Genetic and epigenetic risks of intracytoplasmic sperm injection method (original) (raw)
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European Medical Journal
Since the birth of the first in vitro fertilisation baby in 1978, >5 million babies have been born worldwide using assisted reproductive technologies (ART). ART were initially considered safe, but, in recent years, concerns regarding the association between these procedures and the increasing incidence of imprinting diseases have developed. There are numerous steps involved in ART and there are many variables that must be considered; even parental infertility may play an important role in offspring epigenetic modifications. This review presents available data from the literature regarding the incidence of these epigenetic modifications after ART, with a primary focus on oocyte insemination methodology. The authors conclude that ART, especially intracytoplasmic sperm injection, may induce epigenetic changes that can be transmitted to the offspring, but additional data are necessary to evaluate the factors involved and to determine the safety of each ART step.
Invited review Intracytoplasmic sperm injection: current perspectives and future development
2009
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a novel technique rapidly gaining popularity among infertile couples, alleviates the burdens posed by male factor infertility by offering infertile couples a chance to conceive. Although numerous studies suggest success rates comparable to traditional in vitro fertilization, ICSI is not without fault. Potential associated risks include, but certainly are not limited to, birth defects, DNA fragmentation, de novo Y-chromosome microdeletions, paternal mtDNA disease transmission, chromosomal aberrations, and genomic imprinting disorders. Fortunately, there has been ongoing research to develop a more effective ICSI protocol. This paper explores potential risks associated with prenatal and postnatal development in ICSI offspring, as well as modern technical advances in the ICSI protocol.
Sperm Microinjection Techniques Do Not Increase the Incidence of Abnormalities in Offspring
The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1997
When in vitro fertilization (IVF) was first developed, it was purely for the treatment of tuba1 disease. and about 1 million sperm were added to each cwcyte in vitro. However it soon became apparent that much smaller numbers of sperm were not only sufficient, but resulted in better results, and the usual numbers of sperm used for insemination in the early 1980s was about IOO,(HK1 sperm per oocyte. It therefore became obvious, that many men who had insufficient sperm for natural conception, were able to fertilize their wife's oocytes in vitro. With the development of microinjection techniques, initially in mice at Monash University ( I ) many more couples became potential subjects for IVF. Initially using Subzonal Insemination (SUZI) several sperm were injected under the zona pellucida, resulting in normal fertilization and subsequent pregnancy. The first human birth by this technique was achieved in Singapore (2). This technique although reproduced in many centres had a disappointing success rate (about 5-10% per cycle). It was when the technique of single sperm insemination into the cytoplasm was shown to be effective ( 3 ) , with much higher ongoing pregnancy rates (now approaching about 20% per cycle in major units) that microinjection became universally accepted and widely used. With the recent developments of surgically-recovering sperm from azoospermic men either by tine needle aspiration or by open testicular biopsy, the definition of sterility had to be redefined. Consequently, male factor has become a common reason for couples to enter IVF programmes. In Australia and New Zealand the proportion of couples who achieved pregnancy and had 'male factor' as their main cause has steadily increased from less than 10% in the early 1980s to about one third in 1994 (4).
International Journal of Andrology, 2004
SummaryIntracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is now widely acknowledged as the most effective therapeutic approach to severe male infertility or unsuccessful in vitro fertilization. Cytogenetic investigations were performed in 370 females and 335 males prior to ICSI between January 1997 and April 2003. Nine men (2.7%) and 48 women (13%) had an abnormal karyotype, 44 females having some degree of numerical sex chromosome mosaicism. A review of the literature showed the prevalence of all types of chromosomal abnormalities to be much higher among male and female partners of couples examined prior to ICSI than among newborns. As most ICSIs are performed with ejaculated spermatozoa from oligospermic men, the distribution and the prevalence of the several types of chromosomal abnormalities are closer to those of oligospermic rather than azoospermic males. Our results combined with those of the literature stress the importance of karyotyping both male and female partners before ICSI is s...
Avicenna journal of medical biotechnology, 2009
Sperm chromatin integrity has been being recognized as an important factor in male fertility. During normal fertilization, high quality sperm with intact chromatin are selected through natural selection in journey from vagina to fallopian tube. However, using Assisted Reproductive Techniques, particularly ICSI, the natural selection is bypassed. Therefore sperm with DNA breakage have the opportunity to fertilize the egg which may lead to decreased embryo quality and implantation rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sperm chromatin integrity on ICSI outcomes. A total of 200 semen samples were collected from couples undergoing ICSI and were analyzed according to WHO criteria. Each sample was evaluated for sperm chromatin integrity using four cytochemical assays and semen processing by swim up method. The ICSI was carried out according to a long-term pituitary down-regulation protocol. The correlation between sperm parameters, sperm chromatin integrity and ICSI ou...
Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 2007
Objective Evaluate sperm chromatin stability and its relationship with the rate of fertilization after procedures of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in a program of assisted reproduction. Design Prospective study. Setting Institute of Gynecology and Reproduction. Patients Thirty-three women with their respective partners (12 couples in the study group and 21 couples in the control group) participating in a program of assisted reproduction. The study group was defined as men with >30% of nondecondensed spermatozoa (high sperm chromatin stability). Interventions A part of each seminal sample was used to evaluate sperm chromatin stability under SDS and EDTA treatment and the second aliquot was used for the ICSI procedure. Fertilization was evaluated 16-18 h post sperm injection at a pronuclear stage. The fertilized oocytes were further cultured for 24-48 h before transfer to the patient. Main outcome measures Fertilization rate.
Effect of spermatic nuclear quality on live birth rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 2019
Background: Our study defines the clinical role of sperm DNA damage in the assisted reproductive technology procedure. Aim: To investigate if the compaction of chromatin explored added to the analysis of the sperm DNA fragmentation allows obtaining a new indicator for sperm genome quality linked to live birth rate (LBR). Design: This was a prospective study, undergoing 101 cycles in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) program. Materials and Methods: The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) has been measured with sperm chromatin dispersion examination. The sperm decondensation index (SDI) of chromatin has been measured with aniline blue procedure; with these indexes, a new parameter has been created: DFI × SDI. Statistical Analysis: Pearson's correlation coefficient, Student's t-test, and Chi-square test were used. The quantitative variables were described as mean ± standard deviation. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed with live birth as outcome. Results: The sperm concentration, motility, and normal morphology were lower when the DFI was high (P = 0.001). The fertilization rates and the number of obtained embryos were not statistically significant different according to the DFI groups. The SDI does not appear to be linked either with the spermatic parameters or with the ICSI parameters. A low DFI seems to be a beneficial factor to obtain a live birth in ICSI procedure (P = 0.064). In case of high DFI, a high SDI allows to obtain a higher LBR than a low SDI. Conclusion: The DFI is a good prognostic for a delivery rate in ICSI procedure, and the SDI could be added to DFI to create a new parameter of sperm nuclear quality. This new parameter seems to be linked to LBR.