In vitro hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of crude extract and isolated compounds from Ficus gnaphalocarpa (original) (raw)
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Molecules
Local tribes use the leaves of Ficus lepicarpa B. (Moraceae), a traditional Malaysian medicine, as a vegetable dish, a tonic, and to treat ailments including fever, jaundice and ringworm. The purpose of this study was to look into the possible therapeutic effects of F. lepicarpa leaf extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats. The DPPH test was used to measure the antioxidant activity of plants. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for the phytochemical analysis (GCMS). Six groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to the following treatment regimens: control group, CCl4 alone, F. lepicarpa 400 mg/kg alone, CCl4 + F. lepicarpa 100 mg/kg, CCl4 + F. lepicarpa 200 mg/kg and CCl4 + F. lepicarpa 400 mg/kg. The rats were euthanized after two weeks, and biomarkers of liver function and antioxidant enzyme status were assessed. To assess the extent of liver damage and fibrosis, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of liver tiss...
Natural product communications, 2010
Free radicals, in particular radical oxygen species (ROS), play an important role in the aetiology and pathogenesis of various diseases. Current research in many countries focuses on the use of local medicinal plants as a promising source of liver protective agents. This paper describes the hepatoprotective effects of the methanol extract and four isolated compounds from Ficus chlamydocarpa on CCl4-induced liver damage, as well as the possible antioxidant mechanisms involved in this protection. The DPPH test, along with the beta-Carotene-Linoleic Acid Model System and Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power assays, as well as the inhibition of microsomal lipid peroxidation were used to measure radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities. Pretreatment of rats with the methanol extract of F. chlamydocarpa before CCl4 administration, significantly prevented serum increase of hepatic enzyme markers, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), in a do...
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of standardized herbal extracts
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2012
Acacia catechu have been shown to possess widespread pharmacological application against multitude of diseases namely cancer, diabetes, liver disorders, and oxidative stress. Objective: We evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of the standardized herbal extracts against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BH) induced toxicity and their mechanism of hepatoprotective action in human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2 cell line). Materials and Methods: The hepatoprotective activity was studied by observing the effect of these herbal extracts on t-BH induced reduction in cell viability of HepG2 cells. In addition, the reducing power of the extracts and their ability to scavenge free radicals were evaluated using two antioxidant assay systems: cell free [oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and [2,2'-azino-bis(3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid)] (ABTS)] and cell based [cellular antioxidant activity (CAA)]. Results and Discussion: The results obtained showed that these extracts possess significant hepatoprotective activity. This may indicate that the plant extracts contain compounds, which can remove toxic metabolites following t-BH induced toxicity. The extracts exhibited significant antioxidant property as evident by the Trolox values and effective scavenging of DPPH and ABTS radicals. The extracts also demonstrated inhibition of AAPH-induced fluorescence in HepG2 cells. These results indicate the ability of the plant extracts to protect the liver cells from chemicalinduced damage, which might be correlated to their radical scavenging potential. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that these extracts have potential hepatoprotective activity which is mainly attributed to the antioxidant potential, which might occur by reduction of lipid peroxidation and cellular damage.
Background: Hepatic diseases remain problems throughout the world. Egypt has the highest country wind prevalence of hepatic C virus, there are no completely effective drugs that stimulate hepatic function and help to regenerate liver cells. Thus, it is necessary to obtain pharmaceutical alternatives for liver diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic leaves extract of Ficus carica in a rat model of CCl4-induced liver damage. Animal grouping: Adult male rats weighting 100-120g, were divided into five groups as the following (1) Control group. (2) Olive oil treated group(2.5ml/ kg bw)day after day for8 weeks. (3)Ficus carica extract treated group (500mg/kg) orally by the same manner and duration. (4)Carbon tetrachloride intoxicated group (CCl4): CCl4 dissolved in olive oil (V/V) at a dose (2.5ml /kg body weight) orally by the same manner and duration. (5)Ficus carica extract administered orally before CCl4 –intoxication by the same dose, manner and duration. Results: CCl4-significantly altered serum and hepatic enzymes, total protein, albumin, globulin, oxidative stress markers and lipid profiles. The Ficus extract showed are notable amelioration in all biochemical alteration comparing with normal control rats. Conclusion: It can be concluded that supplementation of Ficus extract can exert a hepatoprotective effect in rat model of CCl4-induced liver damage, which was attributed to the strong antioxidant power.
Arch Pharm Research, 2005
The hepatoprotective activity of fiavonol glycosides rich fraction (F-2), prepared from 70% alcohol extract of the aerial parts of V. calcarata Desf., was evaluated in a rat model with a liver injury induced by daily oral administration of CCI4 (100 mg/kg, b.w) for four weeks. Treatment of the animals with F-2 using a dose of (25 mg/kg, b.w) during the induction of hepatic damage by CCI4 significantly reduced the indices of liver injuries. The hepatoprotective effects of F-2 significantly reduced the elevated levels of the following serum enzymes: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The antioxidant activity of F-2 markedly ameliorated the antioxidant parameters including glutathione (GSH) content, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), plasma catalase (CAT) and packed erythrocytes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) to be comparable with normal control levels. In addition, it normalized liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and creatinine concentration. Chromatographic purification of F-2 resulted in the isolation of two flavonol glycosides that rarely occur in the plant kingdom, identified as quercetin-3, 5-di-O-f3-D-diglucoside (5) and kaempferol-3, 5-di-O-~-D-diglucoside (4) in addition to the three known compounds identified as quercetin-3-O-ct-L-rhamnosyl-(1-)6)-13-D-glucoside [rutin, 3], quercetin-3-O-13-D-glucoside [isoquercitrin, 2] and kaempferol-3-O-13-D-glucoside [astragalin, 1]. These compounds were identified based on interpretation of their physical, chemical, and spectral data. Moreover, the spectrophotometric estimation of the flavonoids content revealed that the aerial parts of the plant contain an appreciable amount of flavonoids (0.89%) calculated as rutin. The data obtained from this study revealed that the flavonol glycosides of F-2 protect the rat liver from hepatic damage induced by CCI4 through inhibition of lipid peroxidation caused by CCI4 reactive free radicals.
Journal of Food Science, 2011
The ethanol extract of Grewia tenax (GTE) fruit was tested for possible efficacy against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) induced liver toxicity in Wistar albino rats. GTE at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg were administered orally to CCl 4 -treated rats. Acute toxicity test and sleeping time determination were done with mice. The results showed that oral administration of GTE for 3 wk to rats significantly reduced the CCl 4 -induced elevated levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins, and triglycerides. Moreover, it was found that the treatment with GTE significantly elevated the hemoglobin level in serum and increased the nonprotein sulfhydryl and total protein contents in the liver tissue, and a significant diminution was observed in the CCl 4 -induced elevated levels of malondialdehyde in the liver tissue. The biochemical findings were supported by an evaluation with liver histopathology. Pentobarbital-induced prolongation of narcolepsy in mice was shortened significantly by the extract. The observed hepatoprotective effect is believed to occur due to antioxidant properties of the contents of G. tenax extract, which may provide a new drug to be used for fighting liver diseases and it validates its folkloric use in anemic and other conditions.
Antioxidant Property of Plant an Indication for Hepatoprotective Activity
2012
Liver, the largest organ in the body is being evolv ed to maintain the body’s internal milieu and also pro tect itself from the challenges it faces during its functioning. Since it is involved in the biochemical conversio ns of various endogenous and exogenously administered/ingested substances, there is a possibility of generation of various highly reactive species of fr ee radicals. However, it has an inbuilt system like tissue glutathione (GSH), etc to scavenge them off . Inspite of this the free radicals generated by some hepatotoxins like CCl4 may overpower the protective mechanism of the live r and cause hepatic damage. Though the modern medicinal system has grown phenomenally, the drug f or treating hepatic disease is still a dream. Hence , people are looking at the traditional systems of me dicine for remedies to hepatic disorders.
Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2013
Objective: The present study is aimed to evaluate hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Cassytha filiformis methanolic on the CCl 4 induced hepatotoxicity. Material and method: Hepatotoxicity was induced by CCl 4 (1 ml/kg bw 1:1 CCl 4 and olive oil). Methanolic extract of CF at different doses (250 and 500 mg/kg b.w) were administered to male Wistar rats weighing between 125 and 150 g. Then activity of CF against CCl 4 was compared with Silymarin (50 mg/kg bw). Biochemical parameters like serum SGPT, SGOT, ALP and total bilirubin were estimated to assess the liver function. Biochemical observations were also supplemented with histopathological examination of liver section. Results: Phytochemical investigation showed that methanolic extract contains poly phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. Acute toxicity study shows that methanolic extract was safe up to 5000 mg/kg body weight. Compared to CCl 4 toxicant group wet liver weight, wet liver volume was markedly reduced in methanolic extract treated group. The toxicant induced a rise in the plasma enzyme levels of ALT, SGOT, SGPT and total bilirubin level. This increased level was significantly lowered by the extract at 500 mg/kg bw than 250 mg/kg bw. The histopathological changes i.e. fatty changes, necrosis etc were partly or fully prevented in animals treated with the extracts. Conclusion: The finding suggests there was significant reduction in elevated levels of serum enzyme (SGOT, SGPT, ALP and total bilirubin level). Wet liver weight and wet liver volume was also decreased in animals pretreated with methanolic extract of CF. From the above it is found that CF extract exhibit hepatoprotective activity. This justifies the inclusion of this plant in the management of liver disorders.
A B S T R A C T Macrothelypteris torresiana is a fern species belonging to the family Thelypteridaceae. The present study was conducted to evaluate hepatoprotective potential of ethanol extract from M. torresiana aerial parts (EEMTAP) and detect the polyphenolic compounds present in the extract using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Hepatoprotective potential of EEMTAP were tested at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg, per os (p.o.), on Wistar albino rats. The extract and silymarin treated animal groups showed significant decrease in activities of different biochemical parameters like serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which were elevated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) intoxication. The levels of total bilirubin and total protein along with the liver weight were also restored to normalcy by EEMTAP and silymarin treatment. After CCl 4 administration, the levels of hepatic antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) were decreased whereas the level of hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) was elevated. The levels of these hepatic antioxidant enzymes were also brought to normalcy by EEMTAP and silymarin treatment. Histological studies supported the biochemical findings, and treatment with EEMTAP at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg, p.o. was found to be effective in restoring CCl 4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. A simple HPTLC analysis was conducted for the detection of polyphenolic compounds in EEMTAP, and the result revealed the presence of caffeic acid as phenolic acid and quercetin as flavonoid. The proposed HPTLC method is simple and concise and provides a good resolution of caffeic acid and quercetin from other constituents present in EEMTAP.
Plants
Oxidative stress is among the major triggers for many important human functional disorders, which often lead to various metabolic or tissue diseases. The aim of the study is to obtain five standardized vegetal extracts (Cynarae extractum—CE, Rosmarini extractum—RE, Taraxaci extractum—TE, Cichorii extractum—CHE, and Agrimoniae extractum—AE) that contain active principles with an essential role in protecting liver cells against free radicals and quantify their antioxidant actions. The compounds of therapeutic interest from the analyzed extracts were identified and quantified using the UHPLC–HRMS/MS technique. Thus, the resulting identified compounds were 28 compounds in CE, 48 compounds in RE, 39 compounds in TE, 43 compounds in CHE, and 31 compounds in AE. These compounds belong to the class of flavonoids, isoflavones, phenolic acids and dicarboxylic acids, depsides, diterpenes, triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, proanthocyanidins, or coumarin derivatives. From the major polyphenolic compo...