots making, their controlled characterization and applications into faster, cheaper as well as more reliable products in various scientific domains. Thus, a new era in nanotechnology has developed into carbon dots technology. The understanding of the generation process, control on making processes and selected applications of carbon dots such as energy storage, environmental monitoring, catalysis, contaminates detections and complex environmental forensics, drug delivery, drug targeting and other biomedical applications, etc., are among the most promising applications of carbon dots and thus it is a prominent area of research to...